长输天然气管道冬季运行分析

为了降低某天然气长输管道的能耗,用SPS软件建立了该条管道仿真模型。在该条管道冬季不同输量下,利用模型分析管道沿线各站出站温度调节对能耗费用的影响。结果表明:该条天然气管道当输量为2.0×1010m3/a时,开空冷器比不开空冷器所需能耗费用多;当输量为2.5×1010m3/a和3.0×1010m3/a时,开空冷器比不开空冷器所需能耗费用少,开空冷器能够降低管道的运行成本。     

整车滑行阻力理论计算方法

通过对预研车型子系统如风阻、重量、轮胎滚阻系数等目标参数进行分析,结合参考车型道路滑行和转鼓滑行的试验数据,利用汽车相关理论原理,提出了三种计算预研车型的理论滑行阻力的方法,用于前期仿真和排放试验摸底。     

基于ABAQUS的某商用车后桥系统强度耐久性能仿真研究

文章基于有限元法,采用ABAQUS软件,对某商用车后桥系统进行了CAE强度分析,超载30%工况强度分析、扭转耐久、垂直弯曲耐久、转弯弯曲台架三工况CAE疲劳耐久分析,分析结果显示,后桥系统强度和耐久性能满足设计目标。     

总装车间继电器安装自动化的应用

文章介绍了一种车载线束继电器安装的自动化设备,设备采用Dalta并联机器人抓取继电器进行安装,继电器上料由另一台Dalta并联机器人和视觉引导完成。继电器安装过程中,力和位移的数据被实时监控和保存,单颗继电器安装节拍满足≤1.1s,单条线束作业节拍≤45s,满足汽车总装生产线节拍要求。     

超声法研究SiCp增强6066Al 基复合材料的阻尼特性

利用超声法研究了粉末冶金工艺制备6066Al/SiCp复合材料的阻尼特性。实验测定了4种不同SiC体积比(5%,7%,9%,12%)试样在超声频率为1.25 MHz、2.5 MHz、5 MHz、10 MHz时的衰减系数α。结果表明:可以用吸收衰减表征该复合材料的阻尼特性;随着测试频率的增大,材料对超声的吸收和散射增强,吸收和散射衰减系数增大;在一定范围内随着SiC体积比的增大,该材料的吸收衰减系数增大,阻尼性能增强。     

视觉机器人焊接技术的研究综述与展望

焊接作为现代制造工业的基础生产工艺之一,是制造业极为重要的加工手段.目前由于焊接作业的特殊性导致一线焊接工人数量呈现急剧减少的趋势,为此将焊接作业机器人化是焊接产业发展的必然趋势,但与发达国家相比,我国焊接机器人的平均使用密度较小,其重要原因在于机器人的示教编程难度大、效率低下而且还存在机器人应对坡口类型、接头类型等多...     

直流1 500 V牵引供电系统框架保护特性

以广州地铁为例,分析直流1 500 V牵引供电系统框架保护的应用.对其故障特点、保护类型、整定方式及双边联跳后的措施进行了详细的分析.根据实际运营情况,提出了当前框架保护存在的局限性及对应的改进方法,即正确选定电压型框架保护和轨电位限制装置的整定值,以确保负极电位高时轨电位限制装置先动作;在运行中,须采取必要措施将正常工况下的负极电位控制在允许范围内;确保框架对地绝缘、牵引直流的正负级间绝缘和钢轨对地及其他设备间的绝缘处于良好状态.     

提高装车机装车精度的措施

1 装车精度 日照港矿石码头一期工程配备的2台装车能力为3 500 t/h的轨道式移动装车机(简称装车机),安装有电子皮带秤,动态计量,人工操作进行装车作业,装车效率非常高,但装车精度受操作过程各种因素的影响,难以控制.     

Second best toll and capacity optimisation in networks: solution algorithm and policy implications

This paper looks at the first and second best jointly optimal toll and road capacity investment problems from both policy and technical oriented perspectives. On the technical side, the paper investigates the applicability of the constraint cutting algorithm for solving the second best problem under elastic demand which is formulated as a bilevel programming problem. The approach is shown to perform well despite several problems encountered by our previous work in Shepherd and Sumalee (Netw. Spat. Econ., 4(2): 161–179, 2004). The paper then applies the algorithm to a small sized network to investigate the policy implications of the first and second best cases. This policy analysis demonstrates that the joint first best structure is to invest in the most direct routes while reducing capacities elsewhere. Whilst unrealistic this acts as a useful benchmark. The results also show that certain second best policies can achieve a high proportion of the first best benefits while in general generating a revenue surplus. We also show that unless costs of capacity are known to be low then second best tolls will be affected and so should be analysed in conjunction with investments in the network.

Identifying optimal data aggregation interval sizes for link and corridor travel time estimation and forecasting

With the recent increase in the deployment of ITS technologies in urban areas throughout the world, traffic management centers have the ability to obtain and archive large amounts of data on the traffic system. These data can be used to estimate current conditions and predict future conditions on the roadway network. A general solution methodology for identifying the optimal aggregation interval sizes for four scenarios is proposed in this article: (1) link travel time estimation, (2) corridor/route travel time estimation, (3) link travel time forecasting, and (4) corridor/route travel time forecasting. The methodology explicitly considers traffic dynamics and frequency of observations. A formulation based on mean square error (MSE) is developed for each of the scenarios and interpreted from a traffic flow perspective. The methodology for estimating the optimal aggregation size is based on (1) the tradeoff between the estimated mean square error of prediction and the variance of the predictor, (2) the differences between estimation and forecasting, and (3) the direct consideration of the correlation between link travel time for corridor/route estimation and forecasting. The proposed methods are demonstrated using travel time data from Houston, Texas, that were collected as part of the automatic vehicle identification (AVI) system of the Houston Transtar system. It was found that the optimal aggregation size is a function of the application and traffic condition.