Car pride and its behavioral implications: an exploration in Shanghai

Beyond their functional purpose, cars are often considered a status symbol. There may exist a certain level of pride associated with owning and using cars, particularly in regions where motorization is rapidly growing. However, there is little empirical evidence in terms of how car pride is related to different behavioral aspects, such as car ownership and use, especially in the context of developing countries. This paper presents an exploration of car pride and its association with car-related behavior. In this work, car pride is defined as the self-conscious emotion derived from the appraisal of owning and using cars as a positive self-representation. It pertains to both the symbolic and affective functions of the car. Using survey data (n?=?1389) from Shanghai, China, we empirically measure car pride as a latent variable based on five Likert-scale statements and test the association of car pride with car use, vehicle preferences, and car ownership. Based on two structural equation models, we show that: (1) car pride is positively correlated with car use; (2) car pride correlates significantly with owning newer, more expensive, and luxury cars, and Shanghai’s more expensive local car licenses; (3) car owners in general have higher car pride than non-owners; and (4) car pride is largely independent of one’s socio-economic characteristics. Although the analysis focuses on Shanghai, the findings of the positive correlation between car pride and behavior are consistent with prior studies in developed countries. These findings highlight the importance of car pride regarding multiple behavioral aspects of car ownership and use and its potential impact on mobility management.

     

永磁同步电机无传感器控制在电力推进中的应用综述

在高性能的船舶电力推进系统中,通常依靠机械式传感器为推进电机提供准确的转子位置和速度等信息.但受舱室内恶劣环境的影响,传感器的精度可能会下降甚至将信号完全丢失,此时可将无位置/速度传感器控制算法得到的转子相关信息作为备用,从而提高整个控制系统的可靠性.本文以基于矢量控制的永磁同步电机为研究对象,对各种主流的无传感器控制方案的原理、特点和最新发展情况进行了介绍和总结,并对转子初始位置定位和全速范围复合控制等关键问题进行了简要分析.     

BIM协同平台在水运工程施工管理中的应用

以广州南沙国际邮轮码头项目为依托,搭建BIM协同管理平台,对平台进行二次开发,建立项目层级数据库,并在施工过程中进行应用。结果表明,BIM协同管理平台在生产进度管理、质量安全管理、资料管理等方面为项目管理提供了良好的支撑作用,简化了项目部工作管理流程,减少了工作量,提高项目部的管理效率和工程的施工质量。     

增压器转速和预旋器控制器的闭环控制系统

为为改善涡轮增压民内燃机的匹配性能，研制了一套根据涡轮增压器转速控制预旋器角度的控制器，阐述了其工作原理软、硬件设计，由于采用躲开计算机进行数字化控制，使系统的静动淘ば骺刂频囊蟆?     

水泥稳定碎石土在路面底基层施工中的应用和施工特点

本文对比分析了水泥稳定土和水泥稳定碎石土两种路面底基层试验段施工情况,着重介绍粉砂土、砂土等地区水泥稳定碎石土底基层施工工艺的特点和有关注意事项。     

旧水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青路面的施工技术

反射裂缝是旧水泥混凝土路面上加铺沥青路面的关键问题。在补强处理后旧水泥混凝土路面上加铺玻璃纤维格栅是防止反射裂缝的有效措施。从玻璃纤维格栅的基本性能出发,分析了玻璃纤维格栅防止反射裂缝的机理。对施工中旧路病害调查与评定、路面病害处理、浇洒透层油、铺设玻璃格栅、沥青路面摊铺与碾压等施工工艺进行了详细介绍。     

基于振动场的转向架悬挂件强度设计

以振动场下转向架悬挂件强度设计为研究对象,分析了静强度方法的不足。基于转向架端部悬挂件真实受力情况,提出了一种更符合实际的动强度设计方法,并以转向架端部悬挂支座为实例,具体阐述转向架悬挂件强度设计新方法。实例分析表明,采用动强度方法所得应力超出静强度方法67.6%,更符合悬挂件的真实应力情况。     

THE EXPRESSION OF BCL-2, BAX AND CASPASE-3 IN NEURON OF THE SPINAL CORD ANTERIOR HORN AFTER CAUDA EQUINA ACUTE COMPRESSION

Objective To explore the influence of the acute cauda equina compression on the iumbosacral spinal cord; To clarify the pathologic change of the motor neuron after acute cauda equina compression. Methods 27 canis familiaris were randomly divided into 9 groups （3 in each） ： one for normal group, one for control group, and seven for compression groups. The control group and compressed groups was given operation and the sac made of silica gel was placed under the lamina of L5-6. Water was injected into the sac until their posterior legs paralysis in compressed groups, the animals had been compressed for 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 168 hours. The control group were not injected water. Cells apoptosis was investigated with the technology of TdT-mediated biotin dUTP nick end-labeling （TUNEL） staining. The Bcl-2 Bax and Caspase-3 protein was investigated by immunohistochemical method. Results TUNEL staining cells in anterior horn presented after compressed 8-12 hours, and at 72 hours the number of positive cells got to maximum, it decreased subsequently after 168 hours. The protein of Bax, Bcl-2 expressed a little in normal motor neuron. The caspase-3 protein didn＇t express in normal ceil. They all reached the peak at 72 hours after compression. Conclusion The apoptosis of motor neuron occurred earlier after eauda equina acute compression. Bax protein restrained Bcl-2 protein then active caspase-3 and conduced apoptosis of motor neuron.     

葛根素对血管性痴呆大鼠海马中低氧诱导因子-1α和红细胞生成素表达的影响

目的观察葛根素对血管性痴呆(VD)大鼠海马中低氧诱导因子-1α和红细胞生成素表达的影响并探讨其可能机制。方法采用大鼠双侧颈总动脉永久性阻断法(2-VO)建立VD的动物模型,SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、2-VO组和葛根素组,每组又分为1周、3周、6周、2月(n=6)四个时间点;应用Y型水迷宫实验测定动物的学习记忆能力,采用免疫组化法检测大鼠海马CA1区HIF-1α和EPO蛋白的表达。结果①2-VO组和葛根素组大鼠游全程时间和误入盲端次数均显著增加,但各时间点葛根素组大鼠的学习记忆成绩均显著优于2-VO组。②各时间点,2-VO组和葛根素组大鼠海马CA1区HIF-1α和EPO的表达均较假手术组明显增高,但葛根素组两种蛋白的表达均较2-VO组明显降低。结论葛根素可提高缺血脑组织细胞内氧浓度,改善学习记忆功能,对VD具有确切的保护作用。     

急性脑梗死患者胰岛素抵抗及其与肿瘤坏死因子-α关系的初步探讨

目的　探讨急性脑梗死患者胰岛素抵抗 (IR)与肿瘤坏死因子 α(TNF α)的关系。方法　检测了 42例急性脑梗死患者和 5 0例正常对照组的空腹血糖、血清胰岛素、C 肽、TNF α、TG及HDL含量 ,并计算胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)。结果　急性脑梗死患者与正常对照组比较 ,ISI明显降低、血清TNF α明显升高 ,两者之间存在明显负相关关系 ;ISI与TG、HDL分别呈负相关、正相关关系。结论　急性动脉硬化性脑梗死患者存在着IR ,TNF α可能是IR形成的一个因素。抑制TNF α的表达可能会增加胰岛素敏感性 ,减少脑梗死的发生和减轻梗死范围。