超浅埋暗挖隧道施工技术

文章介绍了在确保上方高速公路地面交通正常通行的情况下,超宽断面、埋深仅为0.5～2.5m的超浅埋平顶直墙下穿隧道工程采用管棚超前支护,结合小导管注浆加固地层、多导洞施工方案和微台阶开挖法来达到控制地表沉降和保证施工安全的"浅埋暗挖法"施工技术。     

Simulating the impacts of household travel on greenhouse gas emissions,urban air quality,and population exposure

This paper establishes a link between an activity-based model for the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), dynamic traffic assignment, emission modelling, and air quality simulation. This provides agent-based output that allows vehicle emissions to be tracked back to individuals and households who are producing them. In addition, roadway emissions are dispersed and the resulting ambient air concentrations are linked with individual time-activity patterns in order to assess population exposure to air pollution. This framework is applied to evaluate the effects of a range of policy interventions and 2031 scenarios on the generation of vehicle emissions and greenhouse gases in the GTA. Results show that the predicted increase of approximately 2.6 million people and 1.3 million jobs in the region by 2031 compared to 2001 levels poses a major challenge in achieving meaningful reductions in GHGs and air pollution.     

Isolating high-priority metro and feeder bus transfers using smart card data

Fixed-rail metro (or ‘subway’) infrastructure is generally unable to provide access to all parts of the city grid. Consequently, feeder bus lines are an integral component of urban mass transit systems. While passengers prefer a seamless transfer between these two distinct transportation services, each service’s operations are subject to a different set of factors that contribute to metro-bus transfer delay. Previous attempts to understand transfer delay were limited by the availability of tools to measure the time and cost associated with passengers’ transfer experience. This paper uses data from smart card systems, an emerging technology that automatically collects passenger trip data, to understand transfer delay. The primary objective of this study is to use smart card data to derive a reproducible methodology that isolates high priority transfer points between the metro system and its feeder-bus systems. The paper outlines a methodology to identify transfer transactions in the smart card dataset, estimate bus headways without the aid of geographic location information, estimate three components of the total transfer time (walking time, waiting time, and delay time), and isolate high-priority transfer pairs. The paper uses smart card data from Nanjing, China as a case study. The results isolate eight high priority metro-bus transfer pairs in the Nanjing metro system and finally, offers several targeted measures to improve transfer efficiency.     

环氧沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装施工质量控制

环氧沥青混凝土应用于钢桥面铺装具有优越的路用性能,其质量控制要求非常严格,相对于普通沥青混凝土有特殊的施工工艺要求.结合国内外同类工程和自身的施工经验,阐述人员、设备、材料、配合比设计、施工过程控制等环氧沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装施工质量控制要点,对同类工程的施工提供配合比设计和工艺控制等方面的技术参考.     

美国基于汽油的电动汽车燃料经济性评价方案介绍

文中对美国有关电动汽车当量汽油燃料经济性法规的法律依据、主要内容作简要介绍,重点解析美国基于汽油的电动汽车当量燃料经济性评价方法及其关键因素,为国内制定出台类似的技术标准作参考。     

浅析城市沥青路面病害及成因——结合开封市汴西新区某路路面沉陷谈体会

该文结合河南省开封市汴西新区某路路面沉陷的实际,以及一些参考书籍,简要分析沥青路面病害产生的原因。     

某越野车排气系统改进设计

针对某越野车在怠速和急加速工况下存在车内噪声过大问题,进行了整车噪声测试试验,确定了排气系统的尾管噪声是主要噪声源。采用GT-Power软件完成了该车辆排气系统的声学性能分析,在此基础上进行了前置消声器和后置消声器的改进。结果表明,改进后消声器可使排气尾管噪声得到明显降低,车内声品质得到很大改善。     

电动助力转向系统开发平台的仿真分析

本文提出了一种基于电动伺服缸加载的电动助力转向系统实验平台,并对该实验台进行数学建模,建立了其整体仿真模型,模拟分析了车辆在实际运行中轮胎力的变化以及EPS的动态特性响应。     

基于有限元的某轿车左前车门外门板的强度分析

通过运用Hypermesh建立某轿车车门外门板的有限元模型,利用计算机辅助计算,分析了外门板在下沉和扭转工况下的应力,确保其设计是否满足强度要求,找到了车门的强度薄弱区域,并为车门其他结构的设计提供参考和依据。     

生物柴油微粒排放特性试验研究

利用申克动态试验台和静电低压撞击器,对普通柴油机在不同工况下分别燃用柴油(D)、生物柴油(B100)和体积分数分别为20％的生物柴油和80％的柴油混合燃油(B20)时微粒排放的总量和粒径分布进行了研究.结果表明,燃用3种燃油时柴油机排放微粒的浓度均为单峰的对数正态分布,且在低转速下燃用B100时排放的微粒浓度远高于燃用D和B20时的浓度,在高转速下燃用B20时排放的细小颗粒物(粒径＜0.05μm)明显高于其他2种燃油.