Ridership drivers of bus rapid transit systems

We have collected information on 46 bus rapid transit (BRT) systems throughout the world to investigate the potential patronage drivers. From a large number of candidate explanatory variables (quantitative and qualitative), 11 sources of systematic variation are identified which have a statistically significant impact on daily passenger-trip numbers. These sources are fare, headway, the length of the BRT network, the number of corridors, average distance between stations; whether there is: an integrated network of routes and corridors, modal integration at BRT stations, pre-board fare collection and fare verification, quality control oversight from an independent agency, at-level boarding and alighting, as well as the location of BRT. The findings of this paper offer important insights into features of BRT systems that are positive contributors to growing patronage and hence should be taken into account in designing and planning BRT systems.     

采空区地层变形产生的隧道附加荷载及变形容许值计算与分析

文章分别计算了采空区上方地层弯曲时对隧道产生的附加荷载q1、q2及地层水平应变时对隧道产生的附加荷载qH,并推导出了采空区地层容许弯曲变形和水平应变数值.结果表明,现行交通部《采空区公路设计与施工技术细则》规定的采空区地基容许变形值较为笼统且偏大,结构偏于不安全.最后,文章根据计算结果对比,对不同围岩级别提出了更严格、更安全、更有针对性和可操作性的隧道对采空区地层变形限制要求,以供广大隧道工作者参考使用.     

浅析内河航道节能现状及技术应用

内河航道在施工建设和运营管理期间会产生大量的能源消耗,抓好航道的节能减排对发展绿色交通具有重要作用。本文总结概况了目前我国内河航道节能减排现状及采用的关键技术,相关技术的推广将引导交通运输行业优化用能结构、促进产业协调发展。     

应用型本科课程教学与相关证书认证培训的探索——以盐城工学院车辆工程专业为例

传统的教学模式重理论轻实践,课堂上主要以填鸭式授课模式讲授,很多专业课缺乏连续的创新性实践教学,以至于学生无法将所学知识得到运用.本论文将研究如何把理论学习案例分析认证培训带薪预就业实习的有机结合,运用在车辆工程专业创新人才培养中,为应用型高校理工科专业教学改革提供新思路.     

城市交通相关空气污染健康风险研究综述

交通空气污染问题作为交通问题重要部分,因危及到人体健康而越发受到人们的重视.文章将对近年来关于交通空气污染对人体健康影响的相关研究进行综述,并从不同交通空气污染物导致的相关疾病及其与特定污染物暴露研究方法分析介绍,从而更为系统全面了解地交通相关空气污染物作用于人体相关生物机理,为交通相关空气污染控制与防护提供科学依据.     

探索新能源汽车充电设施的电气设计

现如今,新能源电动汽车充电装置电气设计,得要顺应现代化实际需求与发展趋势.在后期发展阶段之中,新能源汽车会引领着整个汽车行业的发展,当然也可以凸显出节能减排、绿色出行的优势.因此在新能源项目发展阶段之中,针对新能源汽车充电设施实施电气设计至关重要.鉴于此,本文主要分析新能源汽车充电设施的电气设计.     

我国甲醇汽车冷启动技术研究发展综述

甲醇燃料在国内已经大量运用于汽车发动机,但由于甲醇的物化特性导致甲醇发动机存在冷启动困难问题,文章通过查阅相关资料,总结了国内相关研究者针对这一问题所做研究,并提出甲醇汽车冷启动技术未来发展方向.结果表明只要采取一定的辅助措施,就能让甲醇发动机在特定温度下顺利起动.其中,效果最好的能达到在-25℃下顺利起动.     

汽车雨水管理的数值仿真与评价

汽车在雨天行驶时,落到侧窗表面的雨水会影响驾驶员的侧向视野和后视野,从而危及行车安全,故侧窗雨水管理对于整车安全非常重要。但迄今为止对于侧窗雨水管理问题尚未有一个统一而有效的评价方法。为此,本文中应用液膜模型和拉格朗日粒子模型对某款SUV进行了雨水仿真,基于人机工程学和粒子束轨迹技术提出了侧窗雨水管理的评价方法,并对仿真结果进行了相应的分析。     

Approximate optimal AUTOSAR software components deploying approach for automotive E/E system

The AUTOSAR has been developed as the worldwide standard for automotive E/E software systems, making the electronic components of different suppliers to be employed universally. However, as the number of component-based applications in modern automotive embedded systems grows rapidly and the hardware topology becomes increasingly complex, deploying such large number of components in automotive distributed system in manual way is over-dependent on experience of engineers which in turn is time consuming. Furthermore, the resource limitation and scheduling analysis make the problems more complex for developers to find out an approximate optimal deploying approach in system integration. In this paper, we propose a novel method to deploy the AUTOSAR components onto ECUs with the following features. First, a clustering algorithm is designed for deploying components automatically within relatively low time complexity. Second, a fitness function is designed to balance the ECUs load. The goal of our approach is to minimize the communication cost over all the runnable entities while meeting all corresponding timing constraints and balancing all the ECUs load. The experiment results show that our approach is efficient and has well performance by comparing with other existing methods in specific and synthetic data set.     

Shockwave-based queue estimation approach for undersaturated and oversaturated signalized intersections using multi-source detection data

With the progress of information and sensing technologies, estimating vehicular queue length at signalized intersections becomes feasible and has attracted considerable attention. The existing studies provided a solid theoretical foundation for the estimation; however, the studies have some restrictions or limitations more or less. This paper presents a new methodology for estimating vehicular queue length at signalized intersections using multi-source detection data under both undersaturated and oversaturated conditions. The methodology applies the shockwave theory to model queue dynamics. Using data from probe vehicles and point detectors, analytical formulations for calculating the maximum and minimum (residual) queue lengths of each cycle are developed. Ground truth data were collected from numerical experiments conducted at two intersections in Shanghai, China, to verify the proposed methodology. It is found that the methodology has mean absolute percentage errors of 17.09% and 12.28%, respectively, for maximum queue length estimation in two tests, which are reasonably effective. However, the methodology is unsatisfactory in estimating the residual queue length. Other limitations of the proposed models and algorithms are also discussed in the paper.