用密度-流量关系模型解释交通流量陡降现象

用密度-流量关系模型解释交通流量陡降现象．为了解释交通流量陡降现象,提取了车头间距和驾驶员反应时间等驾驶行为共性参数．利用这些共性参数,建立了车流-回波速度、速度．密度和密度．流量关系模型．根据驾驶员在加速和减速时反应时间,计算了回波速度和密度-流量关系．计算结果表明,随驾驶员反应时间减少,回波速度峰值减小,流量峰值增大．驾驶员反应时间的变化是产生流量陡降现象的根本原因．     

Efficient clustering and simulated annealing approach for circuit partitioning

Circuit net list bipartitioning using simulated annealing technique has been proposed in the paper. The method converges asymptotically and probabilistically to global optimization. The circuit net list is partitioned into two partitions such that the number of interconnections between the partitions is minimized. The proposed method begins with an innovative clustering technique to obtain a good initial solution. Results obtained show the versatility of the proposed method in solving non polynomial hard problems of circuit net list partitioning and show an improvement over those available in literature.     

3D human motion tracking by using interactive multiple models

Of different model-based methods in vision based human tracking, many state of the art works focus on the stochastic optimization method to search in a very high dimensional space and try to find the optimal solution according to a proper likelihood function. Seldom works perform a framework of interactive multiple models (IMM) to track a human for challenging problems, such as uncertainty of motion styles, imprecise detection of feature points and ambiguity of joint location. This paper presents a two-layer filter framework based on IMM to track human motion. First, a method of model based points location is proposed to detect key feature points automatically and the filter in the first layer is performed to estimate the undetected points. Second, multiple models of motion are learned by the prior motion data with ridge regression and the IMM algorithm is used to estimate the quaternion vectors of joints rotation. Finally, experiments using real images sequences, simulation videos and 3D voxel data demonstrate that this human tracking framework is efficient.     

Finite element modeling of hydrostatic stress distribution in copper dual-damascene interconnects

Hydrostatic stresses of copper dual-damascene interconnects are calculated by a commercial finite element software in this paper. The analytical work is performed to examine the effects of different low-k (k is permittivity) dielectrics, barrier layer and aspect ratio of via on hydrostatic stress distribution in the copper interconnects. The results of calculation indicate that the hydrostatic stresses are highly non-uniform throughout the copper interconnects and the highest tensile hydrostatic stress exists on the top interface of lower level interconnect near via. Both the high coefficient of thermal expansion and the low elastic modulus of the low-k dielectrics and barrier layer can decrease the highest hydrostatic stress on the top interface, which can improve the reliability of the copper interconnects.     

Tool sequence optimization based on three logical modes of robot control via CPLEX optimization

Cluster tools have advantages of shorter cycle times, faster process development, and better yield for less contamination. The sequence of dual-arm cluster tools is a complex logistics process during the semiconductor production. Efficient use of cluster tools is naturally very significant to competitive fab operations. Generating an optimized sequence in a computationally efficient manner and assessing the quality of the requirements to improve the fab production are the key factors for semiconductor manufacturing productivity. The Petri net modeling is introduced to minimize the makespan of the process for the three different logical modes and select a better mode after comparing the makespan among the three logical modes. The tool sequence optimization problem is formulated as optimization firing transition sequences based on the Petri net and then the formulation is converted to be linearly solved by the branch-and-cut method in the standard commercial solver CPLEX. Special methods for the linear conversion are highlighted. Due to the limited calculation time requirement for the real production and the large scale of the problem, special methods for the efficiency tuning are applied according to the characteristics of the problem. Numerical testing is supported by one of the most advanced semiconductor enterprises and the computational results show significant improvement compared with the traditional manual sequence results.     

Optimal linear phase finite impulse response band pass filter design using craziness based particle swarm optimization algorithm

An efficient method is proposed for the design of finite impulse response (FIR) filter with arbitrary pass band edge, stop band edge frequencies and transition width. The proposed FIR band stop filter is designed using craziness based particle swarm optimization (CRPSO) approach. Given the filter specifications to be realized, the CRPSO algorithm generates a set of optimal filter coefficients and tries to meet the ideal frequency response characteristics. In this paper, for the given problem, the realizations of the optimal FIR band pass filters of different orders have been performed. The simulation results have been compared with those obtained by the well accepted evolutionary algorithms, such as Parks and McClellan algorithm (PMA), genetic algorithm (GA) and classical particle swarm optimization (PSO). Several numerical design examples justify that the proposed optimal filter design approach using CRPSO outperforms PMA and PSO, not only in the accuracy of the designed filter but also in the convergence speed and solution quality.     

坡地基上粉煤灰路堤稳定性分析

结合正在建设的遵毕高速公路的工程实际,使用PLAXIS有限元软件对影响斜坡地基上纯粉煤灰路堤稳定性的地基参数进行分析以期获得合理的计算参数,为类似工程中路堤的稳定性分析及地基参数选取提供参考。     

大型飞机作用下跑道加铺层的结构响应

为了分析机场跑道加铺道面结构在大型飞机多轮荷载作用下的空间响应规律,明确分析模型的合理计算范围和边界条件,应用大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS,建立了沥青混凝土加铺结构三维有限元模型.通过分析B747-400ER和A380-800等大型飞机多种轮载组合方式作用下的道面结构响应规律,以应力收敛为依据,确定了两种大型飞机的最不利荷载组合和分析模型规模:B747-400ER可采用后8轮组作为飞机最不利荷载组合,A380-800可采用3轴双轮6轮组作为飞机最不利荷载组合,道面结构模型平面尺寸应不小于15m×15m.     

Joint user and antenna selection for multiuser MIMO downlink with block diagonalization

User selection is necessary for multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink systems with block diagonalization (BD) due to the limited free spatial transmit dimensions. The pure user selection algorithms can be improved by performing receive antenna selection (RAS) to increase sum rate. In this paper, a joint user and antenna selection algorithm, which performs user selection for sum rate maximization in the first stage and then performs antenna selection in the second stage, is proposed. The antenna selection process alternately drops one antenna with the poorest channel quality based on maximum determinant ranking (MDR) from the users selected during the first stage and activates one antenna with the maximum norm of projected channel from the remaining users. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the algorithm only performing user selection as well as the algorithm combining user selection with MDR receive antenna selection in terms of sum rate.     

主动来流模拟技术试验研究

随着现代大跨度桥梁不断向长大化方向发展,风荷载作用越来越突出,风洞试验作为研究的最重要手段需要精细化,以准确模拟自然风特性。本文在充分调研基础上,进行主动来流模拟技术研究,基于主动控制风洞,制作主动振动机翼,调整不同来流的能量分配,实现了多点来流风速与气动力分量等试验数据实时同步采集,提出空间同步转换法,解决了试验模型处流场真实状况准确测试问题,充分模拟多项气动力,为更加精细化分析提供有效的方法和手段。利用主来流模拟技术,通过数值分析,从理论上对窄带谱、宽带谱来流的空间相关性进行研究,分析解释了部分典型气动力现象,得到有意义结论,为深入研究提供参考资料。