某商用车散热器面罩开裂分析与改进

为解决散热器面罩开裂问题,提出了焊点优化方案和散热器面罩加强板外置/加强板内置方案,并进行了模块化设计,制定了2组改进措施。有限元分析结果表明:2种改进措施与原状态相比,均有良好应力改善效果,满足应力要求。     

SLG6140HH型客车设计

论述SLG6140HH型客车的造型特点、车身结构特点及主要技术参数。     

盾构隧道近距离旁穿地面建筑物的模拟分析

针对越来越多的盾构隧道需要穿越地面建筑物的情况,对施工过程进行有限元模拟分析,包括计算参数的选取、计算工况的分析,根据分析结果,确定掘进施工参数和邻近建筑物的保护措施;在后续盾构在掘进过程中,加强地面和洞内的施工监测,做好施工的动态信息化管理,确保盾构顺利穿越地面建筑物.     

吸气式烟雾探测报警技术在地铁中的适用性

分析点式感烟探测器、缆式线型定温探测器、红外光束感烟探测器在地铁电缆夹层、高大的车库空间、装修方案复杂的车站站厅公共区、站台公共区等场合应用的不足,通过对吸气式烟雾探测技术与传统的火灾探测器在地铁环境中的应用特点进行对比分析,说明吸气式烟雾探测系统具有安装灵活、易维护等特点,推荐在地铁上述重要或特殊场所采用吸气式烟雾探测报警技术.     

Characteristics analysis for travel behavior of transportation hub passengers using mobile phone data

The travel behavior of passengers from the transportation hub within the city area is critical for travel demand analysis, security monitoring, and supporting traffic facilities designing. However, the traditional methods used to study the travel behavior of the passengers inside the city are time and labor consuming. The records of the cellular communication provide a potential huge data source for this study to follow the movement of passengers. This study focuses on the passengers’ travel behavior of the Hongqiao transportation hub in Shanghai, China, utilizing the mobile phone data. First, a systematic and novel method is presented to extract the trip information from the mobile phone data. Several key travel characteristics of passengers, including passengers traveling inside the city and between cities, are analyzed and compared. The results show that the proposed method is effective to obtain the travel trajectories of mobile phone users. Besides, the travel behavior of incity passengers and external passengers are quite different. Then, the correlation analysis of the passengers’ travel trajectories is provided to research the availability of the comprehensive area. Moreover, the results of the correlation analysis further indicate that the comprehensive area of the Hongqiao hub plays a relatively important role in passengers’ daily travel.

     

Impacts of urban built environment on empty taxi trips using limited geolocation data

This study identifies the determinants of the empty taxi trip duration (ETTD) by combining three high-resolution databases—geolocation data in New York City, geodatabase of urban planning data, and transportation facilities data. Considering the nature of duration data, hazard-based duration model is proposed to explore the relationships between causal factors and ETTD, coupling with three variations of baseline hazard distribution, i.e., Weibull distribution with heterogeneity, Weibull distribution, and log-logistic. Furthermore, the likelihood ratio test is presented to implement comparisons of three baseline hazard distributions, as well as spatial and temporal transferability of causal factors. The results show significant complementary effects by subway system and competitive effects by city bus and bicycling system, as well as significant impacts of trip length, airport trip, average annual income, and employment rate. Urban built environment, for instance, density of road, public facilities, and recreational sites and ratio of green space, has various impacts on ETTD. The elasticity estimations confirm significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity in impacts on ETTD. In addition, the analysis on elasticity also reveals the considerable impacts of severe traffic congestion on ETTD within Manhattan. The modeling can assist stakeholders in understanding empty taxi movements and measuring taxi system efficiency in urban areas.     

某地下洞室群分步开挖支护的非连续变形分析

文章分别从岩体的分步支护以及相应的收敛准则两方面对已有的非连续变形分析程序进行了改进,并应用改进的程序分析了含有随机节理的某大型水电站地下洞室群的围岩稳定问题,着重研究了施工因素的影响,突出了对分步开挖支护过程的模拟计算分析,并且通过与实际工程监测值的比较,验证了该方法的有效性。通过围岩破坏区深度和关键点的位移比较了三大洞室(主厂房,主变室,尾调室)不同的开挖顺序对围岩稳定性的影响和重点支护的关键部位,并对支护方案进行了优化。研究结果表明,此工程中先开挖主厂房与尾调室,再开挖主变室为最优开挖顺序,并且尾水调压室为洞室群支护的关键部位,可以通过在关键位置增加锚索支护的方式改善其围岩的应力状态。     

大倾角中厚煤层软弱顶底板柔性护巷技术

在大倾角中厚煤层沿空留巷中,以往的支护方式难以满足大倾角中厚煤层巷道特殊的围岩结构稳定的需要,同时无法适应工作面内矸石垮落造成留巷困难。文章针对这一难题,首次提出并采用了"柔性护巷"技术,通过利用巷道上帮形成的由垮落矸石堆积在特制钢筋网上的"包护带",允许巷道顶板有一定的下沉量,从而使矸石充分为巷道顶板组合岩梁结构提供支撑力。在总结其施工工艺的基础上,通过现场试验,研究了巷道矿压显现规律、顶板移动规律、矸石垮落堆积规律和钢筋网变形规律;实验结果表明,在利用锚、网、索、支柱联合支护的基础上,应用"柔性护巷"技术能有效地解决大倾角中厚煤层沿空留巷技术难题。     

模拟计算法在重型车辆燃油经济性标准中的应用研究

随着节能减排压力的日益严重,世界各国均开始制定重型车辆的燃油经济性标准。在对重型车燃油经济性的测量方面,模拟计算法由于操作简单、可重复性好、成本低的优点越来越受到行业的重视,在日本、中国和美国的标准中都得到了应用。本文在分析模拟计算法测量车辆燃油经济性的原理基础上,对比研究了日本、中国和美国标准中模拟计算法的应用情况,分析了各国在模拟计算法关键环节上策略的异同。