基于城市主干路交通流数据的跟驰模型标定

根据某种机理建立的交通流模型需要通过模型标定和验证后才能具体应用到实际中.通过采用视频处理技术,对陕西省西安市二环主干路和浙江省舟山市昌洲大道上上下高峰时期内的车辆微观运动录像进行技术处理,提取得到了包括位移、速度和加速度的车辆微观运动轨迹数据.根据这些交通流数据,采用Levnberg-Marquardt算法,分别对跟驰理论中2个典型的跟驰模型,即惯性模型中的敏感系数、安全时间间隔、最小安全车间距、允许速度和智能驾驶人模型中的理想速度、安全时间间隔、静止安全距离、启步加速度和舒适加速度进行了标定和验证.针对惯性模型,当允许速度大于实际速度时,位移均方差和速度均方差的平均值分别为2.8m和0.58 m/s,当允许速度小于实际速度时,位移均方差和速度均方差的平均值分别为2.22m和0.49 m/s;针对智能驾驶人模型,利用早、中、晚3组数据进行标定,得到的位移均方差和速度均方差的平均值分别为0.12m和0.10 m/s,0.07m和0.10 m/s,0.75m和0.27 m/s.因此,惯性模型与智能驾驶人模型都可用于描述城市主干路近饱和状态(即跟随车辆的最大速度远小于允许速度的行驶状态)下的车辆跟驰行为,而且当智能驾驶人模型中的加速度指数取较大的值时,它较前者更为适合.      

Formation of nanometer coherent structures during spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys

The nanometer coherent structure evolution of spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys is investigated by the microscopic phase field kinetic model. The results show that the concentration and long-range order parameters all continuously change towards to their equilibrium values during phase transformation. With the increase of elastic interaction energy, the anisotropy along [01] or [10] elastic soft direction is more obvious and the time reaching equilibrium state is also shortened. According to the results, the formation of nanometer coherent structures during phase transformation is composed of the initial decreasing stage of order degree stage, the incubation stage, the continuous increasing stage of concentration order parameter and long-range order parameter, and the later stable stage. The spinodal decomposition and ordering is interaction; the initial ordering stage is a necessary condition of the coexistence phase transformation. The nanometer coherent structures are not found to grow during the whole phase transformation. The simulation results are in accordance with the results in experiment obtained by the aging treatment in Fe-24Al alloys.     

Experimental study on mechanical properties of weathered rock covered by loess

Based on dynamic triaxial test, the mechanical properties of the weathered rock covered by loess were studied. The cohesion value of weathered mudstone is far below that of the weathered sandstone, while the internal friction angle values are basically equivalent, about 30°. Compared with the undisturbed sample, the cohesion value of remodeling weathered rock sample decreases significantly. With the increase of moisture content, the strength of weathered mudstone is obviously decreased due to the influence of the water softening effect. This results illustrate that the bearing stratum is not easily affected by external disturbance in comparison to weathered mudstone. In the engineering, in order to ensure the good mechanical properties of the soil, more attention should be paid to keeping the water content constant, even to reducing the water content. The experiments show that the relations between shear stress and strain of weathered rock were nonlinear and the behavior of weathered rock can be expressed by the hyperbolic model. The initial modulus of undisturbed weathered rock, under the same consolidation conditions, is much greater than that of remodeling samples. Meanwhile, the initial dynamic elastic modulus of sandstone is also greater than that of the mudstone. The dynamic shear modulus ratios of the undisturbed sandstone, the undisturbed mudstone, as well as the remodeling mudstone have the normalization characteristics with the increase of dynamic shear strain. The damping ratio of mudstone is larger than that of the sandstone, and the damping ratio of remolding sample is also greater than that of the undisturbed mudstone. The mudstone has the bad mechanical properties as bearing stratum.     

课程改革引领下的汽车专业实训基地建设探讨

<正>实训基地建设是职业院校基础能力建设的重要组成部分,是职业院校培养技术技能型专门人才的必备条件。以课改思想来指导实训基地建设,以"七个合一"课改理念来组织实训基地建设,必将推动职业院校又好又快发展,为地方经济发展提供高素质劳动者和优秀专业人才。2005年江苏省教育厅制定出台了《江苏省职业教育课程改革行动计划》,标志着新一轮江苏职业教育课程改革工     

吊舱式电力推进船舶螺旋桨匹配设计仿真研究

在国内,吊舱推进器的设计还处于理论起步阶段,尤其是吊舱推进器螺旋桨,其设计方法尚未成熟,而螺旋桨的设计对于整个推进系统推进性能的影响又尤为关键,关系到船—机—桨匹配的综合推进性能。为此,采用常规螺旋桨敞水特性图谱等效设计POD螺旋桨参数的方法对吊舱推进器螺旋桨进行设计,分析吊舱式推进船舶船—机—桨的匹配性能。为了提高设计效率及优化推进系统的推进性能,针对吊舱式电力推进船舶,采用常规螺旋桨等效设计方法设计POD螺旋桨参数,同时基于LabVIEW图形化编程语言开发船—机—桨匹配数值分析软件以对设计参数进行静态匹配计算,并与母船的推进效率进行对比,选取最优化的螺旋桨参数作为POD螺旋桨参数,以优化推进效率。研究结果表明：采用常规螺旋桨等效设计方法设计POD螺旋桨参数的方案,同时结合开发的船—机—桨匹配数值仿真分析平台,可以方便、快捷地对吊舱式推进船舶进行船—机—桨匹配分析计算比较,提高推进性能。     

堆石混凝土技术在水运工程中的应用

堆石混凝土技术以其低水化热、施工工艺简便、施工效率高、施工质量高等优势广泛应用在水利水电工程混凝土结构施工中,但在水运工程存在有大体积混凝土结构部位（如胸墙）中却很少得到应用。文中以黄骅港围堰二期工程为例,从施工方案设计、综合评定分析等方面介绍了堆石混凝土技术在该工程中的成功运用,优势明显。本工程也为堆石混凝土技术应用在水运工程敲开了大门,前景宽广。     

铁路分局货车动态分析系统

针对铁路分局货车统计的现状,设计开发了站-段-分局三级统计应用系统,实现了分局货车甩挂、在途和运行分析等的计算机处理,同时为通用系统提供了统计数据源.     

关于公路桥梁日常养护管理的思考

长期以采,我国公路桥梁管理中一直存在着"重建设、轻养护"这个问题.由于日常养护管理不到位,在日趋增大的车辆荷栽作用下,很多桥梁技术状况快速下降.针对由伸缩缝引发的桥梁典型病害进行分析,提出加强日常养护管理的建议,对于公路桥梁的日常养护管理具有参考价值.     

20年用爱润育着一个生命奇迹——中国新疆民族团结边陲稳定系列报道之一

新疆是一个多民族同呼吸,共命运的民族区域自治省区。新疆各民族相互依存、共同生活,民族大团结已成为新疆各民族不可分割的重要组成部分,也成为祖国西北边陲安全稳定的一个重要内容。4月23日至30日,由新疆自治区新闻办组织的以新疆民族团结为主题的中央及香港新闻媒体记者采访团,历时8天,途经6县2市,每到一处都有震撼记者心灵的感人故事。     

71146部队着力抓好车辆装备 新一轮“两成两力”建设

近年来,71146部队车辆装备部门按照“抓普查整治,全面恢复装备战、技性能抓全寿命管理,着力提高装备完好率;抓资源整合,充分挖掘装备保障潜力;抓实战训练,整体提升装备保障能力”的方法路子,以新装备保障资源系统配套和老旧装备恢复保持战、技性能为重点,大力加强新一轮车辆装备“两成两力”建设