考虑不确定性因素的路径优化(英文)

A route optimization methodology in the frame of an onboard decision support/guidance system for the ship’s master has been developed and is presented in this paper.The method aims at the minimization of the fuel voyage cost and the risks related to the ship’s seakeeping performance expected to be within acceptable limits of voyage duration.Parts of this methodology were implemented by interfacing alternative probability assessment methods,such as Monte Carlo,first order reliability method(FORM) and second order reliability method(SORM),and a 3-D seakeeping code,including a software tool for the calculation of the added resistance in waves of NTUA-SDL.The entire system was integrated within the probabilistic analysis software PROBAN.Two of the main modules for the calculation of added resistance and the probabilistic assessment for the considered seakeeping hazards with respect to exceedance levels of predefined threshold values are herein elaborated and validation studies proved their efficiency in view of their implementation into an on-board optimization system.     

双平面焊接圆管截面DKT节点的中心撑杆鞍点及冠点位置的应力集中系数(英文)

A set of parametric stress analyses was carried out for two-planar tubular DKT-joints under different axial loading conditions.The analysis results were used to present general remarks on the effects of the geometrical parameters on stress concentration factors(SCFs) at the inner saddle,outer saddle,and crown positions on the central brace.Based on results of finite element(FE) analysis and through nonlinear regression analysis,a new set of SCF parametric equations was established for fatigue design purposes.An assessment study of equations was conducted against the experimental data and original SCF database.The satisfaction of acceptance criteria proposed by the UK Department of Energy(UK DoE) was also checked.Results of parametric study showed that highly remarkable differences exist between the SCF values in a multi-planar DKT-joint and the corresponding SCFs in an equivalent uni-planar KT-joint having the same geometrical properties.It can be clearly concluded from this observation that using the equations proposed for uni-planar KT-connections to compute the SCFs in multi-planar DKT-joints will lead to either considerably under-predicting or over-predicting results.Hence,it is necessary to develop SCF formulae specially designed for multi-planar DKT-joints.Good results of equation assessment according to UK DoE acceptance criteria,high values of correlation coefficients,and the satisfactory agreement between the predictions of the proposed equations and the experimental data guarantee the accuracy of the equations.Therefore,the developed equations can be reliably used for fatigue design of offshore structures.     

采用微气泡缩减高速船拖曳阻力(英文)

Ship hull form of the underwater area strongly influences the resistance of the ship.The major factor in ship resistance is skin friction resistance.Bulbous bows,polymer paint,water repellent paint(highly water-repellent wall),air injection,and specific roughness have been used by researchers as an attempt to obtain the resistance reduction and operation efficiency of ships.Micro-bubble injection is a promising technique for lowering frictional resistance.The injected air bubbles are supposed to somehow modify the energy inside the turbulent boundary layer and thereby lower the skin friction.The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of injected micro bubbles on a navy fast patrol boat(FPB) 57 m type model with the following main dimensions:L=2 450 mm,B=400 mm,and T=190 mm.The influence of the location of micro bubble injection and bubble velocity was also investigated.The ship model was pulled by an electric motor whose speed could be varied and adjusted.The ship model resistance was precisely measured by a load cell transducer.Comparison of ship resistance with and without micro-bubble injection was shown on a graph as a function of the drag coefficient and Froude number.It was shown that micro bubble injection behind the mid-ship is the best location to achieve the most effective drag reduction,and the drag reduction caused by the micro-bubbles can reach 6%-9%.     

新版《海船船员适任考试和发证规则》主要修订内容解析

交通运输部于2011年第12次部务会议审议通过了新的《海船船员适任考试和发证规则》,该规则自2012年3月1日起施行。分析新规则产生的背景,并对调整较大的内容,如学历要求、适任证书航区和等级、职务、证书再有效的条件、证书补发条件、其他船员申请海员适任证书规定、适用于液货船适任证书的条件、普通船员适任证书的有效期、考试科目等,进行相应的阐述和说明,可为较好理解新规则和新政策提供一定的帮助和指导。     

新版《海船船员适任考试和发证规则》主要调整内容述评

对2011年12月27日颁布的《中华人民共和国海船船员适任考试和发证规则》(交通运输部令2011年第12号)调整的主要内容,如证书、航区、有关机构的责任、承认签证、非航海类毕业生海员培训等进行相应的分析和说明,可为较好理解新规则和新政策提供有益的帮助和指导。     

从船旗国监督检查浅谈普通货船营运检验

在船旗国监督检查中,对于涉及到船舶安全的重大缺陷或重大不符合项,一般对船舶作滞留处理。本文从船舶滞留的原因出发,分析与船舶检验有关的内容,为验船人员在普通货船检验时提供一定的参考。     

城市发展规划中快—慢交通一体化研究

通过分析国内慢行交通系统现状,借鉴欧、美等国外先进经验,综合考虑时间与距离等影响因素,采用分担曲线模型对慢行交通进行需求预测分析,研究了快—慢交通换乘时间、距离关系及其有效结合与衔接的途径;提出了城市商业区、风景区等不同性质区域的交通规划,探讨了快—慢交通一体化交通组织模式.     

新干线车辆检修数据的应用与今后的发展方向

日本东海道新干线高速车辆逐步升级改造为700系、N700系、N700A系车辆,与车辆升级改造相对应的监测技术也获得了发展,能够从运行中的车辆上采集的数据大幅度增加。介绍了东海铁路客运公司在运用各种不同的车辆数据、构建车辆的预防性维修保养、扩展设备老化诊断技术平台的措施所取得的成效,也描述了今后的发展前景。     

铝锂合金激光焊接时采用添加材料的效果

本文研究了B-1461和B-1469铝锂合金用激光焊方法完成焊接接头的组织形成特点和性能。业已证明,使用经稀土金属合金化的Al-Cu系添加材料,可以改善焊缝的成型,降低沿晶界形成气孔型缺陷的概率,提高焊接接头的机械性能。对焊接接头进行完全热处理可以保证提高它们的强度性能至基体金属强度的0.9。