上软下硬地层大直径土压平衡盾构下穿民房建筑群沉降控制北大核心CSCD

依托广州地铁18号线盾构施工,针对其地层分布复杂、软硬差异大及穿越密集民房建筑群等特点,通过注浆加固、现场动态监测、优化掘进参数等一系列主动措施,解决实际工程中掘进参数合理取值与地表建筑沉降变形控制两大难题。研究结果表明:(1)在该类软硬地层中掘进时,刀盘在通过不同岩层断面分界线时扭矩、推力等参数波动较大,总推力与扭矩有良好的相关性,各掘进参数宜控制为:推力30000~35000 kN、扭矩4500~6000 kN·m、推进速度35~45 mm/min;(2)提出的多段式封孔洞内超前注浆工艺可使刀盘前18 m范围内的地表上抬3~5 mm,最大上抬值能达9.02 mm,同时能缓解土体在盾构下穿时及后续固结稳定的沉降趋势;(3)因刀具磨损、掘进参数波动大、螺旋机卡死等引起的临时停机会造成地表建筑日沉降速率超过3 mm/d,在预设停机点位置前采取洞内超前注浆和克泥效工法能有效缓解沉降趋势,在带压开舱期间日沉降速率控制在2 mm/d以下;(4)左右隧道轴线附近的地表建筑沉降基本可分为“微小隆起—沉降较大—逐渐稳定”三个阶段,测点最大沉降值最终稳定在-21.38 mm、-22.49 mm,均小于控制值。     

Application of an improved EEMD method in bearing fault diagnosis of induction motors北大核心CSCD

[Objective]In order to overcome the disadvantages of the traditional ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method in selecting parameters (integration time and white noise amplitude coefficient) based on experience, and reduce the cost of calculation time, a fast ensemble empirical mode decomposition (FEEMD) method is used to extract the characteristic frequency. [Method]By changing the distribution density of the added white noise, different signal envelopes can be obtained. Furthermore, we can identify the optimal envelope by finding the optimal search window width of the moving mean filter, thereby avoiding the defect of EEMD selecting parameters by experience. At the same time, after the abnormal component in the signal is decomposed, the residual component can be decomposed by EMD to further save the calculation time cost. Finally, the method is combined with Hilbert envelope demodulation technology and applied to the fault characteristic frequency diagnosis of the bearing inner ring of an asynchronous motor. [Results]As the results show, compared with the traditional EEMD method, FEEMD can extract the fault frequency more efficiently. [Conclusion]FEEMD overcomes the disadvantages of the traditional EEMD method in selecting parameters based on experience and shortens the calculation time. As such, it can be effectively applied in bearing fault frequency extraction experiments. © The Author(s) 2022.     

采用自动识别系统对水下输气管线、离岸平台和船舶检验评分的实时监测（英文）

The aim of this research is to develop an algorithm and application that can perform real-time monitoring of the safety operation of offshore platforms and subsea gas pipelines as well as determine the need for ship inspection using data obtained from automatic identification system(AIS). The research also focuses on the integration of shipping database,AIS data, and others to develop a prototype for designing a real-time monitoring system of offshore platforms and pipelines. A simple concept is used in the development of this prototype, which is achieved by using an overlaying map that outlines the coordinates of the offshore platform and subsea gas pipeline with the ship's coordinates(longitude/latitude) as detected by AIS. Using such information, we can then build an early warning system(EWS) relayed through short message service(SMS), email, or other means when the ship enters the restricted and exclusion zone of platforms and pipelines. The ship inspection system is developed by combining several attributes. Then, decision analysis software is employed to prioritize the vessel's four attributes, including ship age, ship type, classification, and flag state.Results show that the EWS can increase the safety level of offshore platforms and pipelines, as well as the efficient use of patrol boats in monitoring the safety of the facilities. Meanwhile, ship inspection enables the port to prioritize the ship to be inspected in accordance with the priority ranking inspection score.     

Residual stress distributions in ship hull specimens

This paper provides an in-depth study of residual stress distributions found in stiffened steel plate structures, such as those typically used in ship hulls. The effect of stiffener spacing on the distribution of residual stress components was studied. The welding heat input was also varied between high and moderate to study the effect of heat input level on residual stress distributions. Four specimens, resembling typical stiffened steel plate structures used in ship hulls were built and tested. Steel plates of 9.5 mm thickness were stiffened by welding L127 × 76 × 9.5 steel angles. The test was completed using the neutron diffraction method. The three normal components of residual stress were obtained in this study. It was found that a lower heat input results in higher tensile residual stress and that there exists a critical stiffener spacing somewhere beyond 250 mm that creates a maximum tensile residual stress value near the welded connection.     

Performance evaluations of LED headlamps

Due to rapid progress in LED (Light Emitting Diode) technology, LEDs have become increasingly prevalent in applications to automotive lighting. This paper studies recent trends of LED headlamps along with various experiments regarding photometric characteristics, glare, and visibility. Experimental results are compared to those of halogen and HID (high intensity discharge) headlamps. LED headlamps are found to be still inferior to conventional headlamps with respect to glare. However, many properties of LED headlamps (luminous intensity, beam width, energy efficiency, and design) are competitive with halogen and HID headlamps. The findings in this investigation will henceforth be reported to the Korean Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (KMVSS).     

The vehicle emissions and performance monitoring system: analysis of tailpipe emissions and vehicle performance

This paper describes tailpipe emission results generated by the Vehicle Performance and Emissions Monitoring system (VPEMS). VPEMS integrates on‐board emissions and vehicle/driver performance measurements with positioning and communications technologies, to transmit a coherent spatio‐temporally referenced dataset to a central base station in near real time. These results focus on relationships between tailpipe emissions of CO, CO₂, NO_x and speed and acceleration. Emissions produced by different driving modes are also presented. Results are generally as one would expect, showing variation between vehicle speed, vehicle acceleration and emissions. Data is based upon a test run in central London on urban streets with speeds not exceeding about 65 km/h. The results presented demonstrate the capabilities of the system. Various issues remain with regard to validation of the data and expansion of the system capability to obtain additional vehicle performance data.     

A review of the European Union shipping policy

It is the aim of the European Union to develop a transport policy that supports its economic and sustainable growth and where the concept of sustainable mobility is a driver in the development of such policy. To achieve this goal, the European Union (EU) is promoting the shift of goods to unused existing capacity in rail and sea modes. As such, it is the objective of this paper to carry out a review of the European shipping policy at a time when the EU Member-States are suffering from high levels of congestion, noise and pollution that not only affect the environment but also the quality of life of all citizens. This paper considers the development of EU shipping policy in three stages.     

A coastal commissioner's perspective: Choosing between what the law says and what the law allows

One of our greatest recreation resources—the seashore—is rapidly vanishing from public use. Nearly everyone seems to know this fact but few do anything to halt the trend.