基于设备画像的机车标签体系构建方法研究

机车是铁路运输生产的重要牵引设备,通过整合利用机车各类数据,构建基于设备画像的机车标签体系,有利于客观、全面地掌握机车质量状态,实现机车的精准画像、差异化运维和精细化管理。本文通过总结机车设备画像的概念和标签技术的相关理论知识,提出满足机车质量分析、运维优化及安全决策等多个应用场景的机车设备画像3级标签体系技术架构,全面分析所包含的数据采集层、标签库层和标签应用层,详细阐释机车各级标签的内容及其生成、管理、优化和分析流程,形成机车设备画像研究方法。针对聚类这一标签的产生方式,通过改进K-means聚类算法的初始质心选取方法,提高标签获取的精度和稳定性。并在某铁路局开展机车设备画像实地应用研究,形成完整可行的机车标签体系。     

高速公路交通事故空间分布特征及防控对策研究

高速公路由于车速快、车流量大等原因很容易形成交通事故,为深入研究高速公路交通事故空间分布规律及相关特征因素,利用空间缓冲区方法和二元逻辑回归模型,分析内蒙古G65高速公路交通事故在不同条件下的空间分布特征,以及影响交通事故分布的显著性因素.结果表明:高速公路交通事故主要分布于服务区、收费站、超限站及临近路段,且道路沿线城市的发展状况、车流量、交通组成特点及旅游景区的分布对交通事故的空间分布具有重要影响,而在不同条件下交通事故的空间分布具有明显的差异性和不同特征.此外,交通事故的严重程度与事故发生时段、事故形态以及交通拥堵程度密切相关.最后,根据分析结果有针对性地提出交通事故预防管控措施.     

公路建设与环境保护之浅见

做好环境保护工作,已成为公路建设中不可缺少的重要环节.本节从公路建设对环境的影响入手,提出了环境保护工作的改进措施,旨在大家都来关心和参与到环境保护中来.     

玄武岩台地前缘环形路基高挡墙变形处治研究

玄武岩台地前缘是地质灾害较为发育的区域。 某玄武岩台地前缘一路基高挡墙, 受雨季墙后地下水水位快速上升的影响, 发生了较大的变形, 地下水成为挡墙变形破坏的主要因素之一。 本文通过详细的工程地质和水文地质勘察, 对挡墙下方地下水的来源以及挡墙的变形破坏机理进行了分析。 在此基础上, 综合考虑各方面因素, 提出了 “框格锚索+反压+排水” 的处治方案, 处治后的路基稳定性计算结果满足相关规范要求。 为解决复杂地层下弧形挡墙锚索设置易串孔及锚固段深度难保证的问题, 通过建立三维地质模型和设计模型, 确保锚索的入岩深度大于 9m、 锚索间距大于 3m。 竣工后该路基稳定性较好, 表明该处治方案的合理性和可靠性。     

新型高流动混凝土砂浆材料的研制

介绍了新型高流动性混凝土砂浆粉体成分及浆体配制方法,分析了不同配比条件下砂浆的性能,得出了实用于工程实践的最佳砂浆配制方法。     

Research and application of pre-bending automatic control models of 100m rail

Repeated bending occurs toward the direction of rail head and rail base during the cooling which can lead to significant bending deformation and residual stress after cooling. The longer the rail is, the more obvious this phenomenon is. In addition to cooling function, a kind of cooling bed with a pre-bending process is used in order to solve this problem on 100m rail. The synchronous movements on this cooling bed can be realized by the automatic control system after establishing the mathematical model of bending deformation after rolling. The rail is reversely bent toward the rail base before cooling according to the pre-bending control of the pre-bending curve and is straight after cooling, which can realize the control of the residual stress after pre-bending and straightening. The straightening residual stress is significantly reduced after the pre-bending.     

数值模拟在嘉定蕴南中部地区引调水试运行准备工作中的应用

该文通过结合上海市嘉定区蕴南中部地区引调水试运行准备工作,主要阐述了数值模拟的发展现状,介绍了一维河网非恒定流的数值解法、主要步骤,并结合工程实际进行了模拟运算。     

A Study on the Emission Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds from a State-Ⅲ Diesel Engine

采用热脱附-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(TD-CC-MS)对国3柴油机排气中的挥发性有机物进行了分析.在国3柴油机不同转速和负荷下的排气中定性检出烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃等90余种挥发性有机物,且在VOC8中以碳数C5-C20的化合物为主,其中C8化合物排放比例最高,为9.81％～15.41％.试验结果表明,芳香烃中的苯、甲苯、对二甲苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、萘等排放量较高,其中排放水平最高的为甲苯;在相同转速下,苯乙烯的排放随着发动机负荷的增加而降低;而其他芳香烃则随着柴油机负荷的增加呈先降后增的变化趋势;在相同负荷下,多数芳香烃在中低负荷时随着发动机转速的增加而降低,但在高负荷时随发动机转速增加变化幅度很小.     

An optimal model-based trajectory following architecture synthesising the lateral adaptive preview strategy and longitudinal velocity planning for highly automated vehicle

Automated driving has received a broad of attentions from the academia and industry, since it is effective to greatly reduce the severity of potential traffic accidents and achieve the ultimate automobile safety and comfort. This paper presents an optimal model-based trajectory following architecture for highly automated vehicle in its driving tasks such as automated guidance or lane keeping, which includes a velocity-planning module, a steering controller and a velocity-tracking controller. The velocity-planning module considering the optimal time-consuming and passenger comforts simultaneously could generate a smooth velocity profile. The robust sliding mode control (SMC) steering controller with adaptive preview time strategy could not only track the target path well, but also avoid a big lateral acceleration occurred in its path-tracking progress due to a fuzzy-adaptive preview time mechanism introduced. In addition, an SMC controller with input–output linearisation method for velocity tracking is built and validated. Simulation results show this trajectory following architecture are effective and feasible for high automated driving vehicle, comparing with the Driver-in-the-Loop simulations performed by an experienced driver and novice driver, respectively. The simulation results demonstrate that the present trajectory following architecture could plan a satisfying longitudinal speed profile, track the target path well and safely when dealing with different road geometry structure, it ensures a good time efficiency and driving comfort simultaneously.     

改性沥青在机场道面的应用分析

针对我国改性沥青的研究现状和在机场道面中的应用情况，对改性沥青道面的技术要求、改性剂的选择、改性沥青加工方法、工程应用情况和影响改性沥青道面寿命的因素等问题进行了系统的分析探讨，其目的在于提高机场改性沥青道面的修建技术，保证施工质量，为机场沥青跑道的铺筑服务。