某富水断层隧道涌水治理方案优化分析及工程应用北大核心CSCD

以武九高速高楼山公路隧道为例,针对以断层破碎带为主控因素的隧道突水治理问题展开数值分析研究。基于FLAC 3D有限差分法及流固耦合分析原理,研究了导水洞排水、注浆堵水和排堵结合等不同治理方式对隧道涌水量及围岩稳定性的影响。结果表明:对于富水断层隧道发生A、B级别的大量涌水时,建议同时采取导水洞排水、注浆堵水的排堵结合措施,导水洞设置在近断层处,且与隧道相对距离为0.75(D+l),注浆圈厚度控制在7 m以内,注浆圈相对渗透系数比不超过10,既能降低涌水量,又能保证围岩的稳定性;对于C级涌水隧道,可采取注浆措施,注浆厚度不低于3 m,相对渗透系数不低于20;对于D级及以下涌水隧道,采取常规抽排水措施即可。     

Travellers’ perceptions of travel time reliability in the presence of rare events

Transportation - Travellers account for variability in transport system performance when they make choices about routes, modes and destinations. Modellers try to quantify travel time reliability...     

Spreading distinctive insignia benefits from mobile service: evidence from a mobile application of transportation

ABSTRACT

Mobile commerce (m-commerce) faces a growing array of client devices for which applications are designed. Applications developed for general consumer use must be compatible with a wide range of devices. This research investigates how perceived usefulness and enjoyment affect intention to use a mobile application service (T-Express). In this study, we formulate a commitment model from the perspective of the social identity and technology acceptance perspective. Empirical data were collected by conducting a field survey of users of T-Express from Taiwan High Speed Rail Corporation (THSRC) stations in Taiwan. The main findings of the study are that wireless technology provides great value to businesses when it allows consumers to access real-time data to make timely decisions that either decrease costs or increase revenues; and to achieve a higher intention to use mobile applications, there should be a clear communication process between mobile application and passenger. Our findings indicate that one of the more overt illustrations of the power of packaging symbolism involves package design strategies that serve to provide a radical new upscale positioning for the THSRC brand.     

铁路隧道衬砌施工自动浇筑振捣新技术北大核心CSCD

铁路隧道衬砌质量问题导致的衬砌背后空洞、开裂、掉块等病害会对铁路正常运营造成极大威胁,混凝土的浇筑和振捣是保证隧道衬砌质量的关键。为此,研发了一种隧道衬砌施工自动浇筑振捣新技术,以提升隧道衬砌质量。研究表明,自动旋转布料机逐窗浇筑技术每次换管时间仅为3~4 min,具有结构简单、操作方便、效果优良、安全可靠的特点,既加快了隧道衬砌进度,又保证了隧道衬砌质量;新型插入式振捣技术采用边墙自动提升插入式振捣技术和拱顶自动气动式插入振捣技术,可以有效地提高混凝土振捣效果;拱顶衬砌采用60°斜孔带压反向浇筑,与传统的拱顶浇筑方法相比,堵管次数、浇筑口模板变形次数都明显减少,混凝土浇筑质量得到了显著提升。     

Review of ship slamming loads and responses

The paper presents an overview of studies of slamming on ship structures. This work focuses on the hull slamming, which is one of the most important types of slamming problems to be considered in the ship design process and the assessment of the ship safety. There are three main research aspects related to the hull slamming phenomenon, a) where and how often a slamming event occurs, b) slamming load prediction and c) structural response due to slamming loads. The approaches used in each aspect are reviewed and commented, together with the presentation of some typical results. The methodology, which combines the seakeeping analysis and slamming load prediction, is discussed for the global analysis of the hull slamming of a ship in waves. Some physical phenomena during the slamming event are discussed also. Recommendations for the future research and developments are made.     

Numerical calculation of coupled damage effects on ship subjected to internal blast loading of warhead北大核心CSCD

［Objective］This paper studies the coupled damage effects of a ship's structure due to the internal blast loading of a warhead. ［Methods］Blast tests with cased charge data are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the coupled SPH-FEM approach, and numerical calculations are then performed on real ship compartment scale model tests to analyze the coupled fragmentation and shockwave damage effects of an explosion in a confined cabin.［Results］The results show that the fragments caused by the detonation of the warhead will first cause local damage to the cabin structure. The shockwave will exacerbate the local damage, and blasted openings will further increase the space for the propagation and diffusion of the shockwave inside the chamber, which will in turn cause damage to the adjacent structures. The simple equivalence of the warhead to a bare charge does not give a true picture of the effect of the warhead on the ship's structure, and fragmentation plays a significant role in the detonation of the warhead.［Conclusions］The results of this study show that employing the coupled SPH-FEM numerical method to calculate the coupling damage effects on a ship's structure can accurately reproduce the warhead damage pattern in tests, thereby providing support for the improved assessment of the damage of naval structures under warhead detonation. © 2022 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

高海拔隧道施工劳动强度与供氧浓度关系研究北大核心CSCD

为研究高海拔隧道施工人员供氧浓度问题,文章通过骑行试验得到了不同人员在海拔高度为590~4000 m,氧气浓度为20.9%~29%,骑行功率为0、50 W、75 W、100 W工况下的生理指标,得到测试对象的劳动强度指数,分析研究得到以下结论:(1)在同一海拔高度、相同劳动强度工况下,提升环境氧气浓度,可以显著降低人员劳动强度指数;(2)劳动强度指数的减少与氧气浓度的增加并不是线性关系,当环境氧气浓度超过25%时,劳动强度指数的降低程度有限;(3)拟合得到了劳动负荷为100 W且氧气浓度为20.9%~25%时施工人员的劳动强度指数与海拔高度及供氧浓度的关系式。     

Development and prospects of key technology for submarine atmospheric environment control北大核心CSCD

Air regeneration, harmful gas purification and atmospheric composition monitoring are the key technologies of submarine atmospheric environment control systems. After years of development, China has made great progress in such systems, which have developed from ensuring the safety requirements of submariner and equipment operation to ensuring the health of submariner and reliability of system for long-term underwater operation. This paper reviews the development history of submarine atmospheric environment control technologies and introduces their future development prospects. The developers of integrated atmospheric environment control technology should learn from foreign submarine and aerosphere equipment technologies, which aim to support long-term submerged operation and comfort demands, and better adapt to future submarine technology development and evolving mission, in order to constantly enhance the level of submarine cabin air quality of the Chinese navy. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

Applying Public Participation Geographic Information Systems for Coastal Wading Bird Conservation

Coastal estuaries in the northern Gulf of Mexico are important habitat for wading birds, but are threatened by land use and ecological changes. Conservation has been demonstrated to be more effective when stakeholders are included in the decision-making process. Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) facilitates the inclusion of stakeholder preferences in the planning process by allowing a direct spatial comparison with other ecological data. In this study, we used a PPGIS survey of residents of two counties on Alabama’s Gulf Coast to identify wading bird conservation hotspots as identified by local residents. Additionally, we assessed the ability of general public respondents to accurately identify wading bird habitat, determined whether participants associated wading bird habitat with particular land cover types, and examined whether respondents identified areas with high wading bird species richness. We found that respondents could accurately identify suitable wading bird habitat on a map of the study area, but underrepresented riparian forest, which is an important habitat for many wading bird species. Additionally, participants tended to prioritize areas that support higher wading bird species richness. Thus, this study demonstrated how PPGIS can function as an important tool for incorporating both stakeholder management preferences and identifying knowledge gaps.     

Revisiting urban hierarchy and specialization from a maritime perspective

ABSTRACT

Port–city relationships have attracted paramount attention from a variety of scientific disciplines for several decades, such as geography, history, planning, regional science, sociology, and economics to name but a few. Yet, the extent to which maritime traffic specialization obeys the same spatial distribution than other economic activities remains underexplored today. This article tackles these lacunae head-on by proposing an empirical analysis of the way vessel tonnage per main categories of flows (e.g. containers, bulks, passengers) coincides with the demographic size of the world’s coastal and inland city-regions, using novel data on global inter-port vessel movements and harmonized population data over the period 1977–2008. Our main results confirm that such traffic is far from being randomly distributed, as its volume, value, and diversity concentrate at the top of the urban hierarchy. This research motivates the need to further integrate physical connectivity into the study of cities and their development mechanisms.