基于PLC的模糊频载调节器设计

介绍可编程序控制器(PLC)实现船舶电站模糊调频调载的软硬件实现方法,采用离线计算、在线查表的方法在PLC上实现模糊控制,利用硬件在环仿真进行试验研究,结果表明,智能频载控制器具有较好的稳、动态性能。     

Hybrid process of fabricating high-quality micro wine-glass fused silica resonators

A new hybrid method, which combines improved glass-blown technology with wet etching, is reported to fabricate micro wine-glass resonators with high-quality fused silica. The optimum placement is compared to achieve the resonators with good shell shape. The typical shell diameter is about 4mm and its thickness covers from dozens to hundreds of micrometers. The etching rates in corrosion solutions with different ratios and at different thicknesses of hemispherical shells are studied. We also conclude how to precisely control the thickness. The corrosion solutions with different ratios of HF solution to NH₄F solution make the spherical shells rougher in different degrees. The best roughness is 0.581 nm in the 1: 8 ratio corrosion solution while the original roughness is 0.537 nm. This fact shows that the resonator remains atomically smooth surface. Based on the glassblowing spherical fused silica structure, the thickness of the resonator is effectively controlled by buffered oxide etch (BOE) technology according to the measured etching rate. The measured resonant frequency of the hemispherical shell at ambient pressure and room temperature is 1.75 kHz of rocking mode which is close to the simulated frequency. Using such a low-cost hybrid approach, we can fabricate high-quality microscale resonators in batch.     

山区漫水桥梁水毁调查分析及重建设计

重点阐述在涞水县7.21灾后公路恢复重建中，对桥梁水毁状况的调查分析以及工程重建设计要点，可为相关工作提供借鉴。     

Subjective-utility travel time budget modeling in the stochastic traffic network assignment

ABSTRACT

In this article, we propose a new model called subjective-utility travel time budget (SU-TTB) model to capture travelers' risk-averse route choices. In the travel time budget (TTB) and mean-excess travel time (METT) model, a predefined confidence level is needed to capture the risk-aversion in route choice. Due to the day-to-day route travel time variations, the exact confidence level is hard to be predicted. With the SU-TTB model, we assume travelers' confidence level belongs to an interval that they may comply with in the route choice. The two main components of SU-TTB are the utility function and the TTB model. We can show that the SU-TTB can be reduced to the TTB and METT model with proper utility function for the confidence levels. We can also prove its equivalence with our recently proposed nonlinear-expectation route travel time (NERTT) model in some cases and give some new interpretation on the NERTT with this equivalence. Finally, we formulate the SU-TTB model as a variational inequality (VI) problem to model the risk-averse user equilibrium (RAUE), termed as generalized RAUE (GRAUE). The GRAUE is solved via a heuristic gradient projection algorithm, and the model and solution algorithm are demonstrated with the Braess's traffic network and the Nguyen and Dupuis's traffic network.     

临海软弱地层超深工作井基坑受力与变形监测

某隧道暗挖段工作井基坑位于临海软弱地层,具有地质条件差、水位高、周边环境要求苛刻等不利条件。为确保超深基坑工程的安全,减小施工对周边环境的影响,施工对基坑开挖全过程进行了监测,得到了围护结构墙体竖向位移、基坑周边地表沉降、混凝土支撑轴力、测斜以及坑外水位的变化规律。通过分析监测数据,及时掌握基坑的安全状态,动态控制施工参数,确保了工程的顺利实施。     

波形钢腹板连续梁桥设计和施工相关问题探讨

大跨度波形钢腹板梁桥是一种新型桥梁结构,因其采用波形钢腹板替代混凝土腹板,相比传统的预应力混凝土连续梁桥,具有轻型、经济等诸多方面的特点。以前山河波形钢腹板连续梁桥为背景,针对设计和施工中的诸如内衬砼、剪力键、横隔板等相关问题进行了分析探讨。     

4缸柴油机停缸仿真及试验研究

采用停缸技术对小型4缸柴油机的燃油消耗率和排放进行了仿真和试验研究。利用GT-Power建立模型并模拟了停缸位置对燃油消耗率的影响,结合传热损失等因素确定了试验停缸位置。在断油式停缸和断油断气式停缸模式下进行试验和燃烧分析。试验结果表明:停缸后缸内等容度降低;断油式停缸后燃油消耗率和NOx增大但炭烟减少;断油断气式停缸后部分试验点燃油消耗率降低,但NOx和炭烟排放增加。     

VEGF-C、VEGFR-3和podoplanin在食管癌中的表达及其意义

目的观察血管内皮生长因子C(VEGF-C)及其受体3(VEGFR-3)和肾小球上皮细胞整合膜蛋白(podoplanin)在食管癌组织中的表达,分析其与肿瘤淋巴结转移的关系。方法免疫组织化学SP法检测76例食管癌组织中VEGF-C、VEGFR-3和podoplanin的表达及淋巴管密度(LVD)。结果食管癌VEGF-C表达阳性率为63.1%,VEGF-C的表达与食管癌的淋巴结转移、TNM分期有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05),但与患者年龄、肿瘤大小及分化程度无关;癌旁组织淋巴管密度同淋巴结转移、VEGF-C阳性表达间有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05),podo-planin LVD值与VEGFR-3 LVD值相比,具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论食管癌组织中VEGF-C表达与肿瘤TNM分期、淋巴管密度和淋巴结转移有关,VEGF-C表达越高,淋巴管密度越大,淋巴结转移可能性越高。癌旁组织LVD同VEGF-C的高表达及淋巴结转移密切相关,食管癌组织中podoplanin标记的淋巴管密度较VEGFR-3标记的淋巴管密度更为精确,是一种更为满意的淋巴管内皮特异性标志物。     

饲料加硼对摄入过量氟的实验大鼠骨损伤的预防作用

目的探讨饲料加硼对过量氟摄入的大鼠骨损伤的预防作用。方法24只4-5周龄Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠分为:对照组(喂饲基础饲料,饮蒸馏水)、过量氟组[喂饲基础饲料,饮含100mg/LF-(氟化钠221mg/L的蒸馏水)]、硼预防组(喂饲加硼饲料,饮含100mg/LF-的蒸馏水)。实验3月后测量大鼠血清氟、硼含量及血清碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,AKP)活性、骨氟和骨总RNA含量、胫骨纵径横径和干重及骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),并检测大鼠股骨生物力学特性。结果和对照组比较,过量氟组大鼠血清氟、骨氟含量和血清AKP活性显著增高;骨总RNA含量、全身骨骼平均BMD和胫骨BMD降低;胫骨纵径、横径和干重减小;股骨最大负荷减低,最大形变增加。相比过量氟组,硼预防组大鼠血清氟和骨氟含量及AKP活性明显下降;骨总RNA含量、全身骨骼平均BMD、腰椎和胫骨BMD显著增高;胫骨纵径、横径和干重,股骨最大负荷明显增加。3组大鼠血清硼含量无显著性差异。结论大鼠摄入过量氟可出现明显的骨损伤,饲料加硼对此有一定的预防作用。     

某商用车散热器面罩开裂分析与改进

为解决散热器面罩开裂问题,提出了焊点优化方案和散热器面罩加强板外置/加强板内置方案,并进行了模块化设计,制定了2组改进措施。有限元分析结果表明:2种改进措施与原状态相比,均有良好应力改善效果,满足应力要求。