尼古丁损伤大鼠肠系膜动脉内皮功能及卡托普利的干预作用

目的观察尼古丁对大鼠离体肠系膜动脉内皮依赖性舒张反应的影响以及卡托普利的干预作用。方法应用器官培养技术和离体血管环张力描记法,研究不同浓度的尼古丁(10-5、10-4、10-3mol/L)在有或无卡托普利(0.01、0.030、.1 mmol/L)的情况下,对培养24 h的成年SD大鼠肠系膜动脉环(1 mm)内皮依赖性舒张反应的影响。结果尼古丁呈浓度依赖性损伤乙酰胆碱(ACh)诱导的内皮依赖性血管舒张反应(P<0.01,与空白对照组比较)。卡托普利呈浓度依赖性改善尼古丁对血管内皮依赖性舒张反应的损害。低浓度时对尼古丁损伤没有明显影响,高浓度具有显著的保护作用(P<0.05,与尼古丁10-4mol/L组比较)。结论卡托普利对尼古丁所引起的血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

船舶避碰系统智能化构建

本文综述了船舶避碰系统领域中智能化研究的现状，主要介绍了模糊控制、神经网络、专家系统等智能方法在避碰系统中的应用以及现有的避碰设施和系统的构成。     

Study on collision between two ships using selected parameters in collision simulation

In the present analysis, several parameters used in a numerical simulation are investigated in an integrated study to obtain their influence on the process and results of this simulation. The parameters studied are element formulation, friction coefficient, and material model. Numerical simulations using the non-linear finite element method are conducted to produce virtual experimental data for several collision scenarios. Pattern and size damages caused by collision in a real accident case are assumed as real experimental data, and these are used to validate the method. The element model study performed indicates that the Belytschko-Tsay element formulation should be recommended for use in virtual experiments. It is recommended that the real value of the friction coefficient for materials involved is applied in simulations. For the study of the material model, the application of materials with high yield strength is recommended for use in the side hull structure.     

基于模糊集对分析的船舶能耗评估

针对船舶能耗评价中影响因素具有模糊性、不确定性和关联性等特点,在确定船舶能耗评价因素集的基础上,利用模糊集对分析方法将待评估船舶的能耗情况与理想情况组成一对集对,计算各级评价指标的同一度、对立度和差异度得到集对联系度。根据船舶能耗系统的联系度进行同异反态势评判,贴近度和不确定性分析,从而得到船舶能耗系统的综合评估。实例分析验证了将模糊集对分析应用于船舶能耗评估的有效性。     

The association between transit access and auto ownership: evidence from Guangzhou,China

In many developing countries, massive investment in transit infrastructure is concurrent with the proliferation of automobiles. Planners expect that investment can slow the growth of auto ownership. However, few studies have examined the relationships between transit access and auto ownership in developing countries, whereas research in developed countries offers mixed findings and the outcomes may not be applicable to developing countries. This study employs a random effect ordered probit model on data collected from Guangzhou residents in 2011–2012. We find that transit access is negatively associated with auto ownership, after controlling for demographics and other built environment variables. This result suggests that, although income is the dominant driver for auto ownership in growing developing countries, transit investment is a promising strategy to slow the growth of auto ownership. This study also highlights the importance of addressing spatial dependency in clustered data.     

涡轮增压发动机低辛烷值燃料的试验研究

研究基于一台2.3 L四缸的涡轮增压汽油机,国内的推荐燃油为RON95汽油。由于匹配该发动机的车型要出口伊朗,当地的燃油多为RON85汽油;因此,需要在台架上进行低辛烷值燃料的性能开发试验。试验中需要综合调整点火提前角(Spark advanced Angle,SA)、空燃比(Air Fuel Ratio,AFR)以及最大增压压力确保该发动机在任何工况下正常运行,且不发生爆震现象。结果表明:由于使用燃料的辛烷值降低,点火提前角普遍减小。而点火提前角的降低又会引起排气温度的升高,降低空燃比进行催化器保护。接近外特性工况下,通过降低最大增压压力,牺牲发动机的性能来确保其稳定运行。     

运用弹性系数法预测北京机动车保有量

综述了机动车保有量的预测方法,包括时间序列回归法、神经网络法、弹性系数法等,分析了不同方法的特点,给出了相关启示。结合北京经济发展趋势,运用弹性系数法对机动车保有量进行了预测。     

燃料电池汽车用DC/DC变换器的运用和发展

在新能源汽车领域中,DC/DC变换器广泛运用于能量交换、传输、转换以及其它各种基础设备。如何迅速推出高质量、高可靠性、低成本的DC/DC变换器电源以提高新能源汽车动力性能是一个值得关注的课题。文章对DC/DC变换器的市场热点做了一些分析,并从多个侧面浅析了DC/DC变换器市场的发展趋势。     

SLG6140HH型客车设计

论述SLG6140HH型客车的造型特点、车身结构特点及主要技术参数。     

低应变反射波法在基桩完整性检测中的应用

桩基的质量具有高度的隐蔽性,低应变反射波法作为基桩完整性无损检测方法之一,具有数据采集快速、方便,结果分析简单及费用较低等优点,被检测单位所采纳。简要介绍低应变反射波法的原理、桩身缺陷位置的确定、桩身完整性的判定以及一些典型波形的分析。