Effect of mass ratio on hydrodynamic response of a flexible cylinder

The effect of the mass ratio on the flow-induced vibration (FIV) of a flexible circular cylinder is experimentally investigated in a towing tank. A Tygon tube with outer and inner diameters of 7.9 mm and 4.8 mm, respectively, was employed for the study. The tube was connected to a carriage and towed from rest to a steady speed up to 1.6 m/s before slowing down to rest again over a distance of 1.6 m in still water. Reynolds number based on the cylinder’s outer diameter was 800–13,000, and the reduced velocity (velocity normalized by the cylinder’s natural frequency and outer diameter) spanned from 2 to 25. When connected, the cylinder was elongated from 420 mm to 460 mm under an axial pre-tension of 11 N. Based on the cylinder’s elongated length, the aspect ratio (ratio of the cylinder’s length to outer diameter) was calculated as 58. Three mass ratios (ratio of the cylinder’s structural mass to displaced fluid mass, m*) of 0.7, 1.0, and 3.4 were determined by filling the cylinder’s interior with air, water, and alloy powder (nickel-chromium-boron matrix alloy), respectively. An optical method was adopted for response measurements. Multi-frequency vibrations were observed in both in-line (IL) and cross-flow (CF) responses; at high Reynolds number, vibration modes up to the 3^rd one were identified in the CF response. The mode transition was found to occur at a lower reduced velocity for the highest tested mass ratio. The vibration amplitude and frequency were quantified and expressed with respect to the reduced velocity. A significant reduced vibration amplitude was found in the IL response with increasing mass ratios, and only initial and upper branches existed in the IL and CF response amplitudes. The normalized response frequencies were revealed to linearly increase with respect to the reduced velocity, and slopes for linear relations were found to be identical for the three cases tested.     

通信干扰目标威胁评估模型研究

对通信干扰目标进行科学威胁评估和排序是对通信目标干扰重要环节,是进行通信干扰资源任务分配的主要依据。TOPSIS方法简单明确,可以非常有效地对通信干扰目标进行威胁评估和排序。为通信干扰目标威胁评估提供了一种有效的、可靠的新途径。     

上海轨道交通5号线站点客流特征分析

城市轨道交通站点的客流特征是站点规划设计的重要依据.结合城市轨道交通站点客流的主要影响因素,在分析上海轨道交通5号线站点区位特征的基础上,通过站点问卷调查,分析总结了上海轨道交通5号线站点的客流特征.指出:客流出行目的分布与站点周围用地性质有关;客流到站方式与站点的接驳交通设施水平有密切关系;站点换乘设施的布局应结合区域客流的实际出行需求.