路面养护决策支持模块数据接口的研究

许多公路管理部门在为既有的道路基础设施管理系统移植路面养护决策支持模块时常常面临这么一个困惑：一方面，既有的道路基础设施管理系统中拥有大量的历史数据，但这些历史数据往往很难直接被新的路面决策支持模块所引用；另一方面，如若以路面决策支持模块为基础，重新开发一套道路基础设施管理系统，那代价又太大。针对这一现象，本提出通过设计数据接口的模式，将路面养护决策支持模块移植到既有的道路基础设施管理系统中，从根本上解决新、旧系统之间的数据协调问题。     

胶焊,点焊和胶接接头应力分布的比较分析

采用三维弹塑性有限元数值分析方法，比较了分析了胶焊，点焊和胶接接头的应力分布情况，结果表明，胶焊接头与胶接接头的应力分布特征值基本相同，仅在焊点区内略有区别，胶焊接头中的胶粘剂有效地降低了点焊接头中焊点的应力，消除了其焊点过级处的应力集中，所得应力分布可合理解释已有强度试验结果。     

CeO2改性阴极扩散层对质子交换膜燃料电池性能的影响

采用水热法制备纳米CeO2空心球,以一定比例与碳粉、PTFE混合,经超声震荡后均匀喷涂在经疏水处理过的碳纸表面上形成微孔层.将改性扩散层与传统扩散层进行比较,通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱测试分析、接触角、接触电阻表征,扩散层的物理性能几乎不会改变.再将扩散层组装成单电池进行一系列的电池性能测试,结果表明:掺杂CeO2的阴极扩散层组装而成的单电池无论是电池性能、交流阻抗谱还是动态响应测试均优于传统扩散层组装的单电池.即证明了掺杂CeO2制备的改性阴极扩散层由于其储放氧功能,可以加速氧气传质,增加催化剂表面氧分压,进而提升PEMFC的单电池的动态响应性能.     

Development of knowledge based body structure concept design model

The purpose of this study is to propose a concept design process for an automotive body structure using technical information on the major joints and members of vehicles. First, in order to collect the technical information on major joints and members, 17 vehicles were selected using benchmark data. The collected technical information for the selected vehicles was the cross sectional shapes of each joint and member which were used for the analysis of joint stiffness, crashworthiness and static stiffness of the member to make a database along with cross section properties. This study applied a ‘What If Study’ technique to perform a concept design of an automotive body using the analyzed information and selected cross section meeting the design objectives. The criteria for the selection of the cross section were defined by subdividing the defined design objectives of an automotive body structure and constraints into members and joints. In order to configure an analysis model of an automotive body structure using the selected cross section, a shape parametric model was used and static stiffness, dynamic stiffness and crashworthiness were assessed to evaluate the configured automotive body structure. The evaluation result showed that the crashworthiness and static/dynamic stiffness were improved compared to an existing body structure. In addition, the weight of the body structure was reduced. Through this study, the process that can rapidly and effectively derive and evaluate the concept design of an automotive body structure was defined. It is expected that, henceforth, this process will be helpful for the study of automotive body structures.     

Occupant injury risk analysis at NASS/CDS database

Injury information for vehicle occupants from the body regions of the head, thorax, abdomen, and upper and lower extremities, due to the restraints and interior parts of the vehicle, were extracted from the 2009 ~ 2012 NASS/CDS database. For those cases with high occurrence frequency, a detailed and comprehensive data analysis was performed to find the relationship between the accident, occupant, vehicle, and injury data. A numerical frontal impact sled model with the Hybrid III dummy and the GHBMC human body model was constructed to simulate and identify those injury risks according to NASS/CDS. Among the 5,734 injuries to the aforementioned body regions from frontal crashes are, listed by frequency of occurrence, the lower extremity (27.8 %), upper extremity (21.3 %), thorax (15.1 %), face (10.9 %), spine (8.7 %), head (7.3 %), and abdomen (6.9 %). The main injury sources to the head were the windshield, side structure, and steering wheel. For the thorax and abdomen they were the seat belt and steering wheel. For the lower extremity it was the instrument panel. The main injury patterns for the head were the concussion and the contusion. For the thorax they were vessel laceration and lung contusion. For the abdomen they were laceration and contusion of the organs. For the lower extremity they were bone fracture and ligament rupture. The steering wheel and seat positions were main factors affecting head and thorax injury risks. From the sled impact simulation, high injury risks of the head and thorax were assessed respectively at conditions of steering column tilt down and rear most seat position, which correlated well with the findings from the NASS/CDS data analysis.     

彩色多普勒超声在动态监测移植肝及其并发症中的应用

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声在动态监测肝移植术后血流动力学变化及并发症诊治中的应用价值。方法回顾我中心107例原位肝移植术后应用彩色多普勒超声资料,汇总后行统计学分析。结果肝移植术后早期门脉流速较正常对照组升高,而肝动脉流速降低,后逐渐恢复正常。107例中发现肝动脉血栓形成2例(1.87%),肝动脉狭窄5例(4.67%),门脉血栓形成3例(2.80%),肿瘤复发7例(6.54%),诊断为急性排斥反应18例次(16.82%),慢性排斥反应10例次(9.34%),胸腔积液105例(98.13%),腹腔积液65例(60.74%),假性动脉瘤1例,胰漏1例,胆道感染4例(3.74%),胆道狭窄4例(3.74%),胆漏5例(4.67%),胆总管结石1例。结论彩色多普勒超声在动态监测肝移植术后血流动力学变化及并发症诊治中具有重要的临床意义。     

基于学科竞赛的自动化设计类课程群建设

高校应用型人才培养是当前高等教育的组成形式之一,该文以自动化专业为例,通过一系列的具体课程教学实施逐步探索依托学科竞赛的创新人才培养模式,以学科竞赛为辅助,教学改革为主体,根据自动化专业人才培养的需求,从内容、结构和逻辑关系上分析不同课程间的关联性,优化设计类课程的课程体系,整合教学内容和教学方法,创新教学模式,从而不...     

联手下好“一盘棋” 合力推进长江口南槽航道治理工程

3月29日,随着长江口南槽航道96座导助航标志调整和设置工作的结束,该航道治理一期工程的第一阶段航海保障工程圆满收官,这是继长江口12.5米深水航道治理工程后,按照长江口"一主两辅一支"航道体系的总体规划实施的又一重大航道整治工程。     

DPZ-440型高速配碴整形车走行齿轮箱的开发

主要介绍了DPZ-440型高速配碴整形车走行齿轮箱的研制及关键技术,重点阐述了其结构特点、工作原理及试验结果。     

考虑对地航速和航向的船舶典型轨迹提取方法

基于船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System, AIS)数据的船舶典型轨迹挖掘需要经过两个重要步骤,一是压缩 AIS 数据,二是聚类压缩后的 AIS 数据。传统的DP(DouglasPeucker)压缩算法,只考虑船舶轨迹的压缩形状,忽视了船舶航行中其他重要信息。为解决此问题,把对地航速和航向加入到DP算法的压缩过程中。在AIS轨迹聚类方面,传统谱聚类方法只对船舶轨迹的位置进行相似性度量,没有考虑船舶轨迹的其他维度,针对此问题,提出多属性轨迹相似性度量方法。由于不同的输入参数影响着最终的聚类质量,引入Calinski-Harabasz指标评价谱聚类算法,实现聚类参数的自适应选择。利用山东威海水域的实际AIS数据进行实例研究,并与传统谱聚类算法做比较实验。实验结果表明,利用该方法提取到的典型轨迹符合真实水域的交通情况,相较于传统谱聚类方法具有更高的聚类质量。