高速公路视频监控系统技术升级探讨

随着技术水平的不断进步,高速公路视频监控逐渐向数字化和高清化发展,高速公路视频监控系统的升级也逐渐展开。文中探讨了今后高速公路智能综合管理系统的发展方向,并结合韶赣高速公路视频监控系统升级项目,提出了现有基础上视频监控系统的技术改造方案。     

公交优先硬件在环测试评估平台设计

为了对复杂交通条件下的公交优先策略进行测试评估,比较不同信号机中公交控制策略的优劣,论文引入公交优先硬件在环仿真技术,设计搭建公交优先的硬件在环测试平台,开发信号转换器,实现信号机与仿真软件之间的通信,并能兼容不同信号机,实现对公交优先策略的仿真评估,同时开发上位机测试平台控制系统的运转.该测试平台可推广应用于线控、网控等控制策略测试,提高控制策略的有效性.     

Bayesian network for red-light-running prediction at signalized intersections

Abstract

Red-light-running (RLR) is an important reason for the large number of intersection-related fatalities, injuries, and other losses. The accurate RLR prediction can effectively reduce crashes caused by RLR behavior. The RLR prediction is usually composed of two parts: the vehicle’s stop-or-go behavior and the arrival time when the vehicle reaches the stop line. Previous stop-or-go prediction models are usually based on embedded traffic sensors using machine learning algorithms. While based on the continuous trajectories collected by radar sensors, RLR prediction can be conducted more effectively. In this paper, a probabilistic stop-or-go prediction model based on the Bayesian network (BN) is proposed for RLR prediction. We extend the deterministic output into the probabilistic output, which provides decision-makers with greater autonomy. The causality of BN improves the interpretability of the prediction model. The BN model is calibrated and tested by the continuous trajectories data measured by radar sensors installed at a signalized intersection. We not only consider the movement measurements of individual vehicles (e.g., speed and acceleration), but also take into account the car-following behavior. As a comparison, different machine learning models and the model based on the inductive loop detection (ILD) are adopted. The results show that the proposed BN model has a high prediction accuracy and performs better in the feature interpretation. This paper provides a new way for probabilistic RLR prediction based on continuous trajectories, which will significantly improve traffic safety of signalized intersections.     

Failure mode and effects analysis of dual levelling valve airspring suspensions on truck dynamics

Failure mode and effects analysis are performed for a dual levelling valve pneumatic suspension to determine the effect of suspension failure on tractor–semi-trailer dynamics, using a detailed model of suspension pneumatics coupled with a truck dynamic model. A key element of failure analysis in suspensions with one or two levelling valves is determining the effect on the vehicle body roll when one or more failures occur. The failure modes considered are mainly the suspension pneumatic components, including clogged levelling valve, bent control rod, disabled lever arm, and punctured or leaking connectors and pipes. The pneumatic suspension is modelled in AMESim, with critical parameters established through component testing. Upon validating the AMESim component model experimentally, the pneumatic suspension model is integrated into TruckSim for studying the consequences of suspension failure on truck dynamics. The simulation results indicate that the second levelling valve in a dual-valve arrangement brings a certain amount of failure redundancy to the system, in the sense that when one side fails, the other side can compensate for the failure. Equipping the trailer with dual levelling valves brings an additional stabilising effect to the vehicle in the event of tractor suspension failure.     

SBS/橡胶粉复合改性SH型混合生物沥青工艺及机理

为探究复合改性技术提升混合生物沥青路用性能的工艺及机理,针对特定来源的SH型生物沥青,将其与石油沥青共混制备混合生物沥青后进行SBS/橡胶粉复合改性,研究改性顺序及改性剂掺量对复合改性沥青常规路用性能的影响、生物沥青掺量对改性剂溶胀特性与复合改性沥青高温及低温性能的影响,由此确定混合生物沥青复合改性工艺;利用多应力重复蠕变恢复（MSCR）、弯曲梁流变（BBR）和频率扫描（FS）试验评价复合改性沥青的流变特性;借助红外光谱（IR）化学官能团分析以及荧光显微镜（FM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）微观形貌观测分析揭示混合生物沥青复合改性机理。研究结果表明：SBS掺量为2.5%,橡胶粉掺量为18%（内掺）时,按照先SBS改性后橡胶粉改性的顺序制备的复合改性沥青的常规路用性能均较优;生物沥青掺量为15%时改性剂溶胀特性与复合改性沥青的高温及低温性能均较佳;SBS/橡胶粉复合改性在显著提升混合生物沥青弹性恢复率与m值的同时还降低了其不可恢复柔量与劲度模量,即改善了混合生物沥青的高温稳定性与低温抗裂性,且此结果与FS复数模量主曲线结果相一致;生物沥青可有效增溶聚合物改性剂并增强聚合物相网络结构,从而显著提升沥青复合改性效果;对混合生物沥青进行SBS/橡胶粉复合改性后未出现新的特征吸收峰,此复合改性过程属于物理变化;沥青厂生产的复合改性沥青性能优于实验室水平制备的复合改性沥青。     

西安市大寨路道路工程建设及管理

针对城市道路路网功能完善、交通功能定位、交叉节点处理方案分析论证、设计重点及难点等方面问题进行探究,较为全面系统地总结了创新设计理念、提升建设管理水平等方面的技术处理措施,为今后同类道路网建设及解决问题的方法和思路提供依据。     

城市排水系统沉积物特性及清淤方式研究进展

存在于排水系统中的沉积物随排水进入受纳水体后,将严重污染水体的水质;同时也对排水系统的的管理和运行带来许多问题。该文综述了我国部分城市的排水管道沉积物的沉积状况,重点阐述了沉积物的来源和组成,沉积物的颗粒粒径、有机物含量(VSS/SS)、颗粒粘性和颗粒密度等物化性质,以及附着于沉积物上的金属污染物的相关特征。其粒度分布范围是D10为1.89-223.21μm,D50为12.38-437.30μm,D90为39.06-1572.52μm;VSS/SS的范围是1%-38%;密度范围是1.80-2.47g/cm3。金属污染物主要的附着对象是沉积物中的细小颗粒如生物膜上。该文还介绍了排水管道和雨水调蓄池中常用的清淤方式。     

电控自动变速器升挡转矩相控制策略

为动态分析自动变速器换挡过程中的转矩相,建立了动力换挡系统模型.针对传统控制策略所产生的换挡冲击问题,基于改善换挡平顺性的要求提出理想转矩相的控制目标,以变化的转矩变化率代替传统控制策略固定的转矩变化率.为减小油温、载荷等工况的变化对转矩相控制过程的扰动,设计了模型参考自适应控制器,并以待分离离合器速差的变化率作为反馈变量对开环控制参数进行自适应修正.实车试验验证了所提出的控制策略可有效减小自动变速器的换挡冲击.     

汽车前保险杠系统模态分析中部件接触的研究

针对某车型前保险杠系统模态的有限元分析结果和试验结果进行了相关性分析,研究了吸能块和小腿保护杆与防撞梁和蒙皮的接触在前保险杠系统模态分析中的贡献量.探讨了接触对模态试验及模态有限元分析的影响机理.指出,在有限元模型中适当考虑接触,可显著提高计算结果的准确度,确保分析计算结果与试验结果的一致性.     

厦漳大桥(南汊)锚拉板焊接残余应力有限元分析

为了得到焊接残余应力的分布,确保结构安全,对厦漳大桥(南汊)锚拉板P3焊缝焊接残余应力进行研究,应用三维有限元分析方法及高斯热源函数,结合单元生死技术模拟焊道焊接过程,分析焊接过程中的温度分布和应力分布,以及冷却后的残余应力。