Bicycle mode share in China: a city-level analysis of long term trends

In the past 15 years, cities in China have experienced big changes in socioeconomic and traffic conditions, resulting in a long term change in bicycle use. This study aims to quantify the changes in bicycle mode share in Chinese cities and explore the potential causes. Based on data from 51 cities, it is found that bicycle mode share at the city level decreased gradually in the past. Conventional bicycle mode share decreased with a rate of 3 % per year, but electric bicycle mode share increased with a rate of 2 % per year. The correlations between city features such as demographics and built environments and bicycle mode share at different city sizes are compared. The generalized linear models are estimated to relate the changes in the share of different trip modes to various city-level factors. The results show that the bicycle mode share in a city is impacted by factors including city area size, population density, number of cars, percentage of local road mileage among all roads, and trip purpose. Possible reasons for the changes in bicycle uses in Chinese cities are explored and policy implications are discussed.     

Direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem

This paper proposes simple and direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem. It is only necessary to account for random variables independent of link flows by performing a simple transformation of the perceived link travel time with a normal distribution. At every iteration of a Monte-Carlo simulation procedure, the values of the random variables are sampled based on their probability distributions, and then a regular deterministic user equilibrium assignment is carried out to produce link flows. The link flows produced at each iteration of the Monte-Carlo simulation are averaged to yield the final flow pattern. Two test networks demonstrate that the proposed algorithms and the traditional algorithm (the Method of Successive Averages) produce similar results and that the proposed algorithms can be extended to the computation of the case in which the random error term depends on measured travel time.     

路面热再生技术在养护施工中的推广意义

本文通过对公路养护工程具体施工方式的研究,简明扼要的分析了热再生技术在施工现场的施工方式。大量工程实际经验总结得出,路面的现场热再生技术可以大大提高原有路面沥青材料的利用率,提高经济效益的同时,资源得到了重复利用,且由于热再生技术在施工时,不会对环境造成影响,故而该技术的推广更有利于环保。     

隧道照明节能控制系统研究

综合考虑交通量、环境亮度、行车速度、地理环境等因素,基于隧道照明设计与控制的"全局优化"理念,采用"多模式、多等级、智能化、个性化"的控制策略,开发了能够根据公路隧道内外亮度、照度、车流量、车流特点等环境变换因素,自动进行反馈调整隧道内部照明的智能照明控制系统。估算比对同一隧道在使用节能智能控制系统前后年总能耗可知,与原有控制方案相比,节能智能控制系统综合节电30%。     

BFL-RS01改性剂在OGFC混合料中的路用性能研究

本文探讨了国产70#沥青、进口70#沥青、BFL-RS01改性剂、SBS改性沥青改性OGFC混合料性能。研究国产沥青和进口沥青分别与BFL-RS01改性剂复配改性OGFC混合料性能,并与SBS改性OGFC混合料性能对比。结果表明,采用BFL-RS01改性OGFC混合料可以提高OGFC混合料的综合路用性能,耐高温性、抗水损害性要比SBS改性OGFC混合料更加优秀。     

高速船尾部喷水推进局部振动分析

针对高速船尾部采用喷水推进装置的局部振动问题,建立了船体尾部包含喷水推进泵的有限元模型。考虑附连水质量的影响,将船体尾部离散成甲板,底板,喷水推进泵,尾板等局部结构,采用规范经验公式估算以及有限元分析的方法分别对各局部结构的板、板格、板架进行固有频率计算,将其结果与轴频和叶频激励频率进行储备频率校核,判断尾部采用喷水推进装置在振动问题上是否满足规范标准,并为下一步的船体设计提供参考。     

港口岸线环境补偿人工沙滩工程理论与实践

依托港口岸线建设环境补偿人工沙滩工程是践行国家生态文明建设战略,实现港、城一体化发展的有益举措。针对人工沙滩建设中的理论和关键技术问题,通过自主研发,取得以下主要创新性成果:1)发展了沙、泥并存下沙滩动力地貌学基础理论;2)形成先进的数值、物理模拟技术;3)提出适用于各种复杂泥沙环境下的人工沙滩设计原则;4)研发了人工沙滩防侵蚀、防泥化的整治与养护措施。研究成果已成功应用于不同复杂泥沙环境下的实际沙滩工程中,实现了良好的经济、社会和生态环境效益,具有广阔的推广应用前景。     

基于多智能体仿真的自动化集装箱码头合理通过能力研究

针对自动化集装箱码头泊位合理通过能力评估问题,基于多智能体仿真建立采用"双小车岸桥(DTQC)+自动导引车(AGV)+自动化轨道吊(ARMG)"工艺的自动化集装箱码头装卸作业模型,对顺岸布置的自动化码头通过能力与码头服务水平、泊位数量之间的关系进行研究。仿真结果表明:码头服务水平(AWTAST)与泊位通过能力呈明显负相关关系,且在一定码头服务水平下,泊位合理通过能力随顺岸式码头泊位数量的增加显著提高。基于仿真结果进行公式拟合,提出了自动化集装箱码头的泊位合理通过能力估算方法,可以为自动化集装箱码头规划与运营提供决策支持。     

吹填造陆工程砂土地基沉降计算

针对目前越来越多的大面积吹填造陆工程中出现的地基沉降计算问题,对目前常用的大面积砂土地基沉降计算方法De Beer计算方法进行了分析研究。通过依托工程的现场试验数据对De Beer公式中所涉及的参数进行讨论,得出合适的沉降计算公式。最后通过比较现场实测沉降的预测值,证明该分析方法和流程可以很好地用于大面积砂土地基沉降计算中。     

多模块连接半潜式平台稳性对比分析

为开发我国海洋丰富的渔业、油气和旅游资源,可以在指定海域布设超大型浮式结构物,作为综合保障基地,提供船舶停靠、人员居住、渔业加工、油气开发、环境监测、飞机起降等多种功能.考虑到建造、运输等因素,超大型浮式结构物一般由多个相同或相似模块连接组成.本文基于一型半潜式平台模块,分别开展单、双、三模块的稳性分析,并对其稳性分析结果进行对比分析,探讨模块数量对平台稳性的影响,为超大型浮式结构物的后续设计与运营提供参考.