Mechanical behaviors of the foot after individual releases of plantar fascia and ligaments during the balanced standing

To quantify mechanical effects of plantar fascia and ligaments on the arch structure, a 3D finite element model of the foot was created to simulate the balanced standing posture. Four cases after individual releases of plantar fascia, spring ligament, long and short plantar ligaments were simulated respectively to compare their consequences to the predictions of the intact structure. It was founded that the foot arch didn’t collapse obviously after any individual release of these structures. As plantar fascia was released, tensions of plantar ligaments were largely increased. Long and short plantar ligaments performed mutual compensation functions.     

有限元软件分析钢筋混凝土结构

在超静定混凝土结构体系中,传统计算采用平面结构计算模型,存在简化结构计算模型过于简单,对混凝土局部分析也存在一些偏差。对混凝土实体超静定结构有限元建模中的混凝土开裂模拟、压碎、失效准则和屈服准则模拟进行分析,并对混凝土结构模拟钢筋的处理、混凝土的本构关系和破坏准则的选取进行论述。     

开放式实验室预约系统的研究与实现

利用.Net技术和B/S模式,设计与实现了一种符合学校实际需要的具有实验预约、项目管理、成绩管理、信息发布、查询统计等主要功能的开放式实验室预约系统。经过学校实验室使用验证,该系统可以满足实验室开放式预约管理,提高了管理效率和资源利用效率。     

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国内外对交通枢纽选址问题的相关研究已经有很多,但是在传统选址模型中很少考虑到枢纽所在城市的经济影响力因素. 本文通过研究经济圈城市经济发展与交通枢纽选址的内在关系,在以运输成本和枢纽建设成本最小的传统选址模型基础上,引入影响经济圈城市经济发展水平的6种因素,以经济圈交通枢纽所在城市的经济影响力最大,并考虑路网上交通流量的均衡分配,建立了经济圈交通枢纽选址双层规划模型. 为了快速对模型求解,提出了一种基于小生境遗传退火算法,该算法易于编程,实用性较强. 最后以长三角经济圈内交通枢纽选址作为算例,说明了该方法有效可行.     

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停车收费是调节城市居民出行结构,改善城市交通状况的重要政策,不同停车收费标准对居民出行方式改变程度也不相同. 本文结合南京市停车特征调查数据,基于非集计模型理论,建立包括停车费率以及公交票价等多因素的出行方式选择模型,并利用弹性分析方法,研究居民出行方式选择随停车费率变化的趋势,分析出行方式选择对于停车费率以及公交票价变化的敏感性. 研究得出不同费率标准下,小汽车及公交车出行比例的改变程度,确定停车收费价格的敏感区间,并分别得到停车费率和公交票价变化对出行方式改变的弹性. 研究结论可以为大城市合理制定停车收费价格政策提供理论依据.     

Safety Evaluation for Freeway Exit Ramp Based on Speed Consistency

Speed differential has direct relationship with road safety. Conventional speed consistency measures draw sample data from independent population that follows a normal distribution. These methods may fall into ecological fallacy and overestimate the safety level of road elements. After deducing the relationship between the difference in operating speed ΔV₈₅ and85(ΔV), the 85^th percentile value of individual speed reduction, this paper recommends 85(ΔV) and speed reduction rate 85(ΔV)R is used to evaluate ramp safety. Point speeds of individual vehicle at freeway diverge area, upper ramp, and lower ramp are collected by radar guns. Safety performance of 37 exit ramps are appraised using three different measures, namely, ΔV₈₅, 85(ΔV), and 85(ΔV)R. The results show that 85(ΔV) is 1.42 to 2.02 times of ΔV₈₅, and that the evaluation result of 85(ΔV)R is between the other two. The measure 85(ΔV)R considers not only individual speed but also the base speed on upstream element, which avoid the pitfalls of ecological fallacy and overestimation possessed by conventional measures. It is a safer and reasonable measure that should be adopted in practice.     

Non-Linear Combined Prediction Model of Medium and Long-Term Civil Vehicle Population of China

With consideration of the economy development tendency in China, a civil vehicle population prediction model is developed based on the space-time theory. First, with the domestic and international experience on vehicle development, the gray Verhulst model is used to describe the vehicle population development tendency and predict the vehicle population in the next 20 years. Second, several social and economical indexes related to the civil vehicle population are selected by comparing the correlation coefficient value, and then, the principal component method is used to reduce dimension of the selected indexes and obtain some principal indexes. Based on the econometrics theory, a forecasting model is formulated to predict the vehicle population in the next 20 years. Integrating these two forecasting models, a non-liner combination forecasting model is developed based on the BP neural network. The reliability and accuracy of the linear combination forecasting model are tested by the vehicle data from 2003 to 2007. Finally, the civil vehicle population of China in the next 20 years is predicted based on the linear combination forecasting model.     

徐州铁路枢纽与城市交通系统耦合初探

铁路枢纽和城市交通系统作为相对独立的运输系统在各自领域发挥了重要作用.如何将这两种运输系统有机耦合,进行系统优化,发挥两者综合效能,以徐州铁路枢纽为例,结合城市规划,进行了分析与探讨,提出耦合方案.     

桥梁伸缩缝问题的探讨与研究概述

文中阐述了桥梁伸缩缝存在问题,从影响伸缩缝的两大主要因素温度和混凝土材料两方面总结了减少其破坏的有效方法,对桥梁伸缩缝的设计施工具有重要指导意义。     

就地热再生技术在高速公路养护中的应用

旧沥青混合料再生技术目前已成为国际上道路维修改造的主要方法之一。文章以试验段工程为依托。对高等级沥青路面再生混合料的性能和设计方法进行了研究。并对试验路应用效果进行了跟踪观测。