CMOS集成电路功耗分析及其优化方法

电子产品功耗的大小不仅限制了便携设备电池使用时间，也在一定程度上影响着设备性能。研究降低功耗的电路设计技术意义重大。CMOS集成电路功耗的物理来源主要有两种：由于CMOS管工作状态变化而引起的动态功耗和由于漏电流而产生的静态功耗。针对决定功耗大小的具体因素，从制造工艺和具体设计角度，讨论了几种降低CMOS集成电路功耗技术。     

运用「三修」理念铺就优质线路

新乡工务段对线路维修管理实行“修养”分开,深化“天窗修”管理,将影响设备稳定的作业项目全部纳入“天窗”点内实施;强力推行作业“零”误差理念和“一、二、三”线路检查法,精细打造“零缺陷”线路;针对线路局部道床板结、连接零件损伤、几何尺寸超限等趋向性病害,实施“单项修”,提高线路的平顺度;加大站专线设备的人力和物力投入,对管内站专线设备进行“拉网式”检查,建立“站专线设备问题库”,使正线与站专线设备质量得到均衡提高。     

TECCO型主动防护系统在丹庄高速公路边坡防护中的应用

阐述TECCO型主动防护系统组成及防护机理,并介绍其在丹庄高速公路边坡防护工程中的施工方法及工艺。     

Biologically induced modification of seawater viscosity in the Eastern English Channel during a Phaeocystis globosa spring bloom

To identify the potential relationship between Pheaocystis globosa bloom conditions and seawater properties, a hydrobiological survey was performed in the inshore waters of the Eastern English Channel over the course of the phytoplankton spring bloom. Chlorophyll concentration, auto- and hetero/mixotrophic composition of protists and standing stock, and seawater viscosity were measured weekly from March to June 2004. The decline of the bloom is characterized by a massive foam formation in the turbulent surf zone. Before foam formation, seawater viscosity significantly increased, showing a significant positive correlation with chlorophyll concentration. In contrast, after foam formation this correlation was negative, seawater viscosity kept increasing despite a sharp decrease in chlorophyll concentrations. No significant correlation has been found between seawater viscosity and the composition of the phytoplankton assemblages observed during the survey. However, significant positive correlations have been found between seawater viscosity and both the size and the abundance of P. globosa colonies. From the correlation patterns observed between chlorophyll concentration and seawater viscosity, we suggest that the rheological properties of seawater are mainly driven by extracellular materials associated with colony formation and maintenance rather than by cell composition and standing stock.     

铁路货车超偏载检测装置传感器故障的判断与处理方法

阐述了超偏载检测装置传感器故障常用的故障判断与处理方法,并说明了铁道线路上超偏载检测装置传感器的编号与以工控机显示器显示的区间数据和传感器状态数据的对应关系。     

Driver steering and muscle activity during a lane-change manoeuvre

The article reports an experimental study of driver steering control behaviour in a lane-change manoeuvre. Eight test subjects were instrumented with electromyography to measure muscle activation and co-contraction. Each subject completed 30 lane-change manoeuvres with one vehicle on a fixed-base driving simulator. For each driver, the steering torque feedback characteristic was changed after every ten manoeuvres; the response of the vehicle to steering angle inputs was not changed. Drivers' control strategies were found to be robust to changes in steering torque feedback. Path-following errors, muscle activity and muscle co-contraction all reduce with the number of lane-changes performed by the driver, suggesting the existence of a learning process. Comparing the test subjects, there was some evidence that high levels of co-contraction were used to allow high-frequency steering inputs to be generated. The results contribute to the understanding of vehicle-driver (and more generally, human-machine) dynamic interaction.     

编组站综合集成自动化系统实施过程中几个问题的探讨

本文介绍了成都北站综合自动化实施过程中遇到的道岔过电流保护设计、微机监测传输、尾部停车器逻辑设计和站场维修电话解决方案的实施经验和建议。     

增强公交员工素质的"五勤"

公交员工为乘客服务的好与坏,主要取决于司乘人员的素质和能力.因此,增强公交员工素质,提高员工服务工作能力,是公交各项工作的重中之重.对于广大公交员工、特别是运营一线的司乘人员,强素质之法,应以"五勤"为要.     

土工格栅在治理沥青路面裂缝中的应用

裂缝是沥青路面常见病害。应用非织造土工织物——多功能双向土工格栅治理高等级公路沥青路面的裂缝,取得了良好的效果,并对土工格栅的应用进行了定量计算。     

铁路货运合同若干问题研究(续)

由于铁路货运合同自身的特点，当事人对合同每一个细节进行协商是很难的，也是不经济的。从便利当事人、节约谈判成本、提高合同效率的角度出发，各国一般采取两种办法解决大量的合同谈判基础问题：①由服务提供方制定标准合同文本，通过格式合同的形式减少协商的过程，提高签订合同的效率；②通过国家立法的形式，直接规定当事人的权利和义务。前者市场的成份较多，