人脾脏巨噬细胞的分离与纯化

目的　探索分离纯化大量人脾脏巨噬细胞 (MΦ)的方法。方法　选取 10例手术切除的脾脏 ,机械研磨法获得脾脏组织细胞混悬液。采用贴壁培养的方法进行MΦ的分离与纯化 ,相差显微镜下动态观察 ,明确贴壁培养的合适时间 ,详细记录MΦ分离纯化过程各步骤所需时间。收获的MΦ ,台盼蓝染色判定活力并计数 ,统计出平均每克脾脏组织收获的MΦ数及其纯度。相差显微镜、透射电镜观察分离纯化MΦ的形态特征。结果　分析贴壁培养各时间段的细胞纯度及活力 ,确定MΦ培养的合适时间为 2～ 3h。贴壁培养纯化后 ,平均从每克脾脏组织可收获 (0 .2 5± 0 .0 3)× 10 8个MΦ ,纯度为 (90± 5 ) % ,细胞活力≥ 99% ,细胞结构及各种细胞器结构均完整。结论　贴壁培养方法分离纯化人脾脏MΦ是成功可行的 ,收获的MΦ数量大、纯度高、活力好 ,为脾脏MΦ功能的深入研究奠定了基础     

公路旧桥加固改造问题探讨

目前，旧桥维修、加固、利用是一个应该加强的技术课题，旧桥的加固利用和改造已成为桥梁工程建设中既古老、又年轻的技术课题。实践证明，旧桥的检测、评定与加固利用是一项即综合繁杂，又不断发展创新、逐步完善的技术，也是桥梁建设可持续发展的一个重要组成部分和关键技术之一。     

客运专线动车组运用计划的计算机编制

根据动车组运用规则，建立了动车组运用计划整数规划模型．为降低求解的复杂性，将动车组运用计划编制问题转化为交路段生成和基于交路段的交路生成两个问题分步求解．用多起点搜索和交路段互换的方法，使求解结果在有效性和均衡性上得以优化．实际编制实验表明了模型和算法的有效性．     

开发区专业物流园区规划

物流园区规划是建设物流园区的重要内容，许多城市与地区都准备规划建设若干物流园区。由于物流园区的建设投入资金巨大，任何失误都将造成难以弥补的损失。因此，在物流园区的规划建设初期，研究物流园区的规划是十分必要的。对依托开发区的专业物流园区的规划进行了研究探讨，希望有助于这类专业物流园区建设的规划实施。     

低速运动条件下的磁传感器定位方法

为了提高磁传感器定位技术的实用性,将时分复用技术应用于磁传感器的定位中,有效解决了运动磁传感器的定位问题,提出了基于磁场模值的标量定位方法,解决了背景磁异常对磁传感器定位精度的影响,并理论分析和实验验证了所提方法的可行性,实验结果表明,定位距离在3 m内时误差在厘米级别,并有望随实验条件的改善而提高,且该方法定位的灵敏度非常高。     

锂动力电池组关键参数研究与性能评估

锂离子电池具有诸多优点,已广泛应用于小功率便携式设备上。在大功率方面,聚合物锂离子电池在储能和动力源领域已开始崭露头角。随着聚合物锂动力电池的应用越来越广泛,对锂动力电池组在整个生命周期内的性能进行评估显得尤为重要。本文对锂动力电池组的一些关键参数进行了讨论并对电池组的性能评估方法进行了探讨。     

三维竖轴潮流水轮机水动力性能研究

竖轴水轮机作为潮流能转换为电能的核心装置,其水动力性能的优劣将会直接影响到整体发电系统的效率。为了研究大型竖轴水轮机叶片安装角对水轮机水动力性能的影响,基于多参考系模型(MRF),采用Fluent软件对流场中的模型进行3D数值模拟。在转速和来流速度保持不变,改变安装角时,分析同种翼型5个不同安装角叶片对潮流能水轮机的水动力性能的影响。同时分析在同一安装角和旋转速度条件下,不同来流速度对水轮机水动力性能的影响。结果表明,叶片安装角对竖轴潮流水轮机的能量利用率影响较大,来流速度对水轮机叶片表面的静压力和输出功率具有一定的影响。研究结果对今后竖轴水轮机的设计和生产具有借鉴意义。     

水工黏土基固化材料力学性能试验研究

以港航工程整治过程中产生的黏性土为主要原料,采用传统水泥、石膏和矿粉等无机结合料为固化剂,通过半干法压制成型制备黏土基固化材料。研究结果表明：黏土基固化材料的最佳配合比为黏性土65%、水泥18%、矿粉12%、石膏2.0%、石灰3.0%,其28 d抗压、劈裂抗拉和浸水强度分别为25.6、2.5、24.1 MPa,可替代普通混凝土制备压载块等水工材料就地应用于港航工程,满足水工应用需要。     

A GIS‐based method to identify cost‐effective routes for rural deviated fixed route transit

Deviated fixed route transit (DFRT) service connecting rural and urban areas is a growing transportation mode in the USA. Little research has been done to develop frameworks for route design. A methodology to explore the most cost‐effective DFRT route is presented in this paper. The inputs include potential DFRT demand distribution and a road network. A heuristic is used to build possible routes by starting at urban cores and extending in all network directions in certain length increments. All the DFRT routes falling in the length range desired by the users are selected. The cost effectiveness of those routes, defined by operating cost per passenger trip, is compared. The most cost‐effective route is selected and presented in a GIS map. A case study illustrates the methodology in several Tennessee metropolitan regions. The most cost‐effective route length is case specific; some routes (e.g. those out of our Nashville case) are most cost effective when short, while others (e.g. those out of Memphis) are most cost effective when long. Government agencies could use the method to identify routes with the lowest operating cost per passenger given a route length or an operating cost budget. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Empirical analysis and comparisons about time-allocation patterns across segments based on mode-specific preferences

A three-stage approach, i.e., factor-cluster-multi-group Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), is designed to explore the commonalities and diversities with respect to relationships between socio-demographic characteristics and time-use patterns across different segments. Factor-cluster analysis is conducted to extract meaningful factors from attitudinal statements, and then group the sample population into three segments, each with a unique combination of mode preferences for public transit, private car, and motorcycle. By virtue of multi-group SEM, the relationships between socio-demographics and time allocated to activities and travel are found to be significantly different across segments. This study highlights the importance of latent psychological factors in segmentation. For policy implication, specific population with unique psychological features must be targeted in order to efficiently and effectively design and implement transport measures.