Algorithm based on morphological component analysis and scale-invariant feature transform for image registration

In this paper, we proposed a registration method by combining the morphological component analysis (MCA) and scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm. This method uses the perception dictionaries, and combines the Basis-Pursuit algorithm and the Total-Variation regularization scheme to extract the cartoon part containing basic geometrical information from the original image, and is stable and unsusceptible to noise interference. Then a smaller number of the distinctive key points will be obtained by using the SIFT algorithm based on the cartoon part of the original image. Matching the key points by the constrained Euclidean distance, we will obtain a more correct and robust matching result. The experimental results show that the geometrical transform parameters inferred by the matched key points based on MCA+SIFT registration method are more exact than the ones based on the direct SIFT algorithm.     

Path Planning of Planar Kinked Line Seam by Visual Servoing for Robotic Welding

Welding path planning can substitute for the manual teaching process of the robot and can promote the autonomous level of the robotic welding. A path planning method by visual servoing was presented, in which the optimal angle of charge-coupled device (CCD) camera was also planned. Aiming at planning two forms of kinked line seams, obtuse angle seam and right angle seam, a practicable solution was put forward. In this solution, the intersection of two adjacent straight segments is detected in each local seam image, and if intersection is found, theseam errors are calculated using the next straight segment. The experimental results show that kinked line seam can be well planned using this solution.     

一种自动提取车型图像边缘阈值算法的仿真研究

提出了一种利用改进的遗传算法自动选取车型图像边缘提取阈值的方法,使车型图像边缘能被完整地提取出来;从而达到识别汽车车型的目的。仿真结果表明:该算法节省了阈值的选取时间,增强了抗噪声性能,提高了车型识别率。     

Effects of stack array orientation on fuel cell efficiency for auxiliary power unit applications

The commercial fuel cell products currently appearing on the market are self-contained fuel cell engines. These engines can be used for many applications that are presently dominated by internal combustion engines or batteries. Vehicle mounted fuel cell auxiliary power units have been attracting attention lately. Additionally, there is a market based incentive to use multiple small fuel cell arrays in place of a single large fuel cell for some applications. Typically, fuel cells are designed to operate as stand-alone units. This paper investigates the ability of small commercial stacks to operate in common array arrangements. Although an individual Nexa is able to produce 1500 W, Dual Nexas do not maintain that capability while in array configurations. With an overall load share ratio of 1.02:1 the series array reliably produced 2900 W of power, while with an overall load share ratio of 1.09:1 the parallel array reliably produced only 2800 W of power. This study shows that array orientation affects both system stack net efficiency and individual stack net efficiency. The information gained from this study may be helpful for fuel cell design and integration.     

Analysis of bus rollover protection under legislated standards using LS-DYNA software simulation techniques

A bus rollover is one of the worst vehicle accidents that can occur. Because of the large numbers of passengers, the casualties in a bus rollover are often high and severe. The compliance with rollover safety standards for buses and coaches is mandated by law. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the physical meanings of regulation number 66 of the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE R66) and standard number 220 of the American Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS 220). This comparison was carried out using a LS-DYNA finite-element analysis. After performing a comparative analysis following ECE R66 and FMVSS 220 assessments, the investigation further demonstrated the distortion configuration of the vehicle superstructure through the absorbed energy and its distribution over the vehicle and in sections of vehicle superstructure as well as the violation of the passenger compartment under the rollover testing conditions of both ECE R66 and FMVSS 220. Great differences were found between ECE R66 and FMVSS 220 in distortion configuration, reflecting differences in capability and rollover testing conditions. These findings provide a means of evaluating bus superstructure strength and provide guidelines useful in the assessment of regulations applied to the evaluation of bus rollover strength.     

Integrated modeling and optimization of a parallel hydraulic hybrid bus

Hydraulic hybrid powertrains are a critical technology used in buses to improve fuel economy and emission performance. New exploration in configuring a parallel hydraulic hybrid bus (PHHB) is developed in this paper with no changes made to the conventional base bus driveline. An integrated model and simulation of the parallel hydraulic hybrid bus is built based on AMESim, which is used to model the hydraulic powertrain and conventional bus driveline, and interlinked with a Matlab/Simulink/Stateflow model of the control unit. Compared to conventional buses, the fuel economy of the PHHB improved by 28% in real road tests at the SMVIC (National Center of Supervision and Inspection on Motor Products Quality (Shanghai)); the approximate improvement of fuel economy was 30% in simulated runs, which validates our model. Then a Non-linear Programming by Quadratic Lagrangian algorithm (NLPQL), is applied to optimize control strategies for improving fuel economy and emissions. Simulations also demonstrate that fuel economy and emission performance can be significantly improved. However, optimum parameters for maximum fuel economy and minimum emissions are not consistent. Simulation results show tradeoffs between fuel economy and emissions in PHHB, and optimal parameters can be selected by balancing design objectives.     

Low cost design of parallel parking assist system based on an ultrasonic sensor

This paper presents a low cost design and implementation of a parallel parking assist system (PPAS) based on ultrasonic sensors. Generally, a PPAS requires several types of sensors, such as an ultrasonic sensor, camera sensor, radar sensor and laser sensor for parking space detection. However, our proposed PPAS only requires two ultrasonic sensors on the front and lateral sides for parking space detection. Moreover, a steering angle sensor and wheel speed sensor installed in the vehicle are used to obtain vehicle position information for localization in ultrasonic range data. The hardware architecture of the PPAS based on an electronic control unit (ECU) module, sensor modules and a human machine interface (HMI) module was proposed. Moreover, the software architecture of the PPAS is based on system initialization, scheduling, recognition and a control algorithm. In particular, a novel sensor algorithm was proposed to minimize the vehicle corner error of the ultrasonic sensor. A prototype of the PPAS based on the proposed architecture was constructed. The experimental results demonstrate that the implemented prototype is robust and successfully performs parking space detection and automatic steering control. Finally, the low cost design and implementation of the PPAS was possible due to the cheap ultrasonic sensors, simple hardware design and low computational complexity of the proposed algorithm.     

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当私家车的使用可与公共交通结合时,人们会更倾向于乘坐公共交通出行. 因此,P+R（停车换乘系统）在为公共交通吸引客流的同时也为公共交通的运营起到重要的作用. 在建立和运营P+R系统时,制定合理的用户收费政策是诸多影响因素之一. 事实上,收费政策作为调节手段之一,利用其鼓励或约束停车场的各类用户,将有助于交通部门管理和经营P+R设施. 基于社会经济水平,本文为确定停车设施最优定价方案提供了一种新方法. 结合遗传算法,本文利用财务分析模型确定了P+R设施最优定价方案参数. 该模型应用于希腊雅典地铁网络的P+R设施. 结果表明,该模型可在短时间内提供近似最优定价方案. 另外,本文还在方便用户的计算机框架下结合该模型开发了相应决策支持系统.     

Luminol-potassium permanganate chemiluminescence system for the determination of three anthracycline antibiotics

Objective To establish a flow-injection chemiluminescence method for the determination of doxorubicin, epirubicin and mitoxantrone and study its reaction mechanism. Methods In alkaline medium, chemiluminescence of luminol-potassium permanganate system could be inhibited obviously by anthracycline antibiotics. Combined with flow-injection technique, a new chemiluminescence method for determining the anthracycline antibiotics was set up. The chemiluminescence mechanism of the luminol-potassium permanganate system was also discussed. Results Under optimal conditions, the good linear ranges of doxorubicin, epirubicin and mitoxantrone were 5.0×10-9-1.0×10-6g/mL, 1.0×10-9-1.0×10-5g/mL and 3×10-9-1.0×10-6g/mL, respectively. The detection limits of doxorubicin, epirubicin and mitoxantrone were 3.0×10-9g/mL, 5.0×10-8g/mL and 2.0×10-9g/mL, respectively. During eleven repeated inter-day and intra-day precision tests of 1.0×10-6g/mL samples, the relative standard deviations corresponded to reference values of 3.0%, 2.8% and 2.1%. Conclusion The developed method is sensitive, accurate, rapid and of low cost. It can be applied to determine doxorubicin hydrochloride, epirubicin hydrochloride and mitoxantrone hydrochloride in injection preparations.     

Increased expression of the 20S proteasome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of type 2 diabetic patients

Objective To investigate the dynamic expression of the 20S proteasome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of type 2 diabetic patients without vascular complications. Methods PBMCs were prepared from 30 type 2 diabetic patients and 30 nondiabetic controls. The general indexes including weight, height and blood pressure were recorded. Fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured. The protein level of the 20S proteasome was measured by Western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of the 20S proteasome β1, β2 and β5 subunits were detected by real-time PCR. Results Compared with that in the nondiabetic controls, the protein level of the 20S proteasome was significantly increased in the diabetic patients and was positively associated with glycosylated hemoglobin. Conclusion Type 2 diabetic patients without vascular complications have an increased 20S proteasome expression, the significance of which needs to be explored by further study.