Simulating the impacts of household travel on greenhouse gas emissions,urban air quality,and population exposure

This paper establishes a link between an activity-based model for the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), dynamic traffic assignment, emission modelling, and air quality simulation. This provides agent-based output that allows vehicle emissions to be tracked back to individuals and households who are producing them. In addition, roadway emissions are dispersed and the resulting ambient air concentrations are linked with individual time-activity patterns in order to assess population exposure to air pollution. This framework is applied to evaluate the effects of a range of policy interventions and 2031 scenarios on the generation of vehicle emissions and greenhouse gases in the GTA. Results show that the predicted increase of approximately 2.6 million people and 1.3 million jobs in the region by 2031 compared to 2001 levels poses a major challenge in achieving meaningful reductions in GHGs and air pollution.     

Real time queue length estimation for signalized intersections using travel times from mobile sensors

We study how to estimate real time queue lengths at signalized intersections using intersection travel times collected from mobile traffic sensors. The estimation is based on the observation that critical pattern changes of intersection travel times or delays, such as the discontinuities (i.e., sudden and dramatic increases in travel times) and non-smoothness (i.e., changes of slopes of travel times), indicate signal timing or queue length changes. By detecting these critical points in intersection travel times or delays, the real time queue length can be re-constructed. We first introduce the concept of Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time which is related to the non-smoothness of queuing delay patterns and queue length changes. We then show how measured intersection travel times from mobile sensors can be processed to generate sample vehicle queuing delays. Under the uniform arrival assumption, the queuing delays reduce linearly within a cycle. The delay pattern can be estimated by a linear fitting method using sample queuing delays. Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time can then be obtained from the delay pattern, and be used to estimate the maximum and minimum queue lengths of a cycle, based on which the real-time queue length curve can also be constructed. The model and algorithm are tested in a field experiment and in simulation.     

基于多相整流的船舶电力推进系统谐波抑制

变频器等电力电子设备在船舶电网中的使用,将使变频器输入回路产生大量谐波.为减小谐波对电网的污染,对6脉波、12脉波、24脉波整流器的输入侧电流谐波进行了分析,对船舶电力推进系统不同工况下的网侧电流谐波进行了仿真研究.仿真结果表明,多相整流技术是抑制谐波的有效方法,整流相数越多,变频器注入电网的谐波含量越小;24脉波整流应用在船舶推进系统上可大大减小船舶电网的谐波含量,有效地提高电网品质.     

忻保高速公路路堑边坡防护施工

通过分析忻保高速公路路堑边坡的岩土类别,介绍了各自适用的防护形式,并对人字型骨架防护、护面墙、格宾网、锚杆框架几种主要的边坡防护施工方法进行了总结;对高边坡防护监测和施工注意事项进行了阐述。     

保水式路面结构母体混合料设计方法研究

以保水式路面混合料为研究对象,从保水式路面母体结构的选择、混合料原材料性质等方面进行试验研究,以空隙率为主要的设计依据,提出母体沥青混合料的最佳配合比.     

高速公路立交入口区域行车风险评价模型

分析了高速公路立交入口区域车辆行车特征,提出了碰撞危险指数概念,考虑了碰撞可能性系数、碰撞车辆速度差、目标车道跟驰车辆在碰撞时的速度、加速度、前后车辆间距5个因素,将入口区域车辆可能发生的碰撞行为分为5种情形,研究了5种情形的发生条件,建立了相应的风险评价模型。针对不同的主线车辆运行车速、车头间距和匝道驶入车辆运行车速...     

基于VRML的陀螺罗经仿真

陀螺罗经在提供船舶航向中占非常重要的地位,其结构复杂,传统教学只是停留在对平面图形的演示和说明,这成为了航海专业的学生学习陀螺罗经的瓶颈。本文利用虚拟现实（VRML）语言做出了阿玛-勃朗MK10型陀螺罗经三维互交式仿真,清晰展示了陀螺罗经的内外结构,可以使学生较好掌握其结构和原理。     

车载瓦斯监控系统在双线铁路瓦斯隧道施工机械中的应用

兰渝铁路梅岭关高风险瓦斯隧道设计为客货共线双线隧道,隧道进出口高瓦斯区设置平导。隧道主要采用台阶法开挖、装载机配合自卸汽车出碴运输,以巷道式通风为主的施工方法。文章以该隧为例,主要介绍车载瓦斯监控系统的组成、工作过程及应用效果。实践表明,只要采取切实可行、有效的瓦斯监控手段,洞内采用安装了车载瓦斯监控系统的施工机械设备...     

江苏海洋经济发展人才培养的分析与思考

人才匮乏是制约江苏海洋经济发展的重要因素之一。文章针对江苏海洋经济发展现状,指出江苏海洋人才队伍建设面临严峻的考验,已经成为江苏实施国家海洋战略、振兴"海上苏东"的重大障碍,并提出了加强江苏海洋人才队伍建设的若干对策。     

桥上桥现浇施工桩基承载力计算分析

根据青岛海湾大桥青岛端接线工程桥梁第十三合同段设计图纸和工程实际情况,从地质情况、实用性、安全性、经济性和工期保证等多个方面考虑,箱梁采用满堂支架法现浇施工。当新桥设计跨越既有桥梁时,既有桥梁设计时和现在的规范荷载不同,以既有桥梁作为支承进行新桥的混凝土现场浇筑作业,既有桥梁的承载力如何确定成为难题。通过理论计算确定施...