复式拱桥加固与保护设计

以重庆市石柱县过蛟龙古拱桥与现代新拱桥迭合而成的复式拱桥的加固与保护设计为例,通过现场病害调查、合理计算模型的探讨找出病害所在及病害产生的原因,提出了桥梁加固与保护所采取的方法。     

高频振捣对道路工程混凝土结构物抗冻性影响的研究

为研究高频振捣对混凝土抗冻性的影响,采用先进的硬化混凝土气泡结构测试设备,通过测定硬化混凝土的气泡特征参数随高频振捣时间增加的变化情况,研究了高频振捣对混凝土抗冻性的影响规律。试验结果表明,经适当高频振捣后,虽然混凝土的含气量有较大损失,但其气泡比表面积增大,气泡间隔系数变化不大。随高频振捣时间的增加,硬化混凝土中气泡总数和小气泡数(直径小于120μm)会出现峰值,而后急剧减少。高频振捣的时间控制在合理范围内,有利于改善引气混凝土的气泡结构,不会对其抗冻性产生不利影响。     

公路边坡景观视觉效果的定量评价研究

为提升公路边坡景观,增强评价的客观性和完整性,给边坡设计方案决策提供依据,应用SD法(Semantic Dif-ferential Method)定量评价7种路堑边坡的视觉效果。设计问卷调查表,选择56名评价者,采用5段评价尺度、20组形容词对,得出评价值。结果表明,路堑边坡景观的视觉效果由和谐因子、变化因子、施工因子三评价轴所构成;坡面植被覆盖率高且草灌结合的景观类型受到很高评价,而人工痕迹明显的边坡得到评价值较低;为增加边坡的视觉美学价值,应重点提高边坡与环境的协调程度,减少人工痕迹,灵活变化坡形,改进绿化模式。     

对旧路加宽存在问题的研究

随着我国经济的迅速发展,一些现有公路已不能适应交通量增长的要求,需要扩大道路通行能力,面临改扩建问题,而新老路基结合处就成为路基施工的重点。结合大齐公路改建工程,分析了旧路路基施工时可能产生问题,提出合适的施工方案。通过研究找出有效避免施工过程中新旧旧路基结合部产生问题的原因,制定解决方案保证路基稳定性。研究成果对公路改建工程新旧路结合部的设计与施工具有借鉴意义。     

《电工电子技术》课程教学探讨

针对电工电子技术课程教学内容多、课时数少的矛盾,从优化教学内容,改进教学手段,加强实践教学几个方面提出了一些初步想法。     

Quantitative Analysis of impact of Bicycles on Vehicles in Urban Mixed Traffic

Bicycles create obvious impact on motor vehicles' behavior on urban road especially in China with mixed traffic. These influences can be divided into two states: friction and block interference. Based on the data of interference of bicycles on vehicles' driving in typical road section in Beijing, this paper quantitatively analyzes the velocity changing tendency of vehicles under different interference, velocity distribution frequency, and critical transformation of different interference state. The friction and block interference coefficients are also worked out, which are useful to compare interference degrees under different road conditions. As a result, the research based on sample data shows that the velocity distribution of vehicles has different characteristics under different interference state, and vehicles driving velocities are significantly different under the friction interference and block interference.     

基于单调关联系统的驾驶行为可靠度计算方法

为合理评估驾驶员驾驶行为的可靠性,提出了驾驶行为可靠度计算方法,将人机系统可靠性理论与驾驶行为链相结合,构建了基于感知、判断、操作元件及模块组的驾驶行为可靠性框图,确定了单项器官元件可靠度测试与计算方法,运用单调关联系统理论给出了功能模块可靠度及驾驶行为系统可靠度的量化模型,计算了模型中各生理、心理元件概率重要度,分析了其对驾驶行为的影响度。计算结果表明:事故组与非事故组间行为可靠性存在明显差异,非事故组的可靠性整体大于事故组,但整体可靠性呈下降趋势,事故组驾驶员整体操作稳定性较差;生理因素对驾驶行为可靠度影响度前期较大后期较小,而心理因素则相反。     

Travel Behavior Analysis of the Females in Beijing

In urban life, compared with the same age group of male contrast, the statistical indicators of female travel behavior show significant differences. According to the sample data of Beijing 2005 travel survey, the paper analyzes the female travel behavior in the travel rate, travel consumption, trip purpose, and travel mode. Furthermore, the paper introduces the concept of the trip chain, to construct a female morning commuter trip chain choice behavior model with noncollection theories and methods, to analyze 10 factors that influence a female individual's choice of a trip chain from the source. Subsequently, model parameters are estimated, to calculate the incidents that can help to quantitatively understand the impact of each factor on a female's choice of the trip chain. The results show that the travel rate of elderly women is far lower than that of elderly men. Female travel proportion in shopping and social activities is obviously higher than that of male travelers, and factors related to the structure of families create important constraints in their average travel time consumption. The main travel mode of the female is walking, which is far more than that of a male. Age, whether they hold licenses, monthly income, and transport ownership are dominant factors for the female's choice of the trip chain.     

泡沫沥青冷再生半柔性基层性能研究

采用旧沥青路面铣刨混合料,用泡沫沥青和水泥复合作再生稳定剂进行现场冷再生碾压成型形成半柔性基层。从材料的选取与级配的组成、沥青的发泡条件、油石比出发,研究了泡沫沥青的发泡性能和泡沫沥青冷再生基层的物理性质和强度特性。试验得到了沥青的最佳发泡条件和混合料的最佳含水量和最佳油石比,表明其强度能够满足路面设计规范关于基层设计参数的要求。