PDE在图像分割技术中的应用

作为图像处理关键技术之一,图像分割技术为人工智能发展提供必要的技术保证,而单一的图像分割技术对复杂环境下多目标的适应性并不强。针对小目标提取易受噪声干扰,提出利用PDE(偏微分方程)对采集到的图像进行去噪处理,在充分保留图像边缘的条件下,利用小波阈值分割法对目标进行提取,通过相似匹配度大小不断调整阈值,达到阈值的自适应。最后,以车牌提取为算例对该算法进行验证,经验证,该算法能够有效提取出复杂环境下小目标物体,对环境具有较强的适应性。     

Full waveform inversion method for horizontally inhomogeneous stratified media

Full waveform inversion method is an approach to grasp the physical property parameters of underground media in geotechnical nondestructive detection and testing field. Using finite-difference time domain （FDTD） method for elastic wave equations, the full-wave field in horizontally inhomogeneous stratified media for elastic wave logging was calculated. A numerical 2D model with three layers was computed for elastic wave propagation in horizontally inhomogeneous media. The full waveform inversion method was verified to be feasible for evaluating elastic parameters in lateral inhomogeneous stratified media and showed well accuracy and conver- gence. It was shown that the time cost of inversion had certain dependence on the choice of starting initial model. Furthermore, this method was used in the detection of nonuniform grouting in the construction of immersed tube tunnel. The distribution of nonuniform grouting was clearly evaluated by the S-wave velocity profile of grouted mortar base below the tunnel floor.     

基于模糊评价的规则晶胞骨支架结构优选

针对骨组织工程支架性能评价和优选的问题,建立了基于规则晶胞的立方体、球形及圆柱形骨支架模型;选取孔隙率、弹性模量及黏附率为评价指标,通过理论计算和实验测量方法获取支架孔隙率和黏附率,通过有限元仿真分析结果计算支架弹性模量.采用模糊理论对不同结构的骨支架结构进行了性能的评价,优选出立方体结构为最佳骨支架模型,为骨组织工程...     

Tradable credits scheme and transit investment optimization for a two‐mode traffic network

This paper proposes an optimization model to minimize the “system costs” and guide travelers' behavior by exploring the optimal bus investment and tradable credits scheme design in a bimodal transportation system. Travelers' transport mode choice behavior (car or bus) and the modal equilibrium conditions between these two forms of transport are studied in the tradable credits scheme. Public transport priority is highlighted by charging car travelers credits only. The economies of scale presented by the transit system under the tradable credit scheme are analyzed by comparing the marginal cost and average cost. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the model. Furthermore, the effects of tradable credits schemes on bus investment and travelers' modal choice behavior are explored based on scenario discussions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

直驱AMT换挡动力性的影响规律研究

提出了一种动圈式电磁执行器驱动自动变速器执行机构的直驱AMT,并根据直驱AMT的换挡机构方案设计了换挡系统试验台架,分析了影响直驱AMT换挡动力性的主要因素,研究了不同影响因素对换挡动力性的影响规律。试验表明,针对不同的影响因素选择合适的换挡驱动力,可在保证换挡品质和同步器使用寿命的同时,有效控制换挡驱动装置的能量损耗,为制定最优换挡控制策略奠定了理论基础。     

内应力对结构模态影响理论及数值验证

采用有限元法,从具有内应力的单元物理方程出发,推导出内应力对刚度产生影响,进而建立了内应力对结构模态影响程度的表达式。以二节点杆件为例,通过对比有无内应力情况下刚度矩阵,证实内应力不仅影响结构刚度,进而使结构振动固有频率发生偏离。而且,还会滋生出新的振动模态,验证了内应力影响模态理论的准确性;以焊缝的残余应力作为内应力实例,船体舱段为结构实例,比较不同焊接残余应力水平下结构二阶垂向振动的频率,数值验证了内应力对结构模态的影响。     

科技创新提升企业核心竞争力的战略决策与实施

上海市第二市政工程有限公司作为一家知名大型综合施工企业,将科技创新作为提升企业核心竞争力的战略决策。该文阐述了该决策的制定背景、内涵,以及决策的实施和成效。     

大跨度钢管混凝土系杆拱桥锚箱定位技术研究

上下锚箱定位技术保证了拱肋在施工中锚箱位置的准确性,确保了吊杆与张拉杆在一条直线上,为后期系杆拱桥吊杆安装及张拉创造了有利条件,保证了吊杆的位置及索力值符合设计要求。该文介绍的相关经验可供类似工程参考。     

混凝土结构加固技术在旧建筑改造中的应用探讨

该对建筑结构加固新技术的特点及运用、设计构造、施工过程等方面的问题及相应的处理措施进行了探讨,以确保加固工程质量,从而确保结构安全使用。     

Automotive windshield — pedestrian head impact: Energy absorption capability of interlayer material

During accident, the interlayer of windshield plays an important role in the crash safety of automotive and protection of pedestrian or passenger. The understanding of its energy absorption capability is of fundamental importance. Conventional interlayer material of automotive windshield is made by Polyvinyl butyral (PVB). Recently, a new candidate of high-performance nanoporous energy absorption system (NEAS) has been suggested as a candidate for crashworthiness. For the model problem of pedestrian head impact with windshield, we compare the energy absorption capabilities of PVB and NEAS interlayers, in terms of the contact force, acceleration, velocity, head injury criteria, and energy absorption ratio, among which results obtained from PVB interlayers are validated by literature references. The impact speed is obtained from virtual test field in PC-CRASH, and the impact simulations are carried out using explicit finite element simulations. Both the accident speed and interlayer thickness are varied to explore their effects. The explicit relationships established among the energy absorption capabilities, impact speed, and interlayer material/thickness, are useful for safety evaluation as well as automotive design. It is shown that the NEAS interlayer may absorb more energy than PVB interlayer and it may be a competitive candidate for windshield interlayer.