基于多任务学习和层次分析法的公路隧道支护方案优化设计

为提升公路隧道施工过程中支护的实时性和合理性, 以浙江省龙丽温高速的围岩地质特征和支护方案为研究背景。 分析围岩特征与支护参数的相关性, 确定了以围岩风化程度、 坚硬程度、 岩体完整程度、 地下水状态、 围岩稳定情况为输入围岩特征, 锚杆间排距、 锚杆长度、 喷混凝土厚度、 钢拱架型号为输出支护参数的多任务学习模型结构。 针对多任务学习模型获得的预测支护参数, 通过层次分析法评价预测支护参数中部分强于实际支护参数, 部分弱于实际的支护设计, 结果表明预测支护参数综合得分高于实际支护参数。 研究成果为实现公路隧道快速支护方案选型和评估提供了指导。     

大骨节病病因与发病机制的研究进展及其展望

大骨节病是一种地方性、畸形性骨关节病,至今原因未明,目前以我国西部地区最重,尚无有效治疗措施。本文依据国内外有关研究,总结分析了大骨节病三种病因假说的研究进展及其尚待解决的问题,结合作者及其研究团队近年来的研究进展,提出大骨节病除经典的软骨细胞坏死外还表现有软骨细胞过度凋亡和"去分化",大骨节病软骨细胞差异表达基因、血清蛋白表达谱及短串联重复序列多态性不同于病区内外正常人与骨关节病。确定大骨节病软骨细胞坏死发生的基因与蛋白标志物,以及何种环境因素如何与大骨节病易感基因相互作用而选择性的损伤深层软骨细胞及其干预措施,是未来大骨节病病因发病机制研究的重要目标。     

轨道交通牵引回流方式对轨道电路的影响分析

对上海轨道交通直流电力牵引中常用的“无回流阻抗棒”和“回流阻抗棒”回流方式进行比较分析,并结合现场实例、实测数据,分析了不同类型的牵引回流方式对轨道交通轨道电路的影响。设置回流阻抗棒的轨道电路工作比较稳定,“跳红光带”的现象较少。     

关联模式的新颖性研究

简要介绍了模式的主观兴趣度度量,讨论了模式与用户期望的匹配程度以及模式与领域知识的差异程度,分别从这两个方面定义了模式的新颖性度量。综合考虑领域知识和用户的参与,提出了一种新的新颖性模式评价策略。     

盾构施工筹划原则及影响因素分析

以北京地铁4号线11合同段(灵境胡同-新街口)四站三区间的盾构施工筹划为例,重点分析影响盾构施工筹划的因素;以方案比较的方法,介绍了确定三区间总体筹划方案的详细过程.     

Property Evolution of Sulphoaluminate Grouting Material under Pressure Circulation北大核心CSCD

Water-sealed underground oil tank projects are quite different from traditional underground projects since the water-sealing conditions are very strict and the difficulties caused by the geological specificity, structural specificity and construction specificity are key factors affecting the project. In light of the significant early initial setting time and rapid temperature increase of sulphoaluminate cement-based grouting material for a large domestic water-sealed underground oil tank with pressurized cyclic grouting, a laboratory grouting simulation is conducted. It is found that the properties of the sulphoaluminate cement-based grouting material are quite different under different pressure cycles, the hydration exothermic peak time gets shorter with an increase of circulation time, the compressive strength decreases with an increase of circulation time, and the longer the circulation time the more obvious the de-crease of compressive strength. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Analysis on the Characteristics and Development Trends of the Support Technology of High Ground Stress Tunnels in China北大核心CSCD

Combining the present situation and development trend of different tunnel support technologies at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the problems of rockburst in hard rock tunnels and large deformation in soft rock tunnels caused by high ground stress. It is concluded that: 1) regarding the rockburst problem, the current support technology is mainly influenced by the rock burst mechanism which is dominated by static factors, and so the used support components are generally of smaller deformation performance and "passive support" properties; 2) as the rockburst is the result of dynamic-static stress coupling, and only the anchor bolt has the "active support" attribute in the current "shotcrete+anchor bolt+wire net" support system, so the best support system should have the two functions of active support and energy release in terms of the rockburst problem, and the key focus of the research and development is anchorage members; 3) there are three main support types for large deformation in soft rock tunnels, e.g. the heavy support, layered support and yielding support. Among them, the heavy support system in underground cavern with large deformation is easy to induce excessive surrounding rock pressure, and so the applicable conditions are limited. The layered support system is still not the best choice due to its immature theoretical study, difficult determination of the thickness value and the installation time of each support layer and the interference to construction progress. With the characteristics of timely support and yielding while supporting, the yielding support system can give full play to the performance values of surrounding rocks and supporting materials, and make both of them reach the optimal state, so it is the best choice for supporting the soft rock tunnels with large deformations. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

静态爆破法在深圳地铁施工中的应用

静态爆破是近年来发展起来的一种新型爆破施工技术,它可在无震动、无飞石,无噪音、无污染的条件下破碎或切割岩石或混凝土构筑物。深圳地铁2号线东延线土建工程安托山站—侨香站区间矿山法施工竖井系选用此工法在2 500 mm×3 000 mm雨水箱涵附近成功地进行了中、微风化花岗岩开挖施工,确保了雨水箱涵的安全性。     

水平旋喷桩施工工艺在深圳地铁施工中的应用

在深圳地铁安托山站—侨香站区间矿山法隧道超前支护施工中,由于采用了水平旋喷桩施工工艺,成功地解决了安-侨区间暗挖隧道在饱和粉细砂层及砾砂层中近距离穿越大断面雨水箱涵及φ500 mm次高压燃气管线的难题,节约了施工成本,充分显示了水平旋喷桩施工工艺在富水砂层浅埋暗挖隧道开挖预支护工程应用上的经济优势。文章论述了水平旋喷桩的工艺机理、适应性、优缺点以及在该工程中的应用效果。     

Analyzing urban bus service reliability at the stop, route, and network levels

Improving the reliability of bus service has the potential to increase the attractiveness of public transit to current and prospective riders. An understanding of service reliability is necessary to develop strategies that help transit agencies provide better services. However, few studies have been conducted analyzing bus reliability in the metropolis of China. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of service reliability based on bus operational characteristics in Beijing. Three performance parameters, punctuality index based on routes (PIR), deviation index based on stops (DIS), and evenness index based on stops (EIS), are proposed for the evaluation of bus service reliability. Reliability involves routes, stops, punctuality, deviation, and evenness. The relationship among the three parameters is discussed using a numerical example. Subsequently, through a sampling survey of bus lines in Beijing, service reliability at the stop, route, and network levels are estimated. The effects of route length, headway, the distance from the stop to the origin terminal, and the use of exclusive bus lanes are also analyzed. The results indicate low service reliability for buses in Beijing and a high correlation between service reliability and route length, headway, distance from the stop to the origin terminal, and the provision of exclusive bus lanes.