A robust non-Hertzian contact method for wheel–rail normal contact analysis

A modified Kik–Piotrowski (MKP) model is proposed in this paper for an accurate and robust calculation of wheel–rail normal contact problem. The presented method is able to consider the relationship between the elastic deformation of a line and the normal pressure distribution within the contact patch. A novel shape correction method is put forward to correctly describe the elastic deformation of the contact patch. Taking the results estimated by Kalker’s variational method and Kik–Piotrowski method as references, the proposed method is validated by three contact cases, including the assumed standardised non-Hertzian contact and the two-point contact, as well as the contact behaviours based on three actual wheel–rail profiles. The simulation results indicate that, compared with Kik–Piotrowski method, the proposed MKP method achieves better agreement with Kalker’s variational method. Moreover, the MKP method can avoid the abrupt change of wheel–rail normal force due to the sudden transfer of the contact point, which contributes to a better computational stability.     

Tire wear estimation based on nonlinear lateral dynamic of multi-axle steering vehicle

This paper presents a novel nonlinear dynamic model of a multi-axle steering vehicle to estimate the lateral wear amount of tires. Firstly, a 3DOF nonlinear vehicle dynamic model is developed, including dynamic models of the hydropneumatic suspension, tire, steering system and toe angle. The tire lateral wear model is then built and integrated into the developed vehicle model. Based on the comparison of experimental and simulation results, the nonlinear model is proved to be better than a linear model for the tire wear calculation. In addition, the effects of different initial toe angles on tire wear are analyzed. As simulation results shown, the impact of the dynamic toe angle on the tire wear is significant. The tire wear amount will be much larger than that caused by normal wear if the initial toe angle increases to 1° - 1.5°. The results also suggest that the proposed nonlinear model is of great importance in the design and optimazation of vehicle parameters in order to reduce the tire wear.     

防抱死制动系统对SUV车辆操控稳定性仿真分析

针对SUV车辆在制动情况下出现的操纵性和稳定性变差现象,在CarSim软件中建立了SUV车辆动力学模型,在对开的路面对行驶的紧急制动工况进行了仿真,初步发现防抱死系统对该工况下车辆操纵稳定性的影响最大,为进一步验证,与Simulink结合建立了整车联合仿真模型,将Carsim中SUV制动过程中的制动压力导出至Simulink模型作制动仿真测试,进一步描绘出车轮侧偏角、横移角速度和偏移位移等影响操纵稳定性的参数数值变化曲线,通过分析对比,确定了紧急制动条件下为SUV车辆加装防抱死系统能达到提高操纵稳定性的目标,最终达到安全驾驶的目的。     

不同弹性地基板的力学响应分析

以薄板理论为前提,通过汉克尔积分变换,推导在圆形均布荷载作用下k(文克勒)地基、E(半空间)地基,以及双参数地基3种不同弹性地基上无限大板的挠度和弯矩的解析解,得到在不同地基和荷载半径条件下荷载中心点的挠度系数、弯矩系数值,以及沿板半径方向的弯沉盆。分析3种地基模型及荷载半径对板力学响应量的影响差异。     

汽车操纵稳定性道路试验和评价系统设计

汽车的操纵稳定性(操稳)直接影响汽车的主动安全,针对整车道路试验建立操稳试验测试平台,解决了各操稳试验变量物理信号的实时采集和储存,基于Matlab GUI开发操稳试验后处理软件,实现了操稳数据的自动化分析和打分。利用测试和评价系统,完成某款国产轿车操稳性能的道路测试和评价,验证了测试系统和后处理软件的实用性。     

路基边坡支挡结构物大比例模型试验系统的开发

为了对路基边坡支挡结构物开展更深入的研究,并考虑到室内小模型试验存在的比尺效应等问题,自行开发了大型路基边坡支挡结构物模型试验系统,为进行室内路基边坡支挡结构物大比例模型试验研究提供了可能。试验系统主要由模型槽、加载系统、测试系统、人工降雨系统、地下水系统以及试验所需的土料和结构物等组成。     

港口物流市场竞争秩序构建及其结构优化

分析了中国港口物流市场的发展现状,指出了其中存在的问题,从规范港口物流市场行为和调整港口市场结构两个方面提出了构建港口物流市场竞争秩序的构想,并从4个方面提出了我国港口物流市场结构的优化策略。     

Experimental study on the nonlinear pressure acting on a high-speed vessel in regular waves

It is well known that the hydrodynamic responses of a high-speed vessel traveling in regular head waves of even moderate wave height can show significant nonlinear behavior, and so linear statistical techniques become insufficient for predicting the statistics of responses in irregular waves. On the other hand, it has been shown that an approximate third-order Volterra model is applicable to handling the statistics of some nonlinear seakeeping problems, such as motions and vertical hull girder loads. In the present study, the focus is on the nonlinear behavior of the pressure responses of the hull surface, especially on the pressures acting on alternately wet and dry areas near the waterline and on the bow zone with high deadrise angles that may be subject to slight impact and water pile-up effects. To clarify the validity of applying Volterra modeling to this problem, a series of experiments in regular and irregular head waves were carried out, and approximate third-order and fifth-order Volterra models with the proposed algorithm for finding frequency response functions (FRFs) were applied as a means of validation. In the present article, the first part of the validation was performed using experimental data in regular waves. It was confirmed that the third-order Volterra model has adequate accuracy to simulate deterministically the variation of pressure responses in regular waves of different wave steepness up to a wave amplitude to wavelength ratio of 0.01 even for the highly nonlinear pressures acting on the above-mentioned areas of the hull surface.     

加强公务员公共服务能力建设的思考

转变政府职能,建设公共服务型政府,为公众提供更好的公共服务,是当前中国改革与发展进程的迫切要求。适应形势发展,加快公务员公共服务能力建设显得尤为重要。     

MT-2型货车缓冲器的装配和检验

介绍了MT-2型货车缓冲器的特点,具有低阻抗、大容量、高吸收率、性能稳、寿命长、装车使用方便等优点。并从工艺分析、工艺路线、技术准备、设备及工艺装备、装配流程、检测检验等方面进行了简单的阐述。