海水-冰晶两相流非等温流动及传热研究

船舶在冰区航行时,存在冰晶颗粒混合海水流入船舶冷却系统现象。基于颗粒动力学理论,建立适用于海水-冰晶两相流的欧拉-欧拉双流体模型,耦合相间传热传质模型对海水-冰晶两相流在水平直管内流动及传热特性数值模拟。研究表明,冰晶颗粒流动过程中,在管道上部位置R=8~10mm处冰晶体积分数达到最大值,且随着速度增加而增大;当入口含冰率(IPF)为4%时,冰晶速度的最大值出现在管道中心轴线上方。当入口速度为1.0~3.0 m·s-1,含冰率4%~30%时,局部传热系数随入口速度及含冰率增大而增加。     

船岸连接系统国产化研究

为突破国外技术封锁,本文在对国外船岸连接系统分析的基础上开展国产化产品的功能、组成、工作原理的设计分析;同时,根据用户使用需求,对三种连接方式进行了分析。在完成国产化船岸连接系统设计研究基础上,对系统特点及兼容性进行了总结。经本项目研究,国产化船岸连接系统可满足实际部署的功能、性能及兼容性要求。     

威海双岛湾科技城一号桥主索鞍设计

根据以往国内大型悬索桥的设计经验,对威海双岛湾科技城一号桥主索鞍设计进行了探讨;并通过ANSYS进行有限元分析,对主索鞍座受力进行了分析。经过对计算结果的分析和比较发现,高应力区都集中在连接部位和接触部位,随着远离接触点,应力迅速下降。该次计算的应力结果较为均匀,基本满足规范要求。     

西安地铁二号线地裂缝段防水设计探讨

地裂缝是西安市地铁工程建设面临的重大难题,其活动将给地铁的防水带来很大的压力.结合西安市地铁二号线地裂缝段处置措施的课题研究,对地裂缝的成因及特点进行了说明;根据地裂缝段地铁的结构设置情况和地裂缝的特点,提出了GINA止水带法、可卸式管片拼装双层结构法和管中管法等三种具体的防水方案.     

隧道混凝土防水性能研究

从多孔介质渗流力学角度出发,研究了水在混凝土中的渗流规律,通过试验测定了混凝土的渗透系数和启动压力梯度,并结合非Darcy渗流理论分析了水在混凝土内渗透深度和时间的关系.结果表明,混凝土的渗透系数极低;水在渗透过程中存在一个平衡深度;隧道混凝土可以达到较高的抗渗等级,而抗渗等级法不适合评价高强混凝土.通过研究,提出抗收缩能力才应是防水混凝土的关键问题所在,并希望在今后的防水混凝土配合比设计中得到足够重视.     

支撑式TBM与双护盾式TBM在设计选型中的比较

如何对硬岩隧道(洞)施工中使用的TBM进行设计选型?相信这是每个工程业主和设计院都需要面对的问题.通过对硬岩隧道(洞)掘进中,支撑式和双护盾式TBM的施工方法及设备功能包括对地质的适应性以及初期支护与混凝土衬砌型式、不良地质地段处理方法、出碴运输方式、环境影响等进行比较,并结合辽宁省大伙房输水一期工程输水隧洞施工中TBM的工程实践,提出了弥补支撑式TBM开挖和衬砌不能平行作业的改进构想,提出了采用栈桥式仰拱模板台车和全环内通式模板台车的施工方法.通过改进,可实现一模养生、一模浇注、第三模移动框架梁的作业工序.     

NFM盾构机带压开舱换刀技术

文章以深圳地铁2号线东延线2222标段工程中采用的带压开舱换刀试行方法为依托,针对NFM土压平衡盾构机的设备情况,总结出了相关的技术方案,主要包括开舱前的准备工作和带压开舱换刀作业的整个实施流程及相关技术要点。     

隧道内爆炸作用衬砌结构的动力响应和损伤机理研究

隧道内爆炸作用可能导致其衬砌结构的破坏和坍塌,造成车辆通行受阻和生命财产损失。为了研究隧道衬砌结构的抗爆性能,应用AUTODYN软件建立了隧道衬砌-岩石-土壤的三维数值模型,并考虑炸药-空气-结构的流固耦合相互作用,以及隧道内爆炸作用对衬砌结构的动力响应和损伤机理进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明:在不同炸药量作用下,超压峰值及冲量以爆心地面投影点为中心,向四周迅速衰减,表现出一定的规律性;离爆心最近的底板首先出现损伤,并向四周扩展,直墙角部由于受到底板竖向变形而引起的拉应力作用,较早地出现损伤,在直墙壁和拱顶产生纵向和环向的裂缝,这些裂缝把整体式隧道衬砌结构分割成大小不等的混凝土块体。     

Numerical Simulation of Float-Over Installation for Offshore Platform

In this paper, a numerical investigation of a float-over installation for an offshore platform is presented to verify the feasibility of the actual installation. The hydrodynamic performance of a T-barge is investigated in the frequency domain, and the coupled motions are analyzed in the time domain. We then compare with those of the model test and determine that the response amplitude operator and the time series agree quite well. The barge exhibits favorable hydrodynamic behavior in the considered sea state, and the equipment loads are allowable. The mooring system and sway fender forces are within the permissible range. Based on these results, we can verify that the actual installation of the offshore platform is feasible. We accurately simulated many important factors and effectively reduced the risk associated with the offshore installation, which is of great importance. As such, we demonstrate that the numerical simulation of the float-over installation for offshore platforms has practical engineering significance.     

Analysis on the Effects of Overloading on the Mechanical Properties of Tunnel Structures in the Silty Ground --A Case Study of Sutong River-crossing GIL Utility Tunnel北大核心CSCD

Based on the Sutong GIL utility tunnel project, which is constructed by the shield machine under the river, and as for the overloading problem at the river bank slope during operating period, the refined threedimensional finite element model was established to study the deformation and cracking characteristics of the tunnel segment structure under different forms of overloading. The evolution laws of section convergence, joint opening and structural stress were analyzed, and the structure damage mechanisms were revealed under conditions of large area loading and local loading. The surface-surcharge control standard was proposed. For the big diameter shield tunneling crossing the silty clay, the research results show that: (1) the deformation failure process is divided into three stages under large area loading condition, taking the design load and compressive yield of rebars inside haunch as the critical points respectively. The first stage is characterized by the elastic stress, the second stage is in plastic state with fracture, and the third stage is accelerating deformation and instability stage. The vertical convergence is 110.5 mm with no opening of joints when rebars are yielded; (2)the deformation failure process under local loading condition is also divided into elasticity, plasticity and instability stages, taking the design load and tensile yield of rebars outside haunch as the critical points respectively. The vertical convergence is 152.6 mm with joint opening of 4.36 mm; (3) the early-warning values of additional stress on the ground under conditions of large area loading and local loading are 110 kPa and 70 kPa respectively. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.