Fabrication of a Novel Porous Poly（Vinylidene Fluoride） Blend Five-Bore Membrane for Wastewater Treatment

Porous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blend five-bore hollow fiber membranes are prepared by wet phase inversion methods. In spinning these PVDF hollow fibers, N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) are used as the solvent and the non-solvent additive, respectively. The external coagulant uses water. The internal coagulants use water and DMAc-water solutions. The membranes are characterized in terms of water flux and molecular weight cut-off for the wet membranes. The cross-sectional structures are examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of polymer concentration and the internal coagulant on the permeation properties and membrane structures are examined keeping the bore liquid flow and air-gap constants. Relative high flux, rejection and strengh PVDF five-bore hollow fiber membranes could be prepared from the polymer concentration in dope solution at 17% of mass fraction, the air gap distance of 14 cm, and using 10% of mass fraction of DMAc solution as the internal coagulant at 13mL/min of flow.     

Grafting watermelon seedling production management system based on process control strategy

Greenhouse environmental management, seedling bed scheduling, and fertilizer and water management are the core technologies of seedling nursery. Precision management and control of the whole production process guarantees high grated seedling quality. In order to improve management efficiency of grafted watermelon seedling production and seedling quality, this paper designs and develops a grafted watermelon seedling production management system based on process control methods by process control strategy, seedling bed planning design, and handheld device technology.     

高速公路路基工后长期沉降稳定判别

随着高速公路建设的迅速发展,公路软基工后长期沉降问题日益得到重视,预测工后长期沉降和判别工后长期沉降是否稳定对高速公路养护和拓宽至关重要。文章提出了路基工后长期沉降稳定的标准,即:路基某时间段的实测沉降小于次固结沉降计算值、且实测沉降速率小于次固结沉降速率的计算值,并应用实际工程中;并对盐靖高速公路和启杨高速公路路基沉降观测资料进行分析,认为次固结沉降与主固结沉降之间呈线性正相关关系。     

大跨径斜拉桥塔墩梁固结处空间受力分析

安徽五河淮河桥大桥为混合梁斜拉桥,跨径布置为(246+125)m,为独塔双索面塔墩梁固结体系.利用Midas/Civil建立空间杆系模型进行整体静力分析,确定塔墩梁部位四种最不利荷载工况,得到其活载影响线加载位置和荷载大小.再利用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS建立塔墩梁固结处三维实体模型进行受力分析,为设计与施工提供科学理论依据.     

基于复杂网络理论的客运专线网络可靠性分析

随着客运专线网络的逐渐完善,人们对其可靠性也提出了更高要求。利用复杂网络理论对客运专线网络的可靠性进行分析,有利于发现网络中的关键节点及薄弱环节,从而有针对性地对网络进行完善。基于复杂网络理论,建立客运专线网络模型,并计算该复杂网络模型的静态统计特征,包括度分布、聚类系数和平均路径长度,得出客运专线网络是典型的无标度复杂网络。分别在随机性攻击和选择性攻击两种模式下,从网络的全局效率和最大连通子图的相对大小两个指标,对客运专线网络的可靠性进行分析,得知客运专线网络对随机性攻击的抗破坏能力较强,而对选择性攻击的抗攻击能力较弱,最后提出了提高客运专线网络可靠性的建议。     

漂石地层土压平衡盾构掘进速度模型研究

目前针对漂石地层土压平衡盾构的掘进速度模型研究比较少。借助成都地铁某区间盾构隧道工程,根据现场施工实测数据,利用统计分析、模型回归等方法分析了参数间的相关性,并依据掘进速度与其他参数间的关系建立了成都漂石地层中的掘进速度模型。研究结果表明:在成都漂石地层中,影响掘进速度最大的因素依次是贯入度、刀盘转速;掘进速度和刀盘转速、贯入度、螺旋机转速成正比,与总推力、土仓压力正反比;掘进速度与扭矩不是简单的线性关系,扭矩在一定范围时,掘进速度缓慢增加,当扭矩大于一定值后,掘进速度随着扭矩的增大而减小。这些关系对漂石地层土压平衡盾构的参数选择和匹配有重要的指导意义,所建立的模型可为盾构掘进参数的优化、预测和控制提供依据。     

Investigation on the formation mechanism of ordered carbide (FeMn)<Subscript>3</Subscript>AlC in the Al added twinning-induced plasticity steels

The spinodal composition zone in Al added Fe-Mn-Al-C twinning-induced plasticity（TWIP） steels can be determined by contents of Al and C and aging temperature together, based on the thermodynamic analysis. Precipitation of ordered（FeMn）₃AlC carbide by the mechanism of spinodal decomposition occurs in the C-rich and Al-rich zone with low aging temperature. Increase of aging temperature shrinks spinodal composition zone to the high Al and C contents. As a result, the precipitation of（FeMn）₃AlC carbide alters from spinodal decomposition to classical nucleation-growth manner gradually. Further calculation indicates that the diffusion of Al can play a key role in determining the growth rate of（FeMn）₃AlC carbide at high aging temperature.     

Non-probabilistic reliability research on multi-variable hydraulic turbine blade model

Based on the interval mathematics and possibility theory, the variables existing in hydraulic turbine blade are described. Considering the multi-failure mode in turbine blade, multi-variable model is established to meet the actual situation. Thus, non-probabilistic reliability index is presented by comparing with the output range and the given range.     

TRAIL在食道鳞癌及癌旁组织中的表达

目的　研究人肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体 (TNF relatedapoptosisinducingligand ,TRAIL)在食道鳞癌及癌旁组织中的表达及意义。方法　采用免疫组化S -P法 ,检测 42例食道鳞状细胞癌及其癌旁组织中TRAIL蛋白表达水平。结果　TRAIL在正常食道粘膜上皮、单纯增生、不典型增生、鳞癌组织中其阳性表达呈递减趋势 (P <0 .0 1) ;在Ⅰ、Ⅱ级鳞癌明显高于Ⅲ级和未分化鳞癌 (P <0 .0 1)。而在早期鳞癌和晚期鳞癌中的表达无差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。伴有淋巴结转移组和无转移组之间无差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　TRAIL的表达可能与食道鳞癌的发生、发展密切相关 ;与食道鳞癌的分级呈负相关 ;与癌组织浸润深度和淋巴结转移无关。     

中继语与大学英语写作的定式思维问题

大学英语写作中中继语对修辞方面出现的定式思维问题有明显影响，大学生应能注意到这种影响，并在写作中有意识地模仿英语修辞模式，写出地道的英语文章。