Comparison of Biomechanical Properties and Hemodynamics of Three Different Vena Cava Filters

The interaction mechanism of three types of vena cava filters (VCFs) with blood vessels and their influence on the bloodstream during the process of implantation are investigated by finite element method and computational fluid dynamics. The VCF models are set up with Solidworks software. Using ABAQUS software, we simulate the working conditions of the VCFs in the vessel to analyze the stress distribution and radial support stiffness of the vessel wall and the filter surface. Using FLUENT software, we simulate and analyze the velocity, pressure and shear stress distributions of blood flow when the VCFs are at their working conditions. For the retrievable VCF (R-VCF), the peak stress at the working conditions of the VCF is the highest, the peak stress toward the vessel wall is the lowest, and the support stiffness is the lowest. For the permanent VCF (P-VCF), the peak stress at the working conditions of the VCF is the highest, the peak stress toward the vessel wall is the lowest, and the support stiffness is the highest. Because of the structure of scaffolding support units and the tendency to form intimal hyperplasia on their support units, both the convertible VCF (C-VCF) and the P-VCF can embed their support units in the hyperplasia skin. This effectively prevents them from harming blood veins through filter damage at the pulse load conditions. As the biomechanical property of the C-VCF is between those of the R-VCF and the P-VCF, it has smaller obstacle to blood flow after conversion and has some fragmentation effects on the thrombus. The results show that different types of VCFs differ in their biomechanical and hemodynamic properties after implantation. Therefore, the simulative analysis can provide a reference basis for filter design and clinical decision making.     

倒航靠泊技术在东营港5号泊位的应用

东营港中海油码头5号泊位的走向与泊位附近的流(往复流)向接近一致。当落潮流时,大型油船顺流左舷靠泊操纵比较困难,如果在该泊位回旋水域向左掉头顶流右舷靠泊,又存在触碰东营港公共引桥的风险,所以通常选择涨潮流时顶流左舷靠泊。落潮流时大型油船不能安全靠泊作业对码头生产效率和船期周转产生不利影响。     

国产车用尿素可替代性试验研究

使用商业钒基SCR催化转化器和某国Ⅳ重型柴油机,在AVL发动机台架上对3种国产车用尿素进行了相互替代性试验,研究中考虑了不同尿素对SCR催化转换器的起燃特性、动态响应、NOx转化率和NH3泄漏等性能的影响。试验排气温度为160～440℃,n(NOx)∶n(NH3)(物质的量之比)从0.8变化到1.2。研究发现:相同条件下3种尿素对SCR系统起燃温度基本没有影响,ESC和ETC循环NOx转化率都在70%以上,同时对其他常规气态排放和NH3泄漏没有明显影响,可以互相替代使用;相同条件下,单位体积尿素溶液中尿素含量越高,SCR系统动态响应越快,ESC和ETC循环NOx转化率越高。     

国Ⅳ SCR发动机瞬态循环下NH_3泄漏特性研究

对6台采用SCR后处理技术的国Ⅳ排放水平的发动机进行了瞬态ETC测试,分析其NH3泄漏特性。研究发现:低速时发动机反拖及小负荷工况下的NH_2泄漏量较大;高速时NH_3泄漏量较大,且随着负荷的增大呈现增大的趋势;排温突然升高或降低都可能导致NH_3泄漏。     

基于抗车辙功能的高模量沥青混凝土应用研究

针对沥青路面的车辙损坏,通过掺加改性剂PR／RA以提高沥青混凝土模量,达到有效提高路面抗车辙能力的目的。介绍了高模量沥青混凝土（HMAC）的研究成果,如提出基于抗车辙功能高模量沥青混凝土的合理设置层位和模量值的合理取值范围、抗车辙能力强的高模量沥青路面结构组合,以及高模量沥青混凝土路面典型结构等。并结合试验路实体工程,提出高模量沥青混凝土路面的施工工艺与质量控制技术。     

船舶高压空气复杂管网放空计算与试验

采用理论分析、仿真计算和试验测量相结合的手段,对现有高压空气放空质量流量计算方法进行评估.首先分析传统计算方法的根源和适用模型,并在计算程序中增加对亚音速流状态的计算.然后用Flowmaster软件对与船舶接近的主要高压放空工况进行建模计算.最后首次采用科氏力质量流量计测量了这几种放空工况的真实质量流量.对3种方法的结果分析表明:科氏力质量流量计可用于可压缩流高速流动工况的试验测量,采用Flowmaster计算出的质量流量曲线能更加接近试验测量曲线.     

Spectrum Feature Retrieval and Comparison of Remote Sensing Images Using Improved ISODATA Algorithm

Due to the large quantities of data and high relativity of the spectra of remote sensing images, K-L transformation is used to eliminate the relativity. An improved ISODATA (Interative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Technique A) algorithm is used to extract the spectrum features of the images. The computation is greatly reduced and the dynamic arguments are realized. The comparison of features between two images is carried out, and good results are achieved in simulation.     

城市道路车辆分类及折算系数研究

城市道路上交通构成复杂,对交通流进行研究时希望能够有一个统一的标准来计量道路上行驶的车辆。车辆折算系数是指将混合车流中的各种车型转化成标准车的当量值,是道路规划与设计中的重要指标之一。由于该系数在不同地点和时间的交通流状况下不尽相同,就需要一种调查简单而结果又合理的计算方法。从定义各类型车辆所占用的动态空间瞬时车道占有率入手,提出了以车辆瞬时占用车道长度与速度的比值为参数,基于模糊动态聚类对车辆进行分类的方法。并利用该方法对城市主干路上的交通调查数据进行了计算,将车辆进行合理的分类,并根据最佳分类的聚类中心值给出了城市道路上的车辆折算系数,最后分析了城市道路上各种车辆折算系数的特点。     

桥梁裂缝产生原因浅析论

介绍了桥梁裂缝产生的几种原因。