Subjective-utility travel time budget modeling in the stochastic traffic network assignment

ABSTRACT

In this article, we propose a new model called subjective-utility travel time budget (SU-TTB) model to capture travelers' risk-averse route choices. In the travel time budget (TTB) and mean-excess travel time (METT) model, a predefined confidence level is needed to capture the risk-aversion in route choice. Due to the day-to-day route travel time variations, the exact confidence level is hard to be predicted. With the SU-TTB model, we assume travelers' confidence level belongs to an interval that they may comply with in the route choice. The two main components of SU-TTB are the utility function and the TTB model. We can show that the SU-TTB can be reduced to the TTB and METT model with proper utility function for the confidence levels. We can also prove its equivalence with our recently proposed nonlinear-expectation route travel time (NERTT) model in some cases and give some new interpretation on the NERTT with this equivalence. Finally, we formulate the SU-TTB model as a variational inequality (VI) problem to model the risk-averse user equilibrium (RAUE), termed as generalized RAUE (GRAUE). The GRAUE is solved via a heuristic gradient projection algorithm, and the model and solution algorithm are demonstrated with the Braess's traffic network and the Nguyen and Dupuis's traffic network.     

State estimation in roll dynamics for commercial vehicles

Accurate lateral load transfer estimation plays an important role in improving the performance of the active rollover prevention system equipped in commercial vehicles. This estimation depends on the accurate prediction of roll angles for both the sprung and the unsprung subsystems. This paper proposes a novel computational method for roll-angle estimation in commercial vehicles employing sensors which are already used in a vehicle dynamic control system without additional expensive measurement units. The estimation strategy integrates two blocks. The first block contains a sliding-mode observer which is responsible for calculating the lateral tyre forces, while in the second block, the Kalman filter estimates the roll angles of the sprung mass and those of axles in the truck. The validation is conducted through MATLAB/TruckSim co-simulation. Based on the comparison between the estimated results and the simulation results from TruckSim, it can be concluded that the proposed estimation method has a promising tracking performance with low computational cost and high convergence speed. This approach enables a low-cost solution for the rollover prevention in commercial vehicles.     

高校图书馆的人力资源管理略论

文章分析了当前高校图书馆人力资源管理存在的问题,对加强人力资源管理的必要性提出了看法,并就加强人力资源管理的有效途径进行了探讨。     

快速老化小鼠的学习记忆缺陷及其生化机制

目的用快速老化小鼠(SAMP8)模拟老年痴呆,观察其学习记忆能力,并探讨其学习记忆能力下降的可能机制。方法采用10月龄SAMP8,并用同龄抗快速老化小鼠(SAMR1)作为正常对照。用水迷路检测近记忆以及空间学习记忆能力。用生物化学方法检测大脑皮层线粒体膜电位和ATP酶活力,观察线粒体功能;检测皮层和海马胆碱乙酰基转移酶(ChAT)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活力,观察中枢胆碱能神经功能;检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量,观察其全身性氧化应激状况。结果与SAMR1相比,SAMP8出现明显的衰老体征,其近记忆和空间学习记忆能力明显减弱,具有衰老和痴呆特征;皮层线粒体膜电位和ATP酶活力显著降低,海马ChAT活力显著下降,AChE活力显著升高,血清SOD活力稍有增高。结论SAMP8可以很好地模拟老年痴呆,其机制包括大脑皮层线粒体功能降低、海马胆碱能神经功能下降以及氧化应激等。     

NT4-Ant-Shepherdin[79-87]融合基因重组载体的构建

目的设计构建携带NT4-Ant-Shepherdin[79-87]的cDNA融合基因的重组载体,为针对Survivin的靶向治疗奠定基础。方法应用非对称引物/模板法、PCR技术制备NT4-Ant-Shepherdin[79-87]cDNA片断,连接于pGEM-T-Easy载体,经克隆测序、酶切后与PBV220/NT4质粒连接;转化感受态细胞E.coliDH5α,亚克隆获得NT4-Ant-Shepherdin[79-87]融合基因。结果克隆出Ant-Shepherdin[79-87]基因,经酶切及测序证实结果正确;连接PBV220/NT4,经克隆、酶切,琼脂糖凝胶电泳证实获得321bp的NT4-Ant-Shepherdin[79-87]目的基因片断。结论通过分子生物学技术成功构建了携带NT4-Ant-Shepherdin[79-87]融合基因的重组载体,为进一步研究针对Survivin的靶向抗肿瘤作用奠定了基础。     

有限供给条件下的深圳大鹏交通出行链研究

大鹏城郊旅游交通组织是深圳城市交通不可回避的问题。在大鹏新区成立的当下,城市开发的冲动催生交通基础设施建设规模有不断提升的趋势,势必与大鹏"保护为先"的发展思路产生对立,大鹏的交通何去何从?从梳理不同城区功能发展诉求下交通出行链构建角度,探寻有限供给下的新区交通系统构建方式。     

跨既有线支架现浇简支梁桥施工方案研究

由于既有铁路安全限界的限制,新建跨既有铁路高墩简支梁桥的施工空间小、施工难度大,方案制定较为困难。针对跨既有铁路高墩简支梁桥的实际情况,确定盖梁、现浇梁的施工方案为托架与贝雷梁相结合的方法,经结构受力检算,方案构件均满足施工要求。实施结果表明:该方案较为经济、施工速度快、安全可靠,可为以后类似工程的施工提供参考。     

舰船电力系统保护性能优化的自适应算法

为满足舰船电力系统保护在快速性和选择性方面的要求,提出保护性能优化模型,根据电力系统的运行方式、拓扑结构和故障类型的变化,实时在线计算并修改保护整定值的自适应保护方法。将快速性和选择性指标作为保护性能综合指标的基本元素,采用模拟退火粒子群算法进行优化,最终实现不同运行工况下保护性能最优的整定值自适应调整。并在PSCAD/EMTDC软件中建立包含自适应保护算法的舰船电力系统保护仿真模型,仿真结果证明所提方法可有效提高系统保护性能。     

超巴拿马型集装箱船球艏型线优化研究

为获得更优的EEDI指数,实现油耗降低,要求集装箱船型线设计方案在不同的速度点均满足阻力较优。以一艘超巴拿马型集装箱船为研究对象,在人工优化后型线基础上,利用数值优化集成系统,采用最优化技术、自由变形技术(FFD)和计算流体力学技术(CFD),对船体首部型线进一步优化。要在设计吃水下15~21kn速度段内,达到降低阻力的目的。模型试验和数值计算均证实这一多速度点数值优化比较成功。     

循环载荷下考虑累积塑性影响的含中心穿透裂纹板CTOD研究

裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)是评估结构材料韧性以及分析低周疲劳破坏引起的裂纹扩展的重要参量。结合Dugdale模型,以裂纹尖端累积塑性应变为控制参量,提出了一个循环载荷下含裂纹船体板的CTOD计算模型;利用有限元法模拟了裂纹尖端累积塑性应变、平均应力、裂纹长度等相关因素影响;结合最小二乘法拟合出了基于累积塑性塑性应变、平均应力比以及裂纹长度的两阶多项式。研究表明,基于累积塑性应变的CTOD计算模型为正确评估循环载荷下船体板的累积塑性破坏提供了一种新途径。