Robust design optimization of suspension system by using target cascading method

This study presents the robust design optimization process of suspension system for improving vehicle dynamic performance (ride comfort, handling stability). The proposed design method is so called target cascading method where the design target of the system is cascaded from a vehicle level to a suspension system level. To formalize the proposed method in the view of design process, the design problem structure of suspension system is defined as a (hierarchical) multilevel design optimization, and the design problem for each level is solved using the robust design optimization technique based on a meta-model. Then, In order to verify the proposed design concept, it designed suspension system. For the vehicle level, 44 random variables with 3% of coefficient of variance (COV) were selected and the proposed design process solved the problem by using only 88 exact analyses that included 49 analyses for the initial meta-model and 39 analyses for SAO. For the suspension level, 54 random variables with 10% of COV were selected and the optimal designs solved the problem by using only 168 exact analyses for the front suspension system. Furthermore, 73 random variables with 10% of COV were selected and optimal designs solved the problem by using only 252 exact analyses for the rear suspension system. In order to compare the vehicle dynamic performance between the optimal design model and the initial design model, the ride comfort and the handling stability was analyzed and found to be improved by 16% and by 37%, respectively. This result proves that the suggested design method of suspension system is effective and systematic.     

粉房湾长江大桥钢桁梁支架拼装施工技术

重庆粉房湾长江大桥主桥为公轨两用钢桁梁斜拉桥,南岸边跨钢桁梁采用支架拼装.南岸边跨利用地形优势,在辅助墩与交界墩之间设置龙门吊,采用大吨位吊车配合龙门吊拼装完成辅助墩和交界墩之间的钢桁梁,再利用汽车吊配合龙门吊在桥面拼装回转吊机,交界墩与主墩之间的钢桁梁采用桥面回转吊机在支架上拼装,并采用临时立柱支撑配合拉杆的方法来控制线形.钢桁梁拼装至辅助墩和主墩时分别进行线形调整,完成体系转换.     

Development of an Operability Evaluation Framework for Remotely Controlled Ground Combat Vehicles in a Simulated Environment

This paper proposes a systematic framework for operability evaluation of remotely controlled ground combat systems (RGCS) in a simulated environment. The popular human-robot interaction metric used in unmanned vehicle systems is called fan-out (FO) and represents the maximum number of robots/vehicles that could be controlled by a single human operator. However, FO is inappropriate for systems with a lower level of automation where vehicles are remotely controlled by a human, such as RGCS. The theoretical background of the suggested framework is based on McRuer’s crossover model that was initially developed in the aviation domain for explaining pilot handling issues. In this study, an evaluation/analysis software prototype was developed, known as the RGCS operability evaluation tool in a simulated environment (ROPES). The ROPES was designed to be a simple tool for use by officers or researchers who only have intuitive understanding on the human adaptability. The ROPES includes two sub-modules; 1) an interactive interface for the configuration of the RGCS dynamic parameters and user interfaces and 2) a time-varying graphical display of system and human performance. Examples case studies demonstrate the advantage of the ROPES, and improvement points were identified for future development.     

发展虚拟无水港 降低物流成本应对危机

中国经济发展很快,沿海和内陆都在扩建港口,但物流成本却居高不下。经济危机给虚拟无水港发展带来机遇,到2010年底预计能为航运物流降低数百亿元的人民币成本。     

电动汽车能耗预测的研究

随着电动汽车的数量日趋增多,人们对于电动汽车能耗的关注度也逐渐增加。电动汽车受到电池性能和容量的约束,同时受到充电桩的位置、数量和充电时间的限制,容易使得驾驶员产生"里程焦虑"。因此续驶里程成为驾驶员关注的重要指标之一。准确的能耗预测能够给予驾驶员出行指导,减缓"里程焦虑"。围绕电动汽车能量消耗的影响因素进行了归纳总结,介绍了近年来能耗预测技术的研究现状和不足,并提出未来研究方向的发展趋势。     

正常和缺血再灌注豚鼠右心室游离壁跨壁传导和各向异性传导特性的测定

以玻璃微电极细胞内记录技术，研究了正常和模拟缺血再灌注条件下，豚鼠右心室游离壁的内、外膜下传导和跨壁传导等心肌传导特性。结果显示，在心肌缺血和再灌注过程中，兴奋在豚鼠右心室内膜下的扩布有所减慢但无方向性差异，心外膜不同方向上的传导差异则显著增大。同时，。Ｃ室肌外向和内向跨壁传导时间均有明显性延长，部分标本甚至出现完全性跨壁传导阻滞。，Ｇ肌传导特性的这种不均一性变化，为缺血和再灌注过程中折返激动的发生提供了有利条件。     

市政道路工程“多杆合一”设计影响因素与工程应用——以呼和浩特市为例

市政道路两侧各种杆件林立,种类繁多,布设繁杂,采取“多杆合一”可以提升城市景观、保障结构安全、简化设施数量。介绍各地“多杆合一”的推行现状、设计影响因素,并结合呼和浩特地区设计案例,描述“多杆合一”设计原则。研究结果将为内蒙古自治区其他盟市“多杆合一”工程的设计与施工提供参考。     

Grid convergence study in the resistance calculation of a trimaran

As a new type of hull form, trimaran has remarkable excellent performances and has drawn more and more attention. When the viscous CFD technology now available is applied to the research of resistance performance of trimaran, the spatial discretization would usually result in the grid error and uncertainty, and thus the considerable discrepancy between the numerical results and the experimental data. In order to ascertain how much the grid would affect the calculation, the grid convergence should be studied. A mathematical trimaran was chosen as an example, with the commercial code CFX for the simulation, VOF for surface treatment, and the grid study was carried out based on two different turbulence models. It was concluded that carrying out grid study is helpful in estimating the grid error and uncertainty, and indicating the direction of improving the credibility of the numerical calculation, and, in addition to grid errors and uncertainties, the turbulence modeling errors and uncertainties contribute to the simulation errors.     

为实现"五三一"战略目标迈向世界第一造机方阵

近年来我国船舶工业保持强劲增长势头,低速柴油机需求非常旺盛,在国家<船舶工业中长期发展规划>和集团公司"五三一"战略目标的指引下,沪东重机制定了宏伟的战略规划和目标,通过实施一体两翼发展战略、向先进的生产模式转变、推进质量自主管理、管理上积极开展BPS活动、提供周到的客服保障、创建和谐企业文化等多项举措,支撑公司2015年达到生产船用低速柴油机产量373万kW(500万hp)、船用主机配套本土化率85%的战略目标.     

甲板上浪2D数值模拟与试验研究

基于VOF法,采用动边界造波,对规则波中的浮体甲板上浪进行了2D数值模拟.得到了在不同倾角下甲板上浪的波形时历.基于PIV和浪高仪测试技术,在波浪水槽中对浮体在规则波中的甲板上浪进行了试验,得到了上浪水在甲板上的水位高度及波浪沿船首爬行、变形、破碎的过程.计算结果与试验结果进行了对比,验证了数值计算的可行性.