Approximate network loading and dual-time-scale dynamic user equilibrium

In this paper we present a dual-time-scale formulation of dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) with demand evolution. Our formulation belongs to the problem class that Pang and Stewart (2008) refer to as differential variational inequalities. It combines the within-day time scale for which route and departure time choices fluctuate in continuous time with the day-to-day time scale for which demand evolves in discrete time steps. Our formulation is consistent with the often told story that drivers adjust their travel demands at the end of every day based on their congestion experience during one or more previous days. We show that analysis of the within-day assignment model is tremendously simplified by expressing dynamic user equilibrium as a differential variational inequality. We also show there is a class of day-to-day demand growth models that allow the dual-time-scale formulation to be decomposed by time-stepping to yield a sequence of continuous time, single-day, dynamic user equilibrium problems. To solve the single-day DUE problems arising during time-stepping, it is necessary to repeatedly solve a dynamic network loading problem. We observe that the network loading phase of DUE computation generally constitutes a differential algebraic equation (DAE) system, and we show that the DAE system for network loading based on the link delay model (LDM) of Friesz et al. (1993) may be approximated by a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). That system of ODEs, as we demonstrate, may be efficiently solved using traditional numerical methods for such problems. To compute an actual dynamic user equilibrium, we introduce a continuous time fixed-point algorithm and prove its convergence for effective path delay operators that allow a limited type of nonmonotone path delay. We show that our DUE algorithm is compatible with network loading based on the LDM and the cell transmission model (CTM) due to Daganzo (1995). We provide a numerical example based on the much studied Sioux Falls network.     

偏压隧道处治措施及稳定性分析

以上瑞高速公路怀新段第8合同段青山冲隧道为工程实例,针对左线出口端洞口浅埋偏压情况,为了节约工程投资,实施了反压回填的处治方案,采用数值模拟分析及现场监控量测数据分析了偏压隧道支护结构的受力状态和稳定性,可供类似工程参考.     

锂离子电池应用于潜艇动力可行性分析

本文总结了锂离子动力电池特点,分析了潜艇环境对锂离子动力电池提出的要求,立足我国现有锂离子动力电池产业现状,简要梳理了我国锂离子动力电池在潜艇上应用所面临的问题,并得出体积比能量与电池安全性是锂离子动力电池装艇应用需要解决的关键问题的结论.     

潜艇新型作战系统发展构想

本文分析了潜艇作战系统的现状及发展趋势,并提出了对未来潜艇新型作战系统的功能目标和体系架构的发展设想和研究思路.     

集装箱物联网的应用前景

物联网被称为继计算机、互联网之后世界信息产业的第三次浪潮。[1]2009年温家宝总理基于物联网技术发展提出"感知中国"理念并将其上升为国家战略,美国总统奥巴马也把IBM基于物联网技术提出的"智慧地球"理念上升为国家战略。由此可见,当前许多国家都把发展新兴产业的突破口聚焦     

柴油机电控单体泵高速电磁阀驱动设计

介绍了柴油机电控单体泵高速电磁阀工作原理及其特点,基于Matlab Simulink对其驱动控制方式进行了仿真分析,给出了单体泵高速电磁阀控制的关键技术。结合分析结果通过对其驱动电路进行了设计,实现了单体泵电磁阀的快速开启与截止,从而精确控制喷油量。     

平地上高速列车的风致安全特性

为研究高速列车在强侧风作用下安全行驶问题,基于空气动力学和多体系统动力学理论,建立了高速列车空气动力学模型和车辆系统动力学模型.应用该模型计算了不同风向角、不同风速和不同车速下作用于车体上的侧风气动载荷.根据高速列车整车试验规范,以脱轨系数、轮重减载率、轮轴横向力和轮轨垂向力为运行安全指标,分析了头车、中间车和尾车的运行安全性.研究表明:头车的安全性最差,且风向角为90°时,横风情况下最危险.随着车速的增大,最大安全风速急剧减小.当车速为200km/h时,最大安全风速为29.61 m/s;当车速为400 km/h时,最大安全风速为18.87m/s.     

规范城市桥梁检测与维修养护工作

近几年,很多建成的桥梁中出现了大量的病害和破坏现象,一旦发生事故,将会造成经济损失和不良影响。因此,为了更好地防止病害发生、减少桥梁隐患,必须加强对桥梁的检测和维修加固工作。     

处置非常态突发事件应急物资动员模型研究

为满足非常态突发事件对物资的需求,将应急物资动员问题抽象为动员点选择、动员点上动员量的确定和动员点到需求点的最佳路径调配等问题.采用模糊数刻画动员时间的不确定性,建立了有限制期的应急物资动员模型,给出了相应求解思路和计算步骤.最后,以某区域突发事件发生后面粉动员方案的生成为例,得到模糊条件下有限制期的面粉动员方案.     

基于纸纤维改性的隧道工程透水砂浆性能研究北大核心CSCD

为提出一种适用于隧道初期支护基面找平并且具有一定透水性能的砂浆,将纸纤维加入砂浆试块中对其性能进行改性。通过分析纸纤维的降解原理,并将不同掺量的纸纤维加入砂浆试块中,对其体积密度、吸水率、抗压强度等基本性能指标及微观结构进行测试和分析。由试验结果可知:在碱性环境中,纸纤维具有可降解的性能特点;纸纤维可以使普通砂浆试块的吸水率提升2~3倍,同时也会造成砂浆试块的体积密度和抗压强度降低;对砂浆试块吸水率和抗压强度进行线性拟合后发现其吸水率和抗压强度呈现负相关关系。研究结果表明,通过纸纤维对砂浆进行透水性能的提升是可行的,但是纸纤维掺量对砂浆其他性能的影响还有待进一步研究。