落石撞击桥墩计算模型研究现状与展望

为了对桥墩进行科学的落石撞击验算及防落石撞击设计,分类整理了国内外相关研究成果,从落石撞击力的静力计算方法、简化动力计算方法、桥墩损伤特征及影响因素等方面进行了分析论述,为桥墩落石撞击验算及防落石撞击设计提供参考。对落石撞击力及结构撞击响应计算提出了建议和展望。     

NOVEL SPLICING MUTATION OF COL1A1 GENE CAUSING OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA TYPE I IN CHINESE PEDIGREE

Objective To detect the peculiar mutation in a Chinese family with osteogenesis imperfecta,COL1A1 and COL1A2 being analysed. Methods A genome screen was undertaken covering COL1A1 at 17q21-22 and COL1A2 at 7q22.1. The Linkage ( Version 5.1 ) was used for 2-point analysis. DNA sequencing was used to screen and identify the mutation. Results A linkage to the markers on chromosome 17q21-22 was observed. Sequence analysis of COL1A1 revealed a splicing mutation ( IVS8-2A ＞ G) that converted the 3' end of intron 8 from AG to GG. Conclusion This mutation ( IVS 8-2A ＞ G) is novel, and has not yet been registered in the Human Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅲ Collagen Mutations Database.     

DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF GENES IN OMENTAL FAT OF NORMAL WEIGHT AND OBESE SUBJECTS AND OBESE DIABETIC PATIENTS USING cDNA MICROARRAY

Objective To identify genes differentially expressed in omental fat of normal weight subjects,obese subjects and obese diabetic patients. Methods Using a high-density cDNA microarray, gene expression profile of omental fat from normal weigh subjects, obese subjects and obese diabetic patients were compared.Results Totally, 119 and 257 genes were up-regulated in obese subjects and obese diabetic patients respectively,while 46 and 58 genes were down-regulated. A total of 77 genes, including PDK4, which switched from carbohydrate to fatty acids as the primary source of fuel, were up-regulated in both obese and obese diabetic patients, while 8 genes, including key enzymes in lipid synthesis, such as HMG-CoA synthase, fatty acid synthase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase, were down-regulated in both groups. Tyrosine-3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein θ ( YWHAZ) , a negative regulator for insulin signal transduction, was up-regulated only in obese diabetic patient, but not in normal-glycemic obese subjects. Conclusion The study demonstrated that decrease of lipogenesis along with increase of fatty acids oxidation of adipose tissue could be a common cause of insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes, while block of insulin signal transduction may trigger the transition from obesity to diabetes. Further exploration of these genes will be useful in the understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes.     

INTRAOPERATIVE LOCALIZATION OF CORTICAL MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIALS IN CENTRAL SULCUS LESIONS

Objective To study direct cortical electrical stimulation technique for the recording of motor evoked potentials under general anesthesia in central sulcus lesions. Methods The largest N20-P25 response was recorded from postcentral gyrus by intraoperative monitoring of cortical motor evoked potentials in 10 patients with intracranial lesions near or in the central area. The muscles of upper extremity in all patients were activated by delivering stimulus to cortical areas continuously. Moving the cortical electrodes forward, the largest P20-N25 response, SEP phase reversal,was obtained as a motor center stimulus. In this site of cortex, a short train stimulation elicited reproducible muscle action potentials that could be observed from the oscilloscope without averaging.Results MEPs can be recorded, pre- and post-operatively, without motor deficits of upper limbs in all patients.Conclusion This technique seems to be preferable for intraoperative localization of motor evoked potentials in central sulcus lesions under total intravenous anesthesia.     

有效压缩比及再循环废气对直喷汽油机燃油消耗的影响

针对一款2.0 L自然吸气缸内直喷汽油机,通过调整配气相位,试验研究了有效压缩比和外部EGR对发动机燃油消耗的影响.研究结果表明:有效压缩比对燃油消耗率影响显著,降低有效压缩比,能够抑制爆震,改善燃油消耗.试验所选工况范围内,低有效压缩比相对高有效压缩比方案燃油消耗率降低2.7％,热效率提升1个百分点,但低有效压缩比情...     

超薄沥青混合料室内试验方法研究

超薄沥青混凝土面层是一种摊铺厚度为1.5～2.5cm之间的细粒式沥青面层,其主要目的是用于旧路的功能性恢复以及新建公路表面功能层。在大量室内试验的基础上,探索了超薄沥青混合料室内试验评价方法。     

Tool Wear Prediction in Micro-end-milling with Hard Material

The applications of micro-machining have increased drastically in the last ten years. However, tools with less than 1mm diameter using for micro-mills have very short and unpredictable life when they are used to cut hard metals. In this study, preliminary design of experiment (DOE) test program was conducted to investigate and identify the factors affecting tool wear at the micro-scale with hard material. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Taguchi method were efficient to determine appropriate cutting condition and the effect of parameters. A simple model was also developed to predict the width of slots on the workpiece along the cutting length. The obtained results can provide the basic guidelines for parameter setting of micro-end-milling with hard material.     

Study on Real-time Look-ahead and Adaptive Parametric Curve Interpolator

The principle of real-time look-ahead was introduced and analysed. An adaptive parametric curve interpolator with a real-time look-ahead function was developed for non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves interpolation, which considering the maximum acceleration/deceleration of the machine tool. In order to deal with the acceleration/deceleration around the feedrate sensitive corners, the look-ahead function was designed and illustrated. It can detect and adjust the feedrate adaptively. With the help of real-time look-ahead, the acceleration/deceleration can be limited to the range of the machine tool capacity. Thus, feedrate fluctuation is reduced. A NURBS curve interpolation experiment was provided to verify the feasibility and advantages of the proposed interpolator with a real-time look-ahead function.     

浅谈热压式沥青混凝土路面

热压式沥青混凝土路面(Hot Rolled Asphalt Pavement,HRA)作为一种独特的沥青混凝土路面形式,在英国得到了广泛的应用.分析了热压式沥青混凝土路面的结构形式及路用性能特点,简要叙述了HRA的类型和级配设计,并对其施工工艺做了简单的介绍.     

新型抗滑磨耗层混合料级配设计及路用性能研究

为了开发新型的抗滑磨耗层级配材料,从级配设计理论出发,分析抗滑磨耗层的粒径特征、空隙率、粗骨料含量、级配曲线走向等设计思路和重要影响因素,确定新型的抗滑磨耗层AK-13N的级配范围,并应用贝雷法对设计级配进行了合理评价.通过对4种典型类型的沥青混合料进行路用性能对比研究,试验结果表明AK-13N沥青混合料抗滑性能、防渗水能力、高温稳定性和耐久性表现突出;试验路证明了所设计的AK-13N密实骨架级配结构始终发挥着构成路面良好宏观构造的作用,且便于施工操作.因此,为选择合适的抗滑磨耗层提供了可靠理论依据和工程经验,具有重要的推广应用价值.