热带沙漠沿海气候区大体积混凝土配制及性能

依托多哈港实际工程,按照热带沙漠沿海气候区室内环境作用参数,针对C30、C40以及C50共3个强度等级混凝土的典型配比,利用温湿度交变箱模拟热带沙漠气候特点,研究温度和湿度对新拌混凝土坍落度、凝结时间以及重塑时间的影响,确立环境作用因素对新拌混凝土施工性能的影响规律,建立环境作用因素与新拌混凝土施工性能之间的函数关系,通过开展混凝土温度-应力试验来评价大体积混凝土在温度场和强约束边界条件共同作用下的混凝土的抗裂性,为热带沙漠沿海气候区大体积混凝土施工质量控制提供参考依据。     

Short‐term traffic flow prediction with linear conditional Gaussian Bayesian network

Traffic flow prediction is an essential part of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Most of the previous traffic flow prediction work treated traffic flow as a time series process only, ignoring the spatial relationship from the upstream flows or the correlation with other traffic attributes like speed and density. In this paper, we utilize a linear conditional Gaussian (LCG) Bayesian network (BN) model to consider both spatial and temporal dimensions of traffic as well as speed information for short‐term traffic flow prediction. The LCG BN allows both continuous and discrete variables, which enables the consideration of categorical variables in traffic flow prediction. A microscopic traffic simulation dataset is used to test the performance of the proposed model compared to other popular approaches under different predicting time intervals. In addition, the authors investigate the importance of spatial data and speed data in flow prediction by comparing models with different levels of information. The results indicate that the prediction accuracy will increase significantly when both spatial data and speed data are included. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent simulation model for metro station corridor width design

Metro station corridor and passengers are described as a G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent queuing system with a general random arrival interval G and a general random and state‐dependent service time G(n) to offset the shortcomings in existing design methods. The corresponding G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent discrete event simulation model is developed, and its high‐fidelity is tested. Then the optimization algorithm based on the simulation model is designed to determine corridor width. The proposed simulation optimization method and the existing analytical optimization methods, based on M/G(n)/C/C and D/D/1/C queuing models, are applied to design corridor width in a numerical example of 48 combinations of passenger flow rates and level of service (LOS). The designed corridor widths are tested in a micro‐simulation model, and the performance measure is compared. The result shows that the corridor widths obtained by the new method are 0.357 m (7.4%) larger than that of the other two methods on average; the area per passenger of the new method increases 10.53% and 11.63%, respectively, compared with that of the other two methods; the widths designed by the new method satisfy the requirement of LOS under various passenger flows, whereas 93% of the corridor widths obtained by the other two methods fail to meet the requirement of LOS, and the corridor widths designed by the new method have high elasticity coefficients of LOS‐width. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

舰船备件配置研究现状与思考

备件是舰船装备进行正常检修或应急修理的保障性物资,舰船备件配置水平的高低直接影响舰船装备保障的能力与费用。在舰船维修体制分析的基础上,通过对国内外舰船备件配置文献的梳理研究,依据不同的理论基础与数学模型,总结基于历史数据、METRIC理论和系统可靠性的配置方法,并对这些方法的优势与不足进行分析对比。在此基础上,提出考虑部件重要度、混合约束下的多目标优化以及备件共用策略优化这3个舰船备件配置研究未来的发展方向。     

绿色交通节能效益量化的问题与对策

研究了绿色交通节能效益量化的问题及其成因,提出了对策建议。     

矩形盾构隧道管片衬砌施工期结构性能的现场试验研究： 结合上海虹桥临空11-3地块地下连接通道工程

本文以国内首条矩形盾构隧道工程为背景,对矩形盾构衬砌结构在整个施工期的荷载及结构响应进行现场追踪测试,探索衬砌结构在施工期的主要受力阶段、结构外荷载及其响应随时间的变化规律,以全面掌握矩形盾构隧道衬砌结构在施工期的受力行为。研究结果表明： 1）衬砌结构在施工期的受力可划分为自重阶段、脱出盾尾阶段、同步注浆阶段和稳定荷载阶段; 2）脱出盾尾阶段和同步注浆阶段的结构外荷载分别为稳定荷载阶段的1.5~3.0倍和1.5~2.5倍,为衬砌结构在施工期的2个不利受力阶段; 3）稳定荷载阶段的结构外荷载及其分布与理论计算较为吻合; 4）衬砌结构在施工期的内力基本满足左右对称,内力分布特征与运营阶段基本一致。     

绞吸挖泥船横移过程二次型最优控制

在疏浚作业过程中,挖泥船主要的作业参数是由操作人员根据自己的经验、试挖情况以及挖泥船实际作业效果灵活确定的,而疏浚操作人员的经验和理论水平也相差较大,所以手动作业的实际产量要远远低于预计产量,效率低下,作业成本偏高,作业质量较差。为了克服该缺点,本文提出了一种基于疏浚系统状态空间模型的线性二次型最优控制策略,并设计了最优控制跟踪器应用于绞吸挖泥船横移过程的控制中,该跟踪器是智能控制替代人工操作的一种有效方法。文中对应用二次型最优控制策略的效果进行了MATLAB仿真分析,仿真结果表明：采用了二次型最优控制策略后,系统稳定、响应快、滞后小,对期望输出的跟踪性好,可以应用于挖泥船疏浚作业过程中。     

主动前轮转向控制技术的现状与发展趋势

文章在介绍两种主动前轮转向系统工作原理的基础上,从车辆动力学控制的角度,详细总结和分析了各种用于主动前轮转向的控制方法,包括横摆角速度控制、D*控制、侧倾稳定性控制和变转向传动比控制等。并指出在未来的主动前轮转向控制研究中,集成控制将是发展的必然方向。     

北美汽车工业的演变

分析北美自由贸易协议的演变,检验WTO多边贸易体制的影响,以加拿大汽车工业为例,为贸易规则试图对汽车工业的影响提供概述,对中国汽车工业的发展及其在多边贸易体制中的运作有一定的启发和借鉴。     

瞬态瑞雷波法在地基固结效果检测中的应用

基于软土固结中剪切波速增值与固结度的关系理论,介绍了将瑞雷波测试技术与室内土工试验成果相结合,检测分析软土地基固结效果的方法.将该检测方法应用于路基工程中,并与原位孔隙水压力监测成果对比分析,说明该方法是可靠的.