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181.
Relationship between quality and attributes of elliptical spot welds of high strength steel 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
More high strength steel(HSS) sheets are being applied in the automobile industry to improve safety and fuel efficiency.When HSS is spot welded, the strength of the welded-joint is usually determined by the attributes of the weld nugget.However, it is diffcult to obtain the circular nugget and to establish the relationship between the weld attributes and welding quality because of a large number of variables and experimental uncertainty.In the paper, the numerical analysis model of tensile-shear strength test for HSS spot welds was established.And the critical ellipticity of the elliptical spot weld was determined through finite element analysis.Quantitative relationship between elliptical weld attributes and weld strength was investigated statistically using the Latin hypercube and regression analysis method.The sheet thickness, nugget ellipticity, hardness radio and yield strength have the most influential attributes in affecting welding quality.The research results can be used as a guideline for HSS resistance spot welding design. 相似文献
182.
A. Hamish Jamson Frank C.H. Lai Oliver M.J. Carsten 《Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies》2008,16(4):471-484
Forward collision warning (FCW) systems can reduce rear-end vehicle collisions. However, if the presentation of warnings is perceived as mistimed, trust in the system is diminished and drivers become less likely to respond appropriately. In this driving simulator investigation, 45 drivers experienced two FCW systems: a non-adaptive and an adaptive FCW that adjusted the timing of its alarms according to each individual driver’s reaction time. Whilst all drivers benefited in terms of improved safety from both FCW systems, non-aggressive drivers (low sensation seeking, long followers) did not display a preference to the adaptive FCW over its non-adaptive equivalent. Furthermore, there was little evidence to suggest that the non-aggressive drivers’ performance differed with either system. Benefits of the adaptive system were demonstrated for aggressive drivers (high sensation seeking, short followers). Even though both systems reduced their likelihood of a crash to a similar extent, the aggressive drivers rated each FCW more poorly than their non-aggressive contemporaries. However, this group, with their greater risk of involvement in rear-end collisions, reported a preference for the adaptive system as they found it less irritating and stress-inducing. Achieving greater acceptance and hence likely use of a real system is fundamental to good quality FCW design. 相似文献
183.
Humaninterleukin 18(hIL 18)isanewlyiden tifiedcytokinemainly producedbymonocytesandmacrophages.ThecytokinecaninduceTh1cellstosecreteIFN γ ,IL 2andGM CSF .Itenhancesthecy totoxityofNKandCTLcell,andalsoreducesthelev elofIL 10 .Thus,thereispotentialtherapeuticvalueof… 相似文献
184.
Formal analysis of authentication in 802.11i 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Authentication is the basis of the security of IEEE 802.11i standard. The authentication process in 802.11i involves two important protocols: a 4-way handshake and a group key handshake. A formal analysis of authentication in 802.11i is given via a belief multisets formalism. The analysis shows that the 4-way handshake and the group key handshake may provide satisfactory mutual authentication, key management, and issue of a new group temporal key from an access point to a user device, under the guarantee of mutual possession of a confidential pairwise master key. The analysis also shows that there exists a denial of service attack in the 4-way handshake and some seeming redundancies are useful in the protocol implementation. 相似文献
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186.
地铁车辆段三大检修工艺设备的技术接口 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍地铁车辆段三大检修工艺设备--不落轮镟床、列车清洗机、地下式架车机,以及它们与车辆、牵引供电、低压配电、信号、土建等相关专业的技术接口.指出三项设备与车辆的接口是建设管理的重点,分析在工程设计和建设过程中应注意的接口要点.不落轮镟床与车辆的接口需要明确加工的对象与精度,以及车辆的装夹方式;列车清洗机需明确车辆的主要尺寸、车底电气箱的防水等级、表面油漆对洗涤剂的要求,以及清洗机对雨刮器的要求等;地下式架车机需明确车辆的重量和主要尺寸,并核算转向架是否会与地下式架车机的车体顶升支柱发生干扰. 相似文献
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188.
Itis increasingly apparentthatthe main reasonforthe failure of anti- tumor immune response is theinactivation of TIL (Tumor Infiltrating Lympho-cyte,TIL) .The activation of immunocompetentcells is largely dependent on their local microenvi-ronment.Since the tumor local microenvironmentisthe frontier where host immunocompetent cells in-teract with the tumor cells directly,analyzing thetumor local microenvironment,especially compar-ing it to anti- inflammatory immune microenviron-ment,is very… 相似文献
189.
190.
Due to the elastic deformation of metal stamping, springback is a serious problem to cause shape deviation and thus reduce precision. The springback behavior of ring-shaped workpiece is investigated in this paper and an auxiliary boss device is proposed to control the springback deformation. A finite element model is developed.The characteristic parameters including boss height, boss angle and boss gap are discussed systematically. It can be concluded that the gap has a positive linear correlation with springback percentage, and the boss angle has an optimal interval of 30°—60° to reduce springback. When the boss height increases, the springback decreases,but the effect weakens when the boss height is larger than 1.0 mm. Then, a response surface analysis is conducted with Design Expert 8.0.5 software and an optimal parameter process window(i.e., boss height from 2.1 to 3.0 mm,boss angle from 53° to 60° and the gap from 0 to 1.2 mm) is obtained. Finally, a set of molds are fabricated and the stamping experiments are conducted. The springback behavior is well controlled. The springback percentage can be decreased from 33% to 6% by using the auxiliary boss device of ring-shaped workpiece. 相似文献