Role of candesartan against cerebral ischemia and oxidative damage in normotensive rats

Objective Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) contributes to modulating blood pressure by stimulation of Ang Ⅱ AT1 receptors. We devised a rat transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model to assess whether oxidative damage is decreased after pretreatment with Angiotensin Ⅱ AT1 receptor blocker (ARB). Methods After 2 weeks pretreatment with ARB 0. 5 and 1 mg/kg, the male Wister rats were subjected to 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). At 24 h, the lumen diameter of middle cerebral artery, the plasma level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and HIF-1 a levels were recorded and compared. Results After pretrcatment with ARB 0.5 and 1 mg/kg, blood pressure did not significantly change compared with that of controls. In the group of candesartan at 1 mg/(kg· day), the lumen diameter was significantly increased compared to that in control group [(86.0±5.0) μm vs. (69.0± 2.1) μm; P<0. 01, n = 6- 8]. The plasma 8-OHdG levels of ARB pretreatment groups were decreased. In immunohistochemical findings, 8-OHdG- and HIF-1α-containing cells in ARB pretreatment groups were decreased. Conclusion Brain ischemia and oxidative damage can be reversed by AT1 receptor blockade in normotensive rats after transient cerebral artery occlusion.     

A total generalized optimal velocity model and its numerical tests

A car-following model named total generalized optimal velocity model （TGOVM） was developed with a consideration of an arbitrary number of preceding vehicles before current one based on analyzing the previous models such as optimal velocity model （OVM）, generalized OVM （GOVM） and improved GOVM （IGOVM）. This model describes the physical phenomena of traffic flow more exactly and realistically than previous models. Also the performance of this model was checked out by simulating the acceleration and deceleration process for a small delay time. On a single circular lane, the evolution of the traffic congestion was studied for a different number of headways and relative velocities of the preceding vehicles being taken into account. The simulation results show that TGOVM is reasonable and correct.     

Energy-aware load-balaning fault-tolerant routing scheme for ad hoc sensor networks

Most routing protocols for sensor networks try to extend network lifetime by minimizing the energy consumption, but have not taken the network reliability into account. An energy-aware, load-balancing and fault-tolerant routing scheme, termed as ELFR was propsed to adapt to the harsh environment. First a network robustness model was presented. Based on this model, the route discovery phase was designed to make the sensors to construct into a hop-leveled network which is mesh structure. A cross-layer design was adopted to measure the transmission delay so as to detect the failed nodes. The routing scheme works with acknowledge （ACK） feedback mechanism to transfer control messages to avoid producing extra control overhead messages. When nodes fail, the new healthy paths will be selected locally without rerouting. Simulation results show that our scheme is much robust, and it achieves better energy efficiency, load balancing and maintains good end-to-end delay.     

Joint distortion model for progressive image transmission using error correcting arithmetic codes

A novel joint source channel distortion model was proposed, which can essentially estimate the average distortion in progressive image transmission. To improve the precision of the model, the redundancy generated by a forbidden symbol in the arithmetic codes is used to distinguish the quantization distortion and the channel distortion, all the coefficients from the first error one to the end of the sequence are set to be a value within the variance range of the coefficients instead of zero, then the error propagation coming from the entropy coding can be essentially estimated, which is disregarded in the most conventional joint source channel coding （JSCC） systems. The precision of the model in terms of average peak-signal-to-noise has been improved about 0.5 dB compared to classical works. An efficient unequal error protection system based on the model is developed, and can be used in the wireless communication systems.     

移动机器人在曲面上的建模与分析

对移动在曲面上的机器人的动态模型进行了研究.在曲面上建立了移动机器人动态模型,通过流形上的李群理论对模型进行分析,指出曲面上移动机器人是可控的,并且在曲面上存在时间最优轨道.利用庞特里亚金最大值原理,得到移动机器人模型的结构方程,并通过结构方程来分析曲面上移动机器人的时间最优轨道,指出时间最优轨道的控制变量完全由结构方程和曲面的高斯曲率决定,并且在高斯曲率小于零的曲面上,机器人的时间最优轨道由3种基本轨道的有限组合而成,给出了这3种基本轨道以单位速度向前(后)移动时角速度变化的具体分布情况.     

几种用于木材/无机纳米复合材料的纳米粒子分散与改性研究

木材/无机纳米复合材料的优异性能主要取决纳米颗粒的分散状态;但纳米粒子极易团聚,导致粉体性能劣化.通过对纳米SiO2,CaCO3,ZnO,TiO2,Al2O3等的分散、表面修饰和改性,控制其大小、形态,提高其在复合体系中的均匀分散能力.对所用无机纳米材料采用高速剪切分散或超声振荡方法进行分散;并通过改性剂在纳米粒子表面上吸附、进行化学反应、包覆和成膜实现改性.然后用激光粒度仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜等对改性前后的纳米粒子进行分析、表征,结果表明:高速剪切分散或超声振荡分散只对产生软团聚的无机纳米粒子有效;而改性剂也只能减少粒子硬团聚的产生.     

彩色多普勒超声在动态监测移植肝及其并发症中的应用

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声在动态监测肝移植术后血流动力学变化及并发症诊治中的应用价值。方法回顾我中心107例原位肝移植术后应用彩色多普勒超声资料,汇总后行统计学分析。结果肝移植术后早期门脉流速较正常对照组升高,而肝动脉流速降低,后逐渐恢复正常。107例中发现肝动脉血栓形成2例(1.87%),肝动脉狭窄5例(4.67%),门脉血栓形成3例(2.80%),肿瘤复发7例(6.54%),诊断为急性排斥反应18例次(16.82%),慢性排斥反应10例次(9.34%),胸腔积液105例(98.13%),腹腔积液65例(60.74%),假性动脉瘤1例,胰漏1例,胆道感染4例(3.74%),胆道狭窄4例(3.74%),胆漏5例(4.67%),胆总管结石1例。结论彩色多普勒超声在动态监测肝移植术后血流动力学变化及并发症诊治中具有重要的临床意义。     

某高速公路桥梁拓宽后伸缩缝锚固区混凝土破坏原因分析

结合九乡河大桥扩建工程,探讨了桥台处伸缩缝锚固区混凝土的有限元建模方法,着重研究了桥台处伸缩缝锚固区混凝土的破坏成因。分析表明,伸缩缝锚固区开裂的主要原因是新旧桥台的不均匀沉降,采用文中提供的建模方法,可以正确地模拟伸缩缝处混凝土的破坏,从而明确破坏机理,并为此类旧桥加宽工程的设计和施工提供借鉴。     

汽车磁粉离合器磁场的仿真研究

汽车磁粉离合器的研究与应用对于改善汽车传动系统的工作性能具有重要意义。磁场的分析与设计是磁粉离合器设计的关键,也是设计的难点所在。文章采用Matlab软件的PDE工具箱对汽车磁粉离合器的磁场进行了仿真分析,并对磁粉腔的磁场进行了求解。     

高速机车制动温升对轴盘配合的影响

利用ANSYS建立了高速机车轴盘制动装置热量传递模型, 计算了接触面热阻、间隙导热系数和表面传热系数, 研究了其温度场分布特性, 分析了制动生热对轴盘制动装置过盈配合的影响。计算结果表明: 合理的制动盘和盘毂间隙能增大热阻, 减小温度对过盈配合的影响, 在结构允许范围内, 建议合理的设计单边间隙为0.5-1.5 mm; 制动结束时刻, 选择合理的盘毂厚度可使过盈面平均接触压力减小5.9%-6.6%, 以降低温度对过盈配合的影响, 建议盘毂合理厚度为8 mm。