多元回归分析的间接平差算法

回归分析是利用大量的观测数据来确定变量之间相关关系的一种数学方法。但在求回归系数时计算复杂，易出错。提出用间接平差的方法来计算回归系数，简化了计算过程。给出了一套计算方法，并通过计算实例验证了该方法的有效性。     

轮机工程专业船舶电气教学改革探讨

随着我国轮机人员“机电合一”,以及海船船员适任考试新大纲的施行,对轮机人员船舶电气方面的知识要求越来越高,而毕业生尚不能完全满足要求的现象。本文分析了当前船舶电气课程教学中存在教材覆盖面不够、不能满足工作需要以及现有课程实践性差的问题,探讨了船舶电气教学改革的思路和方法。并针对性地对广东海洋大学轮机专业的船舶电气实验教学提出了自己的改进意见。     

山区现浇箱形拱桥超大高度支架设计及计算

梨子榜I号大桥主桥为主跨120m的混凝土三箱等截面悬链线拱桥。根据现场条件,采用了落地式现浇组合支架施工,其中,拱脚段采用落地碗扣支架,其他段采用大钢管支架上搭设碗扣支架,文章详细介绍了现浇支架的设计与计算方法。     

Triglitazone对AngⅡ刺激血管内皮细胞分泌血管活性因子的影响

目的探讨过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)激动剂triglitazone对血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)刺激内皮细胞分泌血管活性因子的影响。方法以脐静脉内皮细胞为研究对象,观察triglitazone对内皮细胞分泌血管活性因子内皮素-1(ET-1)和一氧化氮(NO)的影响。结果10μmol/L和50μmol/L的triglitazone使人脐静脉内皮细胞分泌ET-1含量与对照组相比虽有下降但无统计学意义,而NO与对照组相比明显升高(P<0.05);50μmol/L triglitazone可明显抑制AngⅡ(1×10-6mol/L)所刺激的ET的分泌(P<0.05);两种浓度triglitazone均能抑制AngⅡ对内皮细胞生成NO的减低作用(P<0.05)。结论Triglitazone可抑制AngⅡ所刺激的内皮细胞合成和分泌ET-1的增加和NO的减少,提示triglitazone可通过影响血管活性因子的产生而参与血压的调节。     

温度对果蝇学习记忆行为的影响

目的研究温度对果蝇学习记忆行为的影响。方法设两个离心管,一只离心管内只有食物,果蝇既可以嗅到味道,也可以吃到食物;另一只离心管也有食物,果蝇只可以嗅到味道而不能吃到食物。将果蝇在不同的温度下饲养后,观察不同温度下饲养的果蝇进入两只离心管内的数量变化。结果高温环境下生长的果蝇进入可以吃到食物的离心管的数量少于正常温度和低温环境下生长的果蝇。结论高温可以降低果蝇的学习记忆行为。     

基于GIS的城市交通规划信息平台总体设计

针对城市交通规划工作中涉及到大量的数据信息,分析现有信息管理方法的不足,论述了城市交通规划信息平台应具备的基本功能,提出了利用GIS技术和数据库技术建立城市交通规划信息平台的基本方法,并进行了系统的总体结构、功能模块、扩展设计。     

大鼠肌肉、内脏传入于脊髓背角会聚形式的类型分析

在观察刺激大鼠腓肠肌神经和膀胱神经分别所诱发背角神经元放电形式的基础上，对肌肉-内脏会聚神经元（Musculo－ViscusConvergentNeuron，MVCN）进行了归类分析。发现在165个被腓肠肌神经传入激活的神经元中，有25个亦能被膀胱神经传入激活，按对肌肉、内脏传入A和C类纤维的反应，可将MVCN分为Aαβ－C·C（n＝21）Aδ－C·C（n＝1）C·C（n＝2）Aαβδ－C·Aδ－C（n＝1）四型。提示，上述多种会聚形式可能是肌肉、内脏初级传入在脊髓水平对感觉传入（特别是痛觉）进行调制的基础，在痛与牵涉痛中发挥作用；同时也可能是躯体、内脏相关的基础之一。     

Numerical simulation of aerodynamic performance of a couple multiple units high-speed train

In order to determine the effect of the coupling region on train aerodynamic performance, and how the coupling region affects aerodynamic performance of the couple multiple units trains when they both run and pass each other in open air, the entrance of two such trains into a tunnel and their passing each other in the tunnel was simulated in Fluent 14.0. The numerical algorithm employed in this study was verified by the data of scaled and full-scale train tests, and the difference lies within an acceptable range. The results demonstrate that the distribution of aerodynamic forces on the train cars is altered by the coupling region; however, the coupling region has marginal effect on the drag and lateral force on the whole train under crosswind, and the lateral force on the train cars is more sensitive to couple multiple units compared to the other two force coefficients. It is also determined that the component of the coupling region increases the fluctuation of aerodynamic coefficients for each train car under crosswind. Affected by the coupling region, a positive pressure pulse was introduced in the alternating pressure produced by trains passing by each other in the open air, and the amplitude of the alternating pressure was decreased by the coupling region. The amplitude of the alternating pressure on the train or on the tunnel was significantly decreased by the coupling region of the train. This phenomenon did not alter the distribution law of pressure on the train and tunnel; moreover, the effect of the coupling region on trains passing by each other in the tunnel is stronger than that on a single train passing through the tunnel.     

更换公路旧桥支座的顶升方案

对更换支座的方法进行了分析总结,并在河北省新乐市-沙河大桥施工中,提出了一种简单易行、节约投资的支座更换方法-兜子顶升法;对该法的设计、作用原理进行了阐述,并介绍了其施工过程,为今后更换桥梁支座提供参考.     

Classification decision tree algorithm assisting in diagnosing solitary pulmonary nodule by SPECT/CT fusion imaging

Objective To develop a classification tree algorithm to improve diagnostic performances of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT fusion imaging in differentiating solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Methods Forty-four SPNs, including 30 malignant cases and 14 benign ones that were eventually pathologically identified, were included in this prospective study. All patients received 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT scanning at an early stage and a delayed stage before operation. Thirty predictor variables, including 11 clinical variables, 4 variables of emission and 15 variables of transmission information from SPECT/CT scanning, were analyzed independently by the classification tree algorithm and radiological residents. Diagnostic rules were demonstrated in tree-topology, and diagnostic performances were compared with Area under Curve (AUC) of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC). Results A classification decision tree with lowest relative cost of 0.340 was developed for 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT scanning in which the value of Target/Normal region of 99Tcm-MIBI uptake in the delayed stage and in the early stage, age, cough and specula sign were five most important contributors. The sensitivity and specificity were 93.33% and 78. 57e, respectively, a little higher than those of the expert. The sensitivity and specificity by residents of Grade one were 76.67% and 28.57%, respectively, and AUC of CART and expert was 0.886±0.055 and 0.829±0.062, respectively, and the corresponding AUC of residents was 0.566±0.092. Comparisons of AUCs suggest that performance of CART was similar to that of expert (P=0.204), but greater than that of residents (P<0.001). Conclusion Our data mining technique using classification decision tree has a much higher accuracy than residents. It suggests that the application of this algorithm will significantly improve the diagnostic performance of residents.