一种新型系船柱的研究设计

用当前材料、铸造技术、设计方法检验已沿用30 a的传统系船柱的设计完备性,认为其有值得改进、优化之处。以650 kN系船柱为例,从系船柱的材料选择、几何造型、受力机理、数值模拟4个方面阐述一种新型系船柱的研究设计。新型系船柱在安全可靠度、使用及维护性能、感官效果方面均有较大幅度提高,且造价与同等级传统系船柱相当。     

一种旋转机械振动信号小波去噪方法

针对旋转机械的非平稳振动信号难以用传统方法处理的问题,本文讨论了小波方法在旋转机械振动信号去噪中的应用。针对旋转机械故障信号的特点,提出阈值去噪和模极大值相结合的小波去噪方法对振动信号进行处理,并利用多种指标对去噪后信号做出全而客观的评价。实验结果表明该方法可以有效的提高故障信号信噪比,有利于提高后期故障诊断的准确率。     

基于小波和形态学结合的雷达图像降噪算法

为减小导航雷达图像的噪声和杂波干扰,通过分析噪声主要特点及各种常见的图像去噪算法,本文提出了一种结合小波变换和形态学的雷达图像去噪方法,利用小波的多分辨率特性对图像细节进行处理,再结合形态学闭运算,在降低噪声的同时有效保留了图像细节。实验结果表明,该方法对雷达图像具有较好的降噪效果。     

城市道路空洞风险评估方法研究

我国城市道路广泛面临着道路空洞的风险,近年来空洞所致道路塌陷的事故率增长很快,建立一套城市道路空洞的风险评估方法尤为必要。由于空洞的形成及风险是多因素影响的复杂事件,目前国内并未形成针对性的评估方法。以北京市大量事故调查为基础,运用风险控制理论,综合运用德尔菲法、模糊层次分析法等,阐述了一套城市道路空洞安全的风险评估方法,包含风险识别、风险可能性评估、风险后果评估、风险分级、风险防范与控制措施等。     

宽甸山区柞蚕场砂化的防治措施

该文概述宽甸县柞蚕场砂化的成因,提出蚕场砂化的防治措施,即:工程措施、植物措施、封育措施。     

浅谈城市道路雨水口的改进方法

城市道路上的雨水口,虽然上面都设有篦子,可以防止较大的杂物落入雨水口内,但小于篦子孔径的杂物仍然会落入雨水口内,在雨水口和管道内沉积。不但会造成排水不畅,而且落入雨水口内的杂物在雨水浸泡下腐烂发酵,带有异味的气体外逸污染空气,腐烂发酵物体再经过雨水冲至管道后排入水体,对水体造成污染。该文介绍一种对雨水口的改进方法,它不改动雨水口的结构,只在雨水口内安放一个装置,可以防止雨水口异味外逸、杂物落入。该方法可供同行推广应用。     

Actively translating a rear diffuser device for the aerodynamic drag reduction of a passenger car

This research aims to develop an actively translating rear diffuser device to reduce the aerodynamic drag experienced by passenger cars. One of the features of the device is that it is ordinarily hidden under the rear bumper but slips out backward only under high-speed driving conditions. In this study, a movable arc-shaped semi-diffuser device, round in form, is designed to maintain the streamlined automobile??s rear underbody configuration. The device is installed in the rear bumper section of a passenger car. Seven types of rear diffuser devices whose positions and protrusive lengths and widths are different (with the basic shape being identical) were installed, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analyses were performed under moving ground and rotating wheel conditions. The main purpose of this study is to explain the aerodynamic drag reduction mechanism of a passenger car cruising at high speed via an actively translating rear diffuser device. The base pressure of the passenger car is increased by deploying the rear diffuser device, which then prevents the low-pressure air coming through the underbody from directly soaring up to the rear surface of the trunk. At the same time, the device generates a diffusing process that lowers the velocity but raises the pressure of the underbody flow, bringing about aerodynamic drag reduction. Finally, the automobile??s aerodynamic drag is reduced by an average of more than 4%, which helps to improve the constant speed fuel efficiency by approximately 2% at a range of driving speeds exceeding 70 km/h.     

PID plus fuzzy logic method for torque control in traction control system

A Traction Control System (TCS) is used to control the driving force of an engine to prevent excessive slip when a vehicle starts suddenly or accelerates. The torque control strategy determines the driving performance of the vehicle under various drive-slip conditions. This paper presents a new torque control method for various drive-slip conditions involving abrupt changes in the road friction. This method is based on a PID plus fuzzy logic controller for driving torque regulation, which consists of a PID controller and a fuzzy logic controller. The PID controller is the fundamental component that calculates the elementary torque for traction control. In addition, the fuzzy logic controller is the compensating component that compensates for the abrupt change in the road friction. The simulation results and the experimental vehicle tests have validated that the proposed controller is effective and robust. Compared with conventional PID controllers, the driving performance under the proposed controller is greatly improved.