One-dimensional model on fuel penetration in diesel sprays with gas flow

In diesel engine, spray penetration is usually changed by in-cylinder gas flow. Accurate prediction on diesel spray with gas flow is important to the optimal design of diesel fuel injection system. This paper presents a theory investigation focusing on the penetration of diesel spray with gas flow. In order to understand the effect of gas flow on the penetration of diesel spray, a one-dimensional spray model is developed from an idealized diesel spray, which is able to predict the spray behavior under different gas flow conditions. The ambient gas flow is simplified as ideal flow that has only constant flow velocity along x-axial and y-axial directions of spray. The x-axial and y-axial directions are respectively defined as along and vertical spray directions. The main assumption is that the y-axial direction gas flow has no effect on the penetration of spray along x-axial direction. The principles of conservation of mass and momentum are used in the derivation. Momentum of in-cylinder air flow is also taken into consideration. Validation of the model at stable condition is achieved by comparing model predictions with experimental measurements of diesel spray without gas flow from Naber's experiments. Furthermore, CFD simulations on penetration of diesel spray with gas flow were performed with the commercial code AVL-fire. The onedimensional model is validated by the penetration results with gas flow from CFD calculation. Results show that a reasonable estimation of the spray evolution can be obtained for both with and without ambient gas flow conditions.     

Estimation of maximum road friction coefficient based on Lyapunov method

With the real time and accurate information of motor torque and rotation speed of the four-in-wheel-motordrive electric vehicles, a slip based algorithm for estimating maximum road friction coefficient is designed using Lyapunov stability theory. Modified Burckhardt tire model is used to describe longitudinal slip property of the tire. By introducing a new state variable, a nonlinear estimator is proposed to estimate the longitudinal tire force and the maximum road friction coefficient simultaneously. With the appropriate selection of estimation gain, the convergence of the estimation error of the tire longitudinal force and maximum road friction coefficient is proved through Lyapunov stability analysis. In addition, the error is exponentially stable near the origin. Finally the method is validated with Carsim-Simulink co-simulation and real vehicle tests under multi working conditions in acceleration situation which demonstrate high computational efficiency and accuracy of this method.     

客滚船EEDI研究

能效设计指数(EEDI)对客滚船的要求于2014年4月的第66次环保会上给出。与常规船不同,客滚船属于定制型船舶,影响EEDI结果的参数众多,而且参数之间相互影响、制约。文章首先对计算公式做了详细分析,之后针对几型具有代表性的客滚船的载重量、航速、吃水、主机功率,分析其变化对EEDI的影响敏感度,得出国内航行及中韩航线客滚船当前的EEDI水平,并对如何有效地提高EEDI给出了合理的建议。此外,还对EEDI于客滚船的意义及当前规范存在的某些不合理之处给予了适当评价。     

主动前轮转向控制技术的现状与发展趋势

文章在介绍两种主动前轮转向系统工作原理的基础上,从车辆动力学控制的角度,详细总结和分析了各种用于主动前轮转向的控制方法,包括横摆角速度控制、D*控制、侧倾稳定性控制和变转向传动比控制等。并指出在未来的主动前轮转向控制研究中,集成控制将是发展的必然方向。     

湛江海湾大桥钢桥面环氧沥青粘结层洒布施工工艺

粘结层施工是钢桥面铺装的关键技术之一。环氧沥青粘结层洒布质量直接关系到钢桥面铺筑的使用寿命。依据钢桥面铺装对环氧沥青粘结层性能的要求和粘结料的技术性能,介绍环氧沥青粘结层洒布施工工艺,并对施工流程和施工质量控制等有关环节提出个人见解。     

山区高速公路桥梁的设计体会

简要介绍山区高速公路桥梁建设的总体特点,总结常规桥梁设计的要点及经验体会,探讨山区桥梁设计的新理念及趋势。     

AFS系统关键技术研究

介绍AFS系统的产生背景、作用、国内外发展概况及趋势。根据车辆的速度、转向盘转角、车辆的前后倾角的关系,提出该系统的数学模型,在此基础上研究基于该数学模型的控制方法以及对于失效情况的处理方式。最后建立可行的AFS硬件系统,并进行实验室验证。     

地下水水力特征对土自重应力计算的影响分析

利用太沙基的有效应力原理,根据地层中地下水的不同水力特征,论述了地下水位以下土自重应力的计算方法.分析认为:常规方法仅适用于潜水含水层和不透水层.实际工程中应根据地下水的埋藏条件等采取合理的计算方法.     

季节性冻土路基融沉时的稳定性分析

运用ADINA有限元程序,对路基发生融沉时内部的应力和变形进行了计算分析.结果表明,路基发生融沉时,在均布荷载、偏心荷载作用下,路基的稳定性均较差.     

超载对半刚性基层沥青路面的断裂力学分析

采用矩形轮胎接地形状,用ANSYS软件建立道路模型进行力学计算,分析超载对半刚性基层沥青路面的力学影响和路面基层、面层的断裂力学计算。结果表明,面层的剪应力、拉应力都随轴载的增加而增长;超载对沥青路面的早期断裂破坏影响严重。