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11.
Ship, port and supply chain security concepts interlinking maritime with hinterland transport chains
Eberhard Blümel Wando Boevé Valerio Recagno Gerhard Schilk 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2008,7(1):205-225
As maritime processes do no stop at sea ports, hinterland operations have to be considered and addressed as well. This becomes
obviously on designing and managing seamless cargo and information flows from/to hinterland regions via sea ports from/to
transcontinental markets. Nowadays, also security-related aspects need to be tackled in order to enable continuous flows corresponding
to security legislations and technical requirements set up in the field of maritime and intermodal hinterland transport. Ensuring
transport security within the European transport market requires both adequate security legislations and innovative concepts.
While for the maritime sector, including sea ports, security regulations are already in force, hinterland operations (road,
rail and Inland Waterway Transport) are only indirectly affected today, either on carrying out transports from/to sea ports
or exporting commodities to overseas territories. This results in the need for innovative security strategies and concepts
combining maritime with hinterland transport enabling seamless security processes. 相似文献
12.
Liwen Zhang J. Th.M.De Hosson Yuanliang Xia Fugang Wang . The State Key Laboratory for Materials Modification by Laser Ion Electron Beams . Material Engineering Department of Dalian University of Technology Dalian China 《上海交通大学学报(英文版)》2000,(1)
IntroductionHighpowerCOzlaserssdsetransformationhardeningtechniquehasbeensuccessfullyusedinindusnyforWYears.BecausethetemPeratUrefleldislocalizedinmaterialdurllglasertransfonnationhMngProcess,highthermstrCsswillgenerateinmatgrialduringlasertfansformationhardeningProcess.Therisalsohighresidualstressinmaterial,bothintCnsionandcomPression['-'].ComPressresidualstressishelptoincreasethefatigueldrimeofthelasertreatedmaterial,butthetensilestresswillshortenthefatiguelifetmeofthelasertreatedmator… 相似文献
13.
C. Vanesa Durán Grados Zigor Uriondo Manuel Clemente Francisco J. Jiménez Espadafor Juan Moreno Gutiérrez 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2009,14(1):61-66
Emissions from the exhausts of marine diesel engines comprises several different gases including NOX. These are currently regulated at the international level under Regulation 13 of ANNEX VI of MARPOL 73/78, but this regulation only applies to new engines and is based on bench tests, for only a single engine designated the “parent engine”. Here, the need to take measurements from across their whole range and once in operation on board a vessel is examined. This would not only improve assessment of new equipment against the current regulation, but would also detect defects in the functioning of the engine. 相似文献
14.
Rodrigo Leão De Moura Carolina Viviana Minte-Vera Isabela Baleeiro Curado Ronaldo Bastos Francini-Filho Hélio De Castro Lima Rodrigues Guilherme Fraga Dutra 《Coastal management》2013,41(6):617-632
In Brazil, Marine Extractive Reserves—MERs (Reservas Extrativistas Marinhas) represent the most significant government-supported effort to protect the common property resources upon which traditional small-scale fishers depend. From an initial small-scale experience in 1992, MERs have expanded countrywide, now encompassing 30 units (9,700 km2) and nearly 60,000 fishers. Despite such escalating interest in the model, there is little research on the effectiveness of MERs. In this article, we discuss relevant parts of the history and examine the current situation of the fisheries co-management initiative in the Marine Extractive Reserve of Corumbau, which was created in 2000 as the first MER to encompass coral reefs and reef fisheries. We describe the Extractive Reserve co-management arrangement and its main policy and legislative challenges. Finally, we discuss the prospects for the use of MERs as management frameworks for traditional small-scale fisheries in Brazil. 相似文献
15.
João F. Bigotte Dmitry Krass António P. Antunes Oded Berman 《Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice》2010,44(7):506-522
A major problem addressed during the preparation of spatial development plans relates to the accessibility to facilities where services of general interest such as education, health care, public safety, and justice are offered to the population. In this context, planners typically aim at redefining the level of hierarchy to assign to the urban centers of the region under study (with a class of facilities associated with each level of hierarchy) and redesigning the region’s transportation network. Traditionally, these two subjects – urban hierarchy and transportation network planning – have been addressed separately in the scientific literature. This paper presents an optimization model that simultaneously determines which urban centers and which network links should be promoted to a new level of hierarchy so as to maximize accessibility to all classes of facilities. The possible usefulness of the model for solving real-world problems of integrated urban hierarchy and transportation network planning is illustrated through an application to the Centro Region of Portugal. 相似文献
16.
According to the mid-term review of the EU White Paper on Transport, Short Sea Shipping (SSS) is expected to grow at a rate
of 59% (metric tonnes) between 2000 and 2020. If we consider that the overall expected increase in both freight exchanges
and volume is 50%, sea transport is one of the most feasible alternatives to reduce traffic congestion on European roads.
Maritime transportation may compete with road transport as far as certain traffics are concerned, but only when assuming external
costs. This paper analyzes several intermodal transport chains involving a sea leg by comparing the effect of pollutant emissions
from different ship types and road transport in terms of potential external cost savings. The translation of these emissions
into environmental costs shows, for certain conditions, savings in the case of sea transport that would justify the use of
an environmental bonus to promote the sea option. 相似文献
17.
Fernando Marín Martínez Isabel García Gutiérrez Alberto Ortiz Oliveira Luis Miguel Arreche Bedia 《运输规划与技术》2013,36(4):261-284
Freight transfer operations are critical in combined transport networks. In this paper a simulation model and modelling approach to the transfer of cargo between trains at rail terminals is presented. The model is used to study the Port-Bou terminal, the main intermodal terminal at the Spanish-French frontier. Four different gantry crane operation modes to interchange containers between trains are evaluated. These operation rules are tested in several scenarios to examine the critical factors of the system and the best operation rule for each situation. Latest generation software is used to develop the model that incorporates modular programming and enhanced graphic systems for output representation. It allows a dynamic display of the simulated system and, likewise, the possibility of developing modules that can be reused in other studies. The research shows how simulation can be a useful planning tool in the rail transportation context. 相似文献
18.
Paula C. Pardo Marcos Vázquez-Rodríguez Fiz F. Pérez Aida F. Rios 《Journal of Marine Systems》2011,84(3-4):67-77
This work estimates new regionalized empirical parameterizations for preformed alkalinity (ATo) and the CO2 air–sea disequilibrium (?Cdis). Both are key terms for the computation of anthropogenic CO2 in the back-calculation methods. Data from the subsurface layer (75–180 m depth range) covering an area from North to South and from 19°E to 67.5°W (Pacific and Indian oceans) were taken from GLODAP (The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project) database. The subsurface layer is proved as a reliable reference for representing the main characteristics of the different water masses of the oceans. Besides, handing data from the two ocean basins altogether makes the new parameterizations of ATo and ?Cdis to be more globally consistent. Nevertheless, each ocean basin, at least in some regions, has different oceanographic characteristics based on its proper dynamical processes and water masses formation. In order to maintain each ocean basin ‘identity’ the whole domain was divided in six different regions (two of them sharing waters from Pacific and Indian oceans) and parameterizations in each region for both terms were obtained. Previously, data were transformed into a grid of 4°lat. × 5°lon. and the results obtained from the parameterizations were visualized and compare with pCO2 climatologies. From the comparisons with previous ?Cdis estimations good results are obtained showing the reliability and robustness of the new regionalized empiric parameterizations. 相似文献
19.
The establishment and implementation of a training programme requires a training needs assessment (TNA). Without this approach, more often than not, training programmes have failed to succeed and to make such an assessment the instructional designer, i.e. the person in charge for this work, needs to follow a methodology. Unlike the other industries, the port industry has neglected the use of these methodologies, which is shown by the lack of research work published in academic journals. With a view to fill the existing gap, the paper proposes a five-step TNA methodology to be used in the port industry and applies its first three steps to investigate the port training situation in the new European Union member states. To achieve this objective, the paper is structured in the following way: puts the research work into context; addresses the role of ports; presents a port TNA methodology; explains research methodology; addresses port training issues in the new European-member states; and presents conclusions and further comments. 相似文献
20.
Sönke Kraft Julien Causse Frédéric Coudert 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2018,56(2):190-220
The assessment of the geometry of railway tracks is an indispensable requirement for safe rail traffic. Defects which represent a risk for the safety of the train have to be identified and the necessary measures taken. According to current standards, amplitude thresholds are applied to the track geometry parameters measured by recording cars. This geometry-based assessment has proved its value but suffers from the low correlation between the geometry parameters and the vehicle reactions. Experience shows that some defects leading to critical vehicle reactions are underestimated by this approach. The use of vehicle responses in the track geometry assessment process allows identifying critical defects and improving the maintenance operations. This work presents a vehicle response-based assessment method using multi-body simulation. The choice of the relevant operation conditions and the estimation of the simulation uncertainty are outlined. The defects are identified from exceedances of track geometry and vehicle response parameters. They are then classified using clustering methods and the correlation with vehicle response is analysed. The use of vehicle responses allows the detection of critical defects which are not identified from geometry parameters. 相似文献