盐田港总体规划实施的环境影响研究

在对盐田港及附近区域环境质量现状调查、监测与评价的基础上,依据相关的环保法规与标准,集合区域社会、经济发展的规划目标,识别规划环境影响的主要因子,提出盐田港区总体规划开发过程中的主要环境问题,从而提出合理开发利用资源、调整经济发展格局及环保综合治理的措施和建议,用以指导建设生态型现代化的盐田港区。     

电动汽车充电桩安全管理研究

随着国家对环境保护和能源节约的重视以及新能源政策的实施,电动汽车行业迎来了快速发展。充电基础设施的建设,是加快电动汽车推广的重要需要。电动汽车充电基础设施建设和运营业务发展的机会也极大,随之而来的安全管理工作要求也越来越高。本文依据充电桩建设和运营的特点,剖析其中面临的安全风险,并提出加强安全管理工作的措施,为充电桩企业安全管理运营提供参考和借鉴。     

基于灰色二次指数平滑的QAR参数关联度预测

由于QAR参数波动的后果具有潜在性和滞后性,因此分析人员容易忽视其危险性而使其发展为不利事件。针对该问题,提出运用QAR参数关联度分析的方法,建立QAR参数波动与事件之间的对应关系;并构建基于二次指数平滑-灰色关联法的关联度预测模型,进一步明确QAR参数波动与事件之间关系的动态变化趋势。运用实际数据对该模型进行验证,表明结论符合实际,该模型科学合理,可以用于QAR参数分析过程。     

Large-scale evacuation network optimization: a bi-level control method with uncertain arterial demand

To improve the efficiency of large-scale evacuations, a network aggregation method and a bi-level optimization control method are proposed in this paper. The network aggregation method indicates the uncertain evacuation demand on the arterial sub-network and balances accuracy and efficiency by refining local road sub-networks. The bi-level optimization control method is developed to reconfigure the aggregated network from both supply and demand sides with contraflow and conflict elimination. The main purpose of this control method is to make the arterial sub-network to be served without congestion and interruption. Then, a corresponding bi-objective network flow model is presented in a static manner for an oversaturated network, and a Genetic Algorithm-based solution method is used to solve the evacuation problem. The numerical results from optimizing a city-scale evacuation network for a super typhoon justify the validity and usefulness of the network aggregation and optimization control methods.     

The identification and empirical characterization of vehicular (Lagrangian) fundamental diagrams in multilane traffic flow

Traditional macroscopic traffic flow modeling framework adopts the spatial–temporal coordinate system to analyze traffic flow dynamics. With such modeling and analysis paradigm, complications arise for traffic flow data collected from mobile sensors such as probe vehicles equipped with mobile phones, Bluetooth, and Global Positioning System devices. The vehicle‐based measurement technologies call for new modeling thoughts that address the unique features of moving measurements and explore their full potential. In this paper, we look into the concept of vehicular fundamental diagram (VFD) and discuss its engineering implications. VFD corresponds to a conventional fundamental diagram (FD) in the kinematic wave (KW) theory that adopts space–time coordinates. Similar to the regular FD in the KW theory, VFD encapsulates all traffic flow dynamics. In this paper, to demonstrate the full potential of VFD in interpreting multilane traffic flow dynamics, we generalize the classical Edie's formula and propose a direct approach of reconstructing VFD from traffic measurements in the vehicular coordinates. A smoothing algorithm is proposed to effectively reduce the nonphysical fluctuation of traffic states calculated from multilane vehicle trajectories. As an example, we apply the proposed methodology to explore the next‐generation simulation datasets and identify the existence and forms of shock waves in different coordinate systems. Our findings provide empirical justifications and further insight for the Lagrangian traffic flow theory and models when applied in practice. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

公路隧道内火灾烟气温度及层化高度分布特征试验

通过在云南昆明—石林高速公路阳宗隧道内的现场模拟火灾试验,对不同纵向通风速率下公路隧道内火灾烟气温度及层化高度沿隧道的分布特征进行了研究。结果表明:拱顶下方烟气温度沿隧道呈幂指数分布;纵向通风速度对烟气层高度沿隧道的分布有重大影响,纵向风速较小时,烟气可以在隧道上部空间维持较好的层化结构,不会影响火灾发生时人员的安全疏散,而较大的纵向风速将导致烟气层高度沿隧道迅速降到地面,对火灾发生时的人员疏散造成威胁。     

An Innovative On-Board Computer for Space Robot

In this paper an on-board computer system for the first Chinese Intelligent Space Robotic System was presented. A fault tolerance design on on-board computer （OBC） was proposed that allows commercial-off-the-shelf （COTS） devices to be incorporated into dual processing modules of on-board computer. The processing module is composed of 32-bit ARM RISC processor and other COTS devices. This innovative approach deeply relies on light weight/low cost equipment development using commercial miniaturized parts and non-space qualified technologies. As well as, a set of fault handling mechanisms was implemented in the computer system. The on-board software was organized around a set of processes that communicate between each other through a routing process. The qualification experiment shows that the fault tolerant on-board computer has excellent data processing capability and is enough to meet the demanding of the extremely tight constraints on mass, volume, power consumption and space environmental conditions.     

A link-node complementarity model and solution algorithm for dynamic user equilibria with exact flow propagations

In this paper, we propose a link-node complementarity model for the basic deterministic dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) problem with single-user-class and fixed demands. The model complements link-path formulations that have been widely studied for dynamic user equilibria. Under various dynamic network constraints, especially the exact flow propagation constraints, we show that the continuous-time dynamic user equilibrium problem can be formulated as an infinite dimensional mixed complementarity model. The continuous-time model can be further discretized as a finite dimensional non-linear complementarity problem (NCP). The proposed discrete-time model captures the exact flow propagation constraints that were usually approximated in previous studies. By associating link inflow at the beginning of a time interval to travel times at the end of the interval, the resulting discrete-time model is predictive rather than reactive. The solution existence and compactness condition for the proposed model is established under mild assumptions. The model is solved by an iterative algorithm with a relaxed NCP solved at each iteration. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the proposed model and solution approach. We particularly show why predictive DUE is preferable to reactive DUE from an algorithmic perspective.     

城市轨道交通系统节能措施研究

轨道交通的建设是实现城市交通节能的重要手段。轨道交通系统自身的节能工作也十分重要。本文分别从轨道交通的规划设计、施工建设以及运营管理阶段,提出轨道交通的节能措施。     

转向架构架载荷谱频域校准与建立方法

分析了时域内准静态载荷-应力传递关系, 以载荷间互谱密度的参数作为载荷耦合作用的表征量, 基于多轴频域疲劳基本理论推导了频域内等效应力的表达式; 得到了与多轴加载等效的分立载荷系的表达式; 为保证载荷谱计算损伤可以覆盖线路实测损伤, 以应力信号自功率谱密度的0阶谱矩作为表征损伤的参量, 约束载荷对测点损伤的贡献占比, 根据损伤一致性原则, 采用NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化算法进行载荷校准; 对国内某型地铁转向架构架进行线路测试, 获得了载荷和应力数据, 并进行了数据分析。研究结果表明: 载荷系中构架横向载荷的线路实测方差最大, 为5.08, 电机横向载荷方差最小, 为0.02;频域内考虑载荷耦合效应的损伤校准精度为1.08×10^-5, 而采用时域分立谱的损伤校准精度为2.91×10^-3, 频域法比时域法的校准精度提高了99.63%;频域内考虑耦合作用的载荷校准系数的综合调整倍数为31.81, 相比时域内采用分立谱校准系数的调整倍数下降了41.71%, 频域法的系数调整最大倍数为6.99, 时域法为15.68, 前者比后者降低了55.42%。可见: 频域内考虑载荷耦合作用的校准方法在误差精度上要优于时域内采用分立谱的校准方法; 频域法的系数调整比例的分散度低于时域法, 校准载荷更接近实测载荷, 校准结果可信度高; 由于校准过程中考虑了载荷间的关联性, 研究得到的载荷系可同时应用于试验台多轴加载以及仿真独立加载, 实现了2种加载方式的统一, 为构架载荷谱的建立方式提出了新思路。