生物滞留带构造对其渗蓄效果的影响

为了研究生物滞留带构造参数及组合方式对其渗蓄效果的影响，提出了判定生物滞留带渗蓄效果的评价指标，并对16组不同构造的生物滞留带开展模拟降雨径流正交试验，研究了种植土和填料层成分及含量、透水土工布位置、砂层颗粒级配和构造厚度对生物滞留带渗蓄效果的影响. 研究结果表明:影响生物滞留带渗蓄效应程度大小的排序为:砂层级配>填料层成分和含量>结构层厚度>土工布位置>种植土成分和含量；生物滞留带最佳组合形式从上至下依次为:20 cm厚种植土，35 cm厚填料层（其中珍珠岩、蛭石、土壤和砂的体积占比为10%、5%、10%和75%），10 cm厚砂层（其中砂层颗粒级配为0～0.5 mm占15%、0.5～0.7 mm占40%、0.7～1.0 mm占30%、1.0～2.0 mm占15%），20 cm厚砾石层以及不设置透水土工布.      

Assessing network vulnerability of heavy rail systems with the impact of partial node failures

Much of the literature in recent years has examined the vulnerability of transportation networks. To identify appropriate and operational measures of nodal centrality using connectivity in the case of heavy rail systems, this paper presents a set of comprehensive measures in the form of a Degree of Nodal Connection (DNC) index. The DNC index facilitates a reevaluation of nodal criticality among distinct types of transfer stations in heavy rail networks that present a number of multiple lines between stations. Specifically, a new classification of transfer stations—mandatory transfer, non-mandatory transfer, and end transfer—and a new measure for linkages—link degree and total link degree—introduces the characteristics of heavy rail networks when we accurately expose the vulnerability of a node. The concept of partial node failure is also introduced and compare the results of complete node failure scenarios. Four local and global indicators of network vulnerability are derived from the DNC index to assess the vulnerability of major heavy rail networks in the United States. Results indicate that the proposed DNC indexes can inform decision makers or network planners as they explore and compare the resilience of multi-hubs and multi-line networks in a comprehensive but accurate manner regardless of their network sizes.

     

基于群组行为的大学校园楼梯及通道行人运动特征分析

为探讨不同场景中行人群组运动的微观特征，并比较不同类型群组运动差异，本文通过大学校园内楼梯上及通道内的观测实验，获取行人运动的相关数据，研究了群组大小、社会关系、运动场景和性别对群组运动的影响. 结果表明：大学校园内行人成组比例低于商场周围行人成组比例；群组成员间的交流方式等因素会影响群组构型；由于群组成员越多相互协调就越困难，所以群组规模越大，其速度越小；此外，男性群组速度大于女性群组速度，情侣间频繁的交流也会对其速度产生负面影响；就差异性而言，2 人和3 人群组间的速度差异小于单人和2 人群组间的速度差异；单个行人不同性别间的速度差异大于2 人和3 人群组不同性别间的速度差异；楼梯上单人与群组的速度差异没有通道内明显.     

钢波纹管涵在高速公路应用的经济性分析

文章简要介绍了毕威高速公路填方路基段钢波纹管涵与盖板涵的经济性分析,并总结了钢波纹管涵应用的经济和社会效益。     

江阴靖江长江隧道工作井侧墙抗裂防渗研究与应用

为解决工作井侧墙混凝土收缩开裂及侧墙顶部与环框梁结合部位不密实而引起的渗漏问题，首先，采用考虑材料、结构、环境、施工等多因素耦合机制模型，[JP2]量化评估混凝土开裂风险，提出抗裂性控制指标； 然后，通过综合运用黏度调控、水化历程与膨胀历程双重调控技术，实现了工作井侧墙中低胶材混凝土自密实性能与抗裂性能协同； 最后，结合入模温度控制、冷却水管、控制布料间距与浇筑速率以及保温保湿养护等工艺措施，提出了超长大体积、分步浇筑的工作井侧墙抗裂防渗成套技术方案。工程应用结果表明，工作井侧墙与环框梁结合密实，单边最大长度为53.6 m、一次性浇筑累计长度达120 m、厚1.5 m的工作井侧墙未出现裂缝及渗漏。     

预应力钢筋混凝土T梁桥造价分析与应用

文章根据某省不同地形的高速公路采用预应力钢筋混凝土 T 梁桥结构的造价组成的统计分析， 即对分部工程造价及工程量组成进行分析、 对主要影响技术经济指标的基础工程、 上部构造、 下部构造单位桥梁面积的主要材料消耗和材料价格进行了详细分析， 以及材料价格的涨跌对预应力钢筋混凝土 T 梁桥造价技术经济指标的敏感性， 作为今后在高速公路前期工作中对该类结构快速估算投资提供参考依据。     

兔肾VX2移植瘤模型的建立及其超声显像检测

目的比较建立兔肾VX2移植瘤模型的不同方法的优劣。方法分别用瘤液穿刺法、瘤块液种植法、瘤块包埋法建立兔肾VX2癌模型。采用超声技术动态检测肿瘤体积及CDFI的变化,确定该模型最佳实验干预时段及其血流参数范围。比较各自的成瘤率;观测肾脏肿瘤的大小及其回声、瘤内血管生成以及血流阻抗等指标。结果瘤块包埋法可建立稳定的兔肾VX2移植瘤模型。B超可以实时、准确、方便的监测肿瘤体积及血流动力学变化。结论兔肾VX2移植瘤是一种造模方法简便且成瘤率高的肾癌动物模型,采用超声技术能精确、无创的动态监测肿瘤体积变化及血流特征。     

水泥抗压强度能力验证统计与技术分析

通过对各参加能力验证实验室的水泥抗压强度结果进行稳健统计分析,根据稳健Z比分数客观评价实验室检测能力,反映实验室的检验技术水平,并进一步对导致验证结果出现偏差的因素进行技术分析。     

The β-amyloid protein induces S100β expression in rat hippocampus through a mechanism that involves IL-1

Objective To explore the effect of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) on S100β expression in rat hippocampus and its mechanisms. Methods At 7 days after bilateral stereotaxis injection of different dose of fibrillar Aβ 25-35 and interluekin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) into the rat CA1 region, the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested with passive avoidance task. Amyloid deposition was detected by using Congo red staining technique. Nissl staining and immunohistochemical techniques were used to analyze the number of neurons, and GFAP and the S100β expression in hippocampal CA1 region , respectively. Results After fibrillar Aβ injection, the step-through latency of rats was significantly shortened compared to that of the control group. The GFAP positive astrocytes were found surrounding amyloid deposition. Neuronal loss occurred in the pyramidal cell layer of CA1 region. The number of S100β positive cells in Aβ-treated group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group. After IL-1ra injection, the number of S100β positive cells was significantly decreased. Conclusion Intrahippocampal injection of Aβ 25-35 could cause similar pathologic changes of Alzheimer's disease. Aβ 25-35 was capable of up-regulating S100β expression in a dose-dependent manner. The injection of IL-1ra could attenuate the effect of Aβ on S100β expression.     

PROLIFERATION AND MIGRATION OF EPENDYMAL CELLS IN THE BRAIN OF ADULT RATS AFTER PERMANENT FOCAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA

Objective Ependymal cells are thought to be the primary source of neural stem cells in the adult central nervous system. The purpose of this study is to examine spatial and temporal profiles of ependymal cell proliferation and migration after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Eighty male Sprague Dawley rats underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion after injection of 10/μL of 0.2% Dil into the lateral ventricle. Rats were sacrificed and brain sections were acquired for pathological evaluation and laser confocal imaging at day 1,3,7,11,14,21 and 28 after ischemia. Results The density of Dil-labeled cells in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was significantly higher than that in the control group and these labeled cells dispersed in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone and/or were located in ependyma from day 1 to 11. In the ischemic ipsilateral cortex, some Diilabeled cells occurred in peri-infarction and infarction of parietal region at day14 and peaked at day 21 when some Dil-labeled cell nodules were found in this region. During postischemic day 14--28, a significant decrease in labeled celldensity in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was coincident with a significant increase in labeled cells density in the cortex (peri-infarction and infarction). Conclusion The results indicate that ependymal cells proliferate and migrate after focal cerebral ischemia in the adult rat brain.