Pb and Pu in the Northeast Water Polynya, Greenland: particle dynamics and sediment mixing rates

Distributions of the radionuclides ²¹⁰Pb and ^239,240Pu in sediment cores from the Northeast Water Polynya, Greenland, showed that these nuclides reached depths of 5–15 cm by particle mixing and sediment accumulation. End-member average values of the particle mixing coefficient and sediment accumulation rate were 0.13 cm² y⁻¹ and 0.06 cm y⁻¹, obtained from the ²¹⁰Pb profiles by assuming that each process is dominant relative to the other. Both ²¹⁰Pb and ^239,240Pu were measured on four cores; using the Pu data to constrain mixing rates produced corrected sediment accumulation rates that were 20–80% of the values calculated by neglecting mixing. Organic carbon burial in the polynya sediments was ≤0.4 mmol m⁻² d⁻¹, based on measured POC values at depth in the sediments and sediment accumulation rates corrected for mixing. This value is about 1% of the independently measured POC flux leaving the euphotic zone and compares with benthic carbon remineralization rates of 7% calculated by others from O₂ uptake in the sediments.The inventories of excess ²¹⁰Pb in the sediments ranged from 6 to 28 dpm cm⁻². Relative to the atmospheric input of ²¹⁰Pb and in situ production from decay of ²²⁶Ra, approximately 5 dpm cm⁻² of ²¹⁰Pb was being removed from the water column. The difference between the removal from the water column and sediment inventories suggests a net import of ²¹⁰Pb to the polynya. This may occur by input of dissolved ²¹⁰Pb from offshore waters or by input of ²¹⁰Pb carried by sea ice. Particulate matter in land-derived fast ice adjacent to the polynya contained 330 ± 14 dpm of excess ²¹⁰Pb g⁻¹. If particles transported in sea ice are comparable to those extracted from fast ice, then sea ice transport into the polynya followed by melting may be an important source of excess ²¹⁰Pb to the area. Fast ice also may contribute ²¹⁰Pb if portions break off and melt within the polynya, as occurred in 1993.     

Acceleration noise and level of service of urban roads - A case study

Capacity measurement of roads under mixed traffic conditions as prevailing in India is ambiguous as it varies with time, composition of traffic and roadway encroachments. High incidence of slow moving vehicles and tricycles adds to the problem. Volume - capacity ratio appears to be an inadequate measure of defining level of service under mixed traffic situations. An attempt is made in this paper to explore the possibility of presenting unconventional parameters like standard deviation of speed, co-efficient of variation of speed and acceleration noise as possible measures of level of service. Tentative ranges of acceleration noise are proposed in association with flow and speed to explain level of service of urban roads catering to mixed traffic. The results are based on a study conducted in Madras, a major metropolitan city of India.     

Effect of capacity concentration on highway corridor performance

This paper investigates, through use of analytical models, the effects of capacity concentration on highway corridor performance. It concludes that when highways operate at a fixed total capacity, decreasing the highway spacing can increase the average travel time because highways will become more congested. When highways operate below capacity, decreasing the spacing is usually beneficial as it tends to reduce trip length when accessing highways, and allows a greater percentage of travel to be completed on highways instead of arterials.     

Subsidy and public transit performance: A factor analytic approach

The need to measure and evaluate transit system performance has led to the development of numerous performance indicators. However, depending upon the indicator, we oftentimes reach different conclusions regarding transit system performance. The research reported in this paper uses factor analytic methods to generate a set of underlying attributes (factors) that capture the performance of public transit systems in Indiana. Similar to what is reported in the literature, this study finds three attributes that best describe transit system performance: efficiency, effectiveness, and overall performance. Based upon systemsÕ factor scores, the study finds that systems scoring highly on one attribute generally perform well on the remaining attributes. Further, there is an inverse relationship between system performance and subsidies, a finding that supports performance based subsidy allocations.     

高层建筑箱形钢柱内腔混凝土的浇筑技术

中关村金融中心为高150 m的高层建筑,其框架柱为600 mm×600 mm箱形钢柱,腔内浇筑C60混凝土。文章介绍了C60免振捣自密实混凝土的性能指标、原材料选择、配合比设计、混凝土现场验收标准等,并对内插钢管、泵送浇筑的施工工艺进行了阐述。     

客运专线先张法预应力混凝土箱梁制梁台座的设计

客运专线先张法预应力混凝土箱梁的制梁台座是大吨位先张法制梁工艺的关键设备，需要承受高达51000kN的巨大张拉力。提供了制梁台座的实用设计，为大吨位先张梁的制造提供了必要的技术支持。     

二维非连续边界元分析积分计算的精确表达式

以二维弹性力学问题为研究对象,采用线性非连续元离散边界积分方程,给出了系数矩阵计算的精确表达式,对二维弹性力学问题进行了数值计算,对非连续边界元配位点对计算结果精度的影响进行了讨论,结果表明准奇异积分计算是配位点影响计算结构精度的主要因素。     

机务段油罐安全监控报警系统

大同机务段为北京铁路局下属的内燃机务段,段内现有柴油立式油罐4座,容量为500m3.由于内燃机车以轻柴油为燃料,轻柴油具有易燃、易爆、易蒸发、易渗漏的特点,且有一定的毒性,所以在储存和卸发的过程中对其进行监控很有必要.     

沥青路面水因破坏的综合治理

重点从设计的角度分析沥青路面早期破坏的因素之一水因破坏的情况入手,按照目前国内外常用的防排处理模式,结合自己的设计实践,寻找快捷、合理、永久的科学治理方法。同时,从设计、施工、监理和养护诸方面阐述综合治理的措施———防微杜渐。     

全回转拖轮在港口作业中的应用

全回转拖轮是目前天津港的主要拖轮种类，介绍分析全回转拖轮的工作特点和性质对于更好地掌握全回转拖轮的操作性能，减少事故的发生有着重要的意义。