共享单车现金奖励调度策略的用户接受意愿研究

为探讨共享单车用户在不同影响因素下对现金奖励调度策略的接受程度,设定了针对共享单车用户的调查问卷,并在济南市进行了调查,得到519份有效问卷。基于扩展的计划行为理论（Extended Theory of Planned Behavior, ETPB）模型和相关结构方程模型（Structural Equation Model, SEM）,设定了社会规范、支付能力、体力、感知服务、感知绿色价值5个构念以及5个相关假定,以测度不同奖励调度情境下共享单车用户对奖励策略的接受程度。结果显示,支付能力和体力对用户接受调度的影响程度最大,其次是社会规范和感知服务,感知绿色价值的影响程度最小。在此基础之上,提出了增大站点密度、实行现金奖励及提高车辆质量等建议,以降低运营成本、提升用户满意度与车辆使用率。     

路基填筑引起水泥搅拌桩复合地基变形监测分析

针对目前水泥搅拌桩复合地基在路基填筑作用下变形特性研究不足的问题,依托我国海积软土地区某水泥搅拌桩加固铁路路基填筑施工案例,对水泥搅拌桩复合地基变形进行监测,分析路基填筑作用下水泥搅拌桩复合地基变形特性,并为路基填筑速率控制和水泥搅拌桩加固方案设计提供建议。研究结果表明:路基填筑作用下地基加固区压缩量占总沉降的56.1%,沉降速率最大为2.4 mm/d;素填土和淤泥层侧向变形显著,侧向变形速率最大为4.6 mm/d;路基坡脚7 m内、深度5 m以上地层受路基填筑施工扰动较大;坡脚侧向变形速率较地基沉降速率更接近于控制指标,填筑速率的控制应以控制坡脚侧向变形速率为主;本施工案例中水泥搅拌桩加固方案可满足各铁路类别的路基工后沉降的控制要求,类似工程中水泥搅拌桩设计应以控制路基填筑施工对邻近结构物的影响为主。     

Compensation of pressure enthalpy effects on temperature fields for throttling of high-pressure real gas

For the pressure enthalpy of high pressure pneumatics, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation based on ideal gas assumption fails to obtain the real temperature information. Therefore, we propose a method to compensate the pressure enthalpy of throttling for CFD simulation based on ideal gas assumption. Firstly, the pressure enthalpy is calculated for the pressure range of 0.101 to 30 MPa and the temperature range of 190 to 298 K based on Soave-Redlich-Kwong (S-R-K) equation. Then, a polynomial fitting equation is applied to practical application in the above mentioned range. The basic idea of the compensation method is to convert the pressure enthalpy difference between inlet air and nodes into the compensation temperature. In the above temperature and pressure range, the compensated temperature is close to the real one, and the relative temperature drop error is below 10%. This error is mainly caused by the velocity difference of the orifice between the real and ideal gas models. Finally, this compensation method performs an icing analysis for practical high pressure slide pilot valve.     

Effect of orthogonal stiffeners on the stability of axially compressed steel jacking pipe

Load conditions for steel pipe-jacking are complex during the construction stage. The stability of steel jacking pipe has been an increasingly important problem as jacking forces, pipe diameters and jacking distances increase. However, there are no standards for pipe reinforcement, for prevention of buckling, or for remedying pipe that buckles when being jacked axially. Past experience suggests that stiffeners can effectively reinforce the structure. This study analyzes the effect of different stiffeners on the stability of steel jacking pipe under axial compression using finite element analysis. The results suggest that the stability of steel jacking pipe can be significantly improved by using orthogonal stiffeners, in terms of engineering costs and construction space inside the pipe. Based on current engineering practice, the application of orthogonal stiffeners is discussed. This study provides a useful reference for the design and construction of steel jacking pipe.     

Uncertainty analysis of value for money assessment for public-private partnership projects

In recent years, private sectors are encouraged to take an active part in franchising of urban infrastructure investments and operations, which promotes the rapid development of public-private partnership (PPP) in infrastructure and public service supply. Value for money (VFM) assessment has been officially proposed to provide a reference for selection of projects planning to adopt PPP. Based on the bottlenecks of VFM application in China and the uncertainties for urban infrastructure PPP projects, a discounted cash flow (DCF) model is established for VFM of infrastructure PPP projects. Then, a Monte Carlo simulation model is established on the basis of uncertainty factors for VFM. Through the analysis of Huai’an trams PPP project, coping strategies of uncertainties for VFM are put forward. Findings of the research may propel the establishment of a complete VFM evaluation system for PPP projects. Key instructional functions of VFM during the process of decision-making can be brought into full play and PPP may develop orderly.     

进气预热对电控柴油机起动性能影响的研究

以装备BOSCH公司生产的VP37电控分配泵管理系统的CA498Z型电控柴油机为对象,试验研究了进气预热对电控柴油机起动性能的影响。得出了进气预热在电控柴油机起动过程中对转速、起动时间、HC排放的影响规律。     

基于CAE的铝合金车轮低压铸造模具结构优化

基于流体力学传热学基本方程和有限差分方法,利用AnyCasting铸造模拟软件,采用残余熔体模数预测缩孔、缩松缺陷,用确定性模拟方法模拟微观组织。将铸造的充型凝固宏观模拟与微观组织模拟相结合,实现了铸造成型过程从宏观缺陷到微观组织以及机械性能进行完整的模拟。以某型铝合金车轮的模具设计为例,证明了该模拟方法能够指导模具结构优化,减少反复修模、试模所造成的能源浪费,提高工艺成品率。     

基于曲轴转速波动的OBD失火诊断策略研究

发动机失火诊断是车载诊断（OBD）系统重要功能之一,根据OBD对发动机失火监控原理,说明了基于曲轴转速波动的失火诊断策略。试验使用发动机失火发生装置模拟发动机失火,分析了失火时的曲轴转速波动,并根据OBD失火诊断方法,确定出参考阀值,计算出发动机运行粗暴度。     

汽车高压线束中高压端子的压接性能分析

高压线束是新能源汽车动力和信号传输分配系统的重要载体,高压线束端子的压接性能是新能源汽车最重要的性能指标。论文针对新能源汽车高压线束端子压接性能建立数据分析模型,通过分析相关数据,找出高压线束端子压缩比的最佳适配范围,以提高高压线束冷压接的工艺能力和质量水平。     

车用抗菌材料

随着人民生活水平的日益提升,用户越发关注车内的安全与健康。汽车内饰零件合理选用抗菌材料,采用合适的测试方法进行验证并判定,是车用抗菌材料开发的关键所在。文章介绍了抗菌材料的机理和检测方法,并通过摸底测试全面探究了车用抗菌材料的行业现状。结果表明,原材料中添加抗菌剂对塑料的抗菌性能起着决定性作用,但却对织物面料影响甚微。此外,对车用抗菌材料的成本上涨原因进行了详细解析,并展望了车用抗菌材料的应用前景。