图说街道——感受国内外城市道路

城市道路为居民提供交通、交往、休闲、购物、运动等各种服务,是城市生活的重要场所,街道也是政府为居民提供的公共产品。评价街道是否设计得好,必定是一个综合的标准。该文认为:此综合标准需要处理好人与车、美观与适用、技术与人文等关系,并以国内外诸多道路的实景作了图解。     

超偏载检测装置运用中误报的常见原因分析

从超偏载检测装置位置、设备基础变化、车号设备故障、超偏载检测装置故障、计算机病毒影响、列车编组情况等方面，分析超偏载检测装置运用中造成误报警的原因。     

Existence of self-financing and Pareto-improving congestion pricing: Impact of value of time distribution

This paper considers a static congestion pricing model in which travelers select a mode from either, driving on highway or taking public transit, to minimize a combination of travel time, operating cost and toll. The focus is to examine how travelers’ value of time (VOT), which is continuously distributed in a population, affects the existence of a pricing-refunding scheme that is both self-financing (i.e. requiring no external subsidy) and Pareto-improving (i.e. reducing system travel time while making nobody worse off). A condition that insures the existence of a self-financing and Pareto-improving (SFPI) toll scheme is derived. Our derivation reveals that the toll authority can select a proper SFPI scheme to distribute the benefits from congestion pricing through a credit-based pricing scheme. Under mild assumptions, we prove that an SFPI toll always exists for concave VOT functions, of which the linear function corresponding to the uniform distribution is a special case. Existence conditions are also established for a class of rational functions. These results can be used to analyze more realistic VOT distributions such as log-normal distribution. A useful implication of our analysis is that the existence of an SFPI scheme is not guaranteed for general functional forms. Thus, external subsidies may be required to ensure Pareto-improving, even if policy-makers are willing to return all toll revenues to road users.     

造船业：交船比接单更重要

金融危机裹挟着市场调整的内在需求令形势急转直下，融资环境恶化、市场需求低迷、运力投放过剩，不时将弃单的消息抛向空中，红火岁月里收获的大批新船订单开始让船厂焦虑不安。2009年，会不会有更多弃单炸弹被引爆？世界船市将走向何方？     

阿克苏诺贝尔在华扩产

近日，阿克苏诺贝尔公司宣布，其中国氯乙酸生产厂的扩产工程已顺利竣工，这个举措再次印证了该公司在诸如中国等高速增长市场加大投资力度的方针。     

箱涵回填偏移分析及纠偏实施技术

位于敞开段或基坑内的箱涵如果没有限位措施在覆盖或回填时极易产生偏移。深圳地铁桥隧相接处明挖箱涵回填过程中由于箱体外侧土体的土压力不够,在中间土体的挤压下造成两线箱体分别外移。加固的措施主要是通过用钢筋混凝土梁把两线箱体的底板连接,在箱体顶部加设素混凝土梁进行支撑以防止箱体向内倾覆,通过把两线箱体连为一个整体,以平衡中间回填土的挤压力,同时增加两线箱体外侧填土宽度,以增加外侧土压力。建议在施工过程中注意监控量测,以及时掌握箱体偏移情况调整回填方案。     

贺尔海枢纽立交方案比选

对贺尔海枢纽立交的方案比选设计进行了详细的介绍,希望能够为同类立交设计时提供技术借鉴。     

决策树法在施工合同管理中的应用

决策树法是投标决策阶段常用的一种定量分析方法，但在施工阶段应用较少，此文介绍它的操作原理，并举例阐述在项目实施阶段合同管理方面的应用。     

砂卵石层桥梁基础注浆堵水施工技术

介绍浙赣铁路浣江大桥水中墩承台位于砂卵石强透水地层中,采用先筑岛施打钢板桩围堰,再在钢板桩围堰四周进行帷幕式围护堵水注浆和围堰内承台底部封堵注浆的方法,成功解决透水问题,保证基坑开挖的顺利进行。详细介绍注浆计算公式,注浆孔位布设、孔深确定原则,注浆顺序,注浆工艺流程和注浆中应注意的问题。