基于SPH方法的水下爆炸初始爆轰过程研究

炸药的水下爆炸具有极大的变形和高度的非均匀特性,基于网格的数值模拟方法研究这类问题时遇到诸多困难,将最近发展起来的无网格的光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)应用到炸药的水下爆炸初始爆轰过程的研究.从模拟结果可知,应用SPH方法能较好地预测出爆轰波的大小和形状以及在爆轰过程中的压力分布.SPH方法非常适宜处理炸药的水下爆炸极短瞬时所具有的大变形和高度的非均匀动力学的极端情形,这对进一步模拟水下爆炸过程提供了一种新的研究方法.     

Stress Field Analysis of Carburized Specimen and Its Numerical Simulation

IntroductionCarburiZingiswidelyaPPiedheattre8boellttechnologyinindustry.Duringcarburizing,acasewithcarboncontellthigherthanthatofthecoreisformd;andaftethecarburzedmachinepwtbeingquenched,sdsehardenedlayeconsistedmainlyofmartensite,aswellasresidualstfOssfieldappearinit.Theresidua1stressfieldofcarburizedsteelanditsinfluenceonfatiguestrengthhavebeenstudiedexPerimenally["'],whilefewrePortscanbefoundaboatnumericalsimulationofresidualstressfieldincarburizedsPecmenaswellasitsinstataneousstressdist…     

津滨轻轨一期工程实施阶段的投资控制

津滨轻轨一期工程施工难度大、强度高、建设标准高、牵涉面广、工期紧、工程量大。以及不可预见因素较多,使得工程投资控制难度较大。建设过程中采取工程量清单招投标制、部分主材业主控制供材制等有效措施,实行“静态控制、动态管理”的工程造价管理模式,积极采纳节约投资的合理化建议,同时加强工程计量控制,保证了工程建设的质量和进度,工程投资也得到了有效控制。     

The rational locator reexamined: Are travel times still stable?

The rational locator hypothesis posits that individuals can, if they choose, maintain approximately steady journey-to-work travel times by adjusting their home and workplace. This hypothesis was coupled with the observation of long-term stability in drive alone journey-to-work times in metropolitan Washington (those times were unchanged from 1957 through 1968 to 1988). Despite the increase of average commuting distance and congestion, trip duration remained constant or even declined when controlling for travel purpose and travel mode because of shifting a share of traffic from slow urban routes to faster suburban routes. This observation has significance, as it is important to know for travel demand analysis if there is an underlying budget, or even a regularity, as this helps us determine whether our forecasts are reasonable. To re-test the underlying rationale for the hypothesis that travel times are stable, intra-metropolitan comparisons of travel times are made using Washington DC data from 1968, 1988, and 1994, and Twin Cities data from 1990 and 2000. The results depend upon geography. For the larger Washington DC region, keeping the same geography shows little change in commute times, but using the larger 1994 area suggests an increase in commute times. However, the Twin Cities, starting from a much shorter commute time, shows a marked increase over the decade, using either the smaller or the larger geography. Despite the remarkable continuing observation of stability in drive alone commuting times in metropolitan Washington, we reject the theory of personal commuting budgets, as we find that not only are commuting times not generally stable over time at the intra-metropolitan area, but that commuting time clearly depends on metropolitan spatial structure.     

防止铝合金减震器简体渗漏的铸造工艺措施

减少铝液中的含气量、减少缩松倾向的工艺措施、使用金属型加强排气是防止减震器筒体渗漏缺陷的几种铸造工艺措施,经过生产实际验证后效果良好。除了采用在型腔内安放预置金属型芯会增加型芯制造及安放工时外,其它措施均方便可行,这些铸造工艺措施对减震器筒体及其它铝合金铸件的生产有一定的参考价值。     

高速公路视景仿真系统的应用研究

高速公路视景仿真系统通过建立模拟现实世界的模型系统,并分析运行模型获取的数据来对道路的线形、景观、环保等方面进行评价。重点介绍了孝襄高速公路仿真系统的建模方法、模型简化方法和实时系统的优化方法,在此基础上提及了进行开发以得到专门适合道路景观评价的界面。     

高速砂浆搅拌站配套设计及应用

在大连中远6万t级船坞工程中需用大量高质量砂浆,本文叙述了高速砂浆搅拌机配套工程的设计制造工作及工程应用情况。     

货车用柴油机超高喷射压力泵喷嘴的试验研究

本文介绍由Ｌｕｃａｓ公司研制的喷射压力达２００ＭＰａ的泵喷嘴的工作原理与特点，并将该喷射系统应用于一带模拟增压中冷的单缸发动机上的试验情况，其结果表明，高喷射压力的电控泵喷嘴与无涡流开式燃烧室相匹配时，可获得相当低的微粒与ＮＯＸ排放和低燃油消耗的性能，实现不需要排气后处理便能满足ＥＵＲＯⅡ的排放标准的要求。     

宜昌长江公路大桥竣工文件编制与研究简介

结合宜昌长江公路大桥建设实际，介绍了公路桥梁建设项目竣工文件编制与研究的必要性，编制与研究的技术线路，主要内容及其特点。     

汽车NVH特性研究综述

本文介绍了声振粗糙度(harshness)的含义和汽车上的NVH现象,概括了研究汽车NVH特性的CAE仿真手段和评价方法。重点介绍了以刚体弹性体耦合建模和声固耦合作用分析等为主要内容的NVH特性研究在整车设计过程中的应用,并通过某轿车高速摆振的实例介绍了NVH特性研究在改善汽车乘坐舒适性的工作中所起的作用。最后总结了汽车NVH特性研究的特点和意义以及它在汽车设计中的重要地位,并对它的发展前景进行了展望。