海洋平台KK型管节点的疲劳性能试验研究

以某自升式海洋平台为研究对象,进行了空间KK型管节点在轴力作用下的疲劳性能的试验研究.通过对管节点模型的试验测试,得到了KK节点在轴力作用下沿着焊缝周围的热应力区内的热点应力分布及节点的应力集中系数,并采用S-N曲线法对KK型管节点的疲劳寿命进行估算.通过对比分析,指出了试验方法与规范计算方法在管节点疲劳性能分析上的差异性.     

Study on launch dynamics of the tank marching fire

As an army main battle equipment, it is required that the tank should have high firing accuracy and high first round hit probability during marching. The initial disturbance of the projectile is the premier factor that takes effect on the marching fire accuracy of the tank. And the marching fire accuracy of the tank depends on the launch dynamics behaviors of the tank. In this paper, the launch dynamics theory of a tank marching fire is studied, and its launch dynamics model is established. Based on the transfer matrix method for multibody system(MSTMM) and the automatic deduction theorem of overall transfer equations, the overall transfer equation and the overall transfer matrix of a tank multibody system are deduced; the launch dynamics equations of the tank marching fire are deduced, and the dynamic response of the tank system, the motion of projectile in barrel, the initial disturbance of the projectile and the vertical target dispersion are exactly simulated; meanwhile, the results of simulation are verified by tests. This work provides both theoretical foundation and simulation approaches for improving the marching fire accuracy of the tank.     

基于Adaptive Lasso与RF的航班运行风险预测改进研究

为了解决航班运行风险高维数组运算过于复杂的问题,同时为防止模型过度拟合影响预测精度,基于中国民航局发布的风险评估体系,以某航450组真实航班数据为标准样本,首先使用自适应套索算法（Adaptive Lasso）进行降维,从63项风险自变量中筛选出15项独立变量;然后,使用随机森林算法(Random Forest,RF)进行防过拟合处理,结果显示当使用重要度排序前12项变量拟合时,结果误差达到最小值,即得到最终预测指标;最后,构建Adaptive Lasso和RF的二阶段混合模型,同时选取主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)、径向基函数(Radial Basis Function,RBF)网络、支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)3种对比方法,使用十折交叉验证精度.结果表明：Adaptive Lasso方法在筛选掉48项指标后,结果精度未见下降;经RF处理后4种方法评估精度均大于未处理前;Adaptive Lasso-RF混合模型的预测准确率和稳定性均优于PCA、RBF神经网络和SVM等方法.综上说明混合模型实现了有效降维和防过拟合,可大幅提升预测精度,用于解决航班风险预测问题可行并有效.     

信息化战场条件下复杂电磁环境仿真建模技术

在分析信息化战场条件下复杂电磁环境特点的基础上,描述了复杂电磁环境对作战的主要影响,提出了复杂电磁环境的构建方法,重点阐述了复杂电磁环境仿真涉及的主要数学模型.     

Dynamics of inorganic nutrient species in the Bohai seawaters

Within the frame of a Sino-German Joint Research Program, two cruises of “R/V Dong Fang Hong 2” were carried out in September–October 1998 and April–May 1999, respectively, to understand the dynamics of nutrients in the Bohai. Nutrient species (NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, NH₄⁺, PO₄³⁻ and SiO₃²⁻) are determined colorimetrically on board for five anchor and 30 grid stations. In situ incubation experiments are performed to determine planktonic nutrient uptake and benthic exchange flux. Nutrient concentrations display short-term variability and seasonal change in the Bohai, with higher levels in shallow coastal waters than in the Central Bohai. The influence of riverine discharge on nutrient levels can be seen from salinity isopleths, nutrient distribution and species ratios. Near-bottom (nb) waters have similar nutrient concentrations as to the surface waters in the Central Bohai, whereas stratification takes place in the Bohai Strait and North Yellow Sea. In situ incubation experiments provide evidence that the uptake ratio (i.e. N, P) by phytoplankton is proportional to the ratios among nutrient species in ambient waters. Based on the data of this study and previously publications, a preliminary estimate of nutrient budgets via riverine input and atmospheric deposition is established. The results indicate that atmospheric deposition gains importance over rivers in delivering nutrients into the Bohai and sustain the new production, following recent decrease in riverine inflow caused by drought periods in North China and damming practices. A historical review of nutrient data indicates that concentrations of nitrogen increase and phosphorus and silica decrease in the Central Bohai over last 40 years. This potentially has an important influence on the health of ecosystem in Bohai (e.g. food web and community structure), though further study is needed to examine the scenario in more detail.     

海上风机吊装运输船及其吊装方式的研究概况

介绍了国内外海上风电的发展情况和前景,风电场建设对风机吊装运输船的需求;阐述了海上风机吊装运输船的分类及风机安装方式的发展变化。     

舰用齿轮箱抗冲击能力时域计算

为找出舰船设备的潜在问题或薄弱环节，从而保证舰船的战斗力；以及为避免由于对设备的抗冲击性能不了解即进行冲击试验可能对设备造成的损坏，抗冲击数值模拟分析对于舰用设备是必要的。对舰用齿轮箱抗冲击能力进行时域数值模拟，使用MDT软件建立齿轮箱三维几何模型，利用HyperMesh软件进行前处理以及有限元网格划分，并将有限元模型导入ABAQUS软件，对齿轮箱抗冲击能力进行时域计算。分析数值模拟结果得到了齿轮箱典型部位处冲击响应，总结了齿轮箱抗冲击的一些规律，并找出了齿轮箱结构抗冲击的薄弱环节，为齿轮箱结构优化设计提供了参考。     

船用往复泵管路减振技术研究

船舶往复式水泵管路振动一直是国内有待解决的难题，本文在分析往复式舱底泵管路振动产生机理的基础上，针对往复式水泵管路振动特性，运用近年来研制的一些新型管路减振元件，如袖套式挠性接管、管路消振器、管路流体压力蓄能器等，对往复式水泵管路振动进行试验研究，为管路减振设计提供了有意义的参考依据。     

既有公路下超浅埋软弱土层四车道隧道施工技术研究

四车道隧道从既有公路下超浅埋软弱土层中穿过,根据本工程的特殊条件经综合比选,确定了最优施工方法和控制地表沉降技术采取的对策,有效的控制了既有公路路面的沉降和确保了隧道施工的安全。     

复杂地下大空间综合体抗震性能分析

在总结目前国内外地下结构抗震计算方法的基础上,采用动力时程分析方法对上海市临港新城复杂地下大空间综合体工程进行系统的抗震性能分析。建立了该复杂地下结构的三维精细化有限元分析模型,并基于混凝土极限拉应变假设理论,考虑混凝土材料弹塑性变化的力学行为,分别给出中震和大震作用下结构的基准地震响应,从而评价该复杂地下结构的抗震性能。分析结果表明:在中震作用下,结构受力仍处于弹性阶段;在大震作用下,结构能够满足弹塑性变形验算。