A simulation study of service differentiation for the bandwidth request scheme in fixed IEEE 802.16 network

Various flexible mechanisms related to quality of service (QoS) provisioning have been specified for uplink traffic at the medium access control (MAC) layer in the IEEE 802.16 standards. Among the mechanisms, contention based bandwidth request scheme can be used to indicate bandwidth demands to the base station for the non-real-time polling and best-effort services. These two services are used for most applications with unknown traffic characteristics. Due to the diverse QoS requirements of those applications, service differentiation (SD) is anticipated over the contention based bandwidth request scheme. In this paper we investigate the SD with the bandwidth request scheme by means of assigning different channel access parameters and bandwidth allocation priorities at different packets arrival probability. The effectiveness of the differentiation schemes is evaluated by simulations. It is observed that the initial backoff window can be efficient in SD, and if combined with the bandwidth allocation priority, the SD performances will be better. Foundation item: the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2005C13321804)     

Batch RSA signature scheme

We describe a batch RSA digital signature scheme in which a signer can sign messages for multiple recipients simultaneously. The construction is quite efficient due to the batch signing method. This is useful to improve the performance of a high-loaded signing server, for example a secure electronic transaction (SET) gateway. Theoretical calculations and experimental results show that the proposed scheme can improve the performance of the signing server significantly. Foundation item: the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2005CB321804)     

An range-free localization scheme for large scale underwater wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we study an area localization problem in large scale underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). The limited bandwidth, the severely impaired channel and the cost of underwater equipment all make the underwater localization problem very challenging. Exact localization is very difficult for UWSNs in deep underwater environment. We propose a range free method based on mobile detachable elevator transceiver (DET) and 3D multi-power area localization scheme (3D-MALS) to address the challenging problem. In the proposed scheme, the ideas of 2D multi-power area localization scheme (2D-ALS) and utilizing DET are used to achieve the simplicity, location accuracy, scalability and low cost performances. The DET can rise and get down to broadcast its position. And it is assumed that all the underwater nodes underwater have pressure sensors and know their z coordinates. We evaluate the performances of 2D-ALS and our proposed 3D-MALS schemes under both ideal and non-ideal channel propagation conditions, in terms of localization error and localization ratio. The simulation results show that our proposed scheme is much more efficient than the 2D-ALS.     

Effects of denial of service attack in mobile ad hoc networks

Mobile ad hoc networks are often deployed in environments where the nodes of the networks are unattended and have little or no physical protection against tampering. The nodes of mobile ad hoc networks are thus susceptible to compromise. The networks are particularly vulnerable to denial of service (DoS) attacks launched through compromised nodes or intruders. In this paper, we investigated the effects of flooding attacks in network simulation 2 (NS-2) and measured the packet delivery ratio and packet delay under different flooding frequencies and different numbers of attack nodes. Simulation results show that with the increase the flooding frequencies and the numbers of attack nodes, network performance drops. But when the frequency of flooding attacks is greater than a value, the performance decrease gets smooth. Meanwhile the packet delay firstly increases and then declines to a value of stability at the end.     

Auto CAD绘图技巧之教学浅析

在Auto CAD教学绘图过程中,作者探索出一些能够提高绘图效率的实用技巧。本文主要介绍了如何使用Auto CAD技巧的方法,包括利用相对坐标法捕捉、形位公差的修改等辅助工具以及设置文字样板、点划线、块等命令来提高绘图速度的技巧。     

解析高职院校项目教学法中教师的角色

随着现代科学技术及生产组织形式对职业教育要求的不断提高,项目教学法越来越突显出其在高职院校教学过程中培养学生实践能力、社会能力及其他关键能力的重要性。本文在明确高职院校项目教学法内涵的基础上,揭示教师在项目教学法实施过程中应扮演的角色,并在此基础上设计出教师角色模型,并对角色综合运用产生的扩散效应进行阐述。     

轻型车用柴油机达国Ⅲ排放试验研究

通过对玉柴2.5L4F国Ⅱ柴油机进行试验优化升级来匹配某轻型车国Ⅲ机的排放要求.试验主要针对电控燃油喷射系统中的喷油器锥角、突出高度、增压器、EGR进行优化升级,结果表明样机能够满足国Ⅲ排放要求.     

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针对城市交通管理控制中对于宏观交通状态分析的需求,提出了一种新型的大范围交通状态观测分析方法。首先依据路网中各个路口的综合交通状态值,利用逐点内插法,得到整个路网范围内各个路口之间区域的虚拟交通状态值,并通过状态值到色彩值之间的映射变换生成直观生动描述大范围路网交通状态的交通状态伪色彩图;接着利用Otsu图像分割算法,将交通状态伪色彩图进行分割,自动发现其中的拥堵区域;随后利用基于梯度的光流法,提取出图中呈现出的典型交通状态演化模式,用于指导宏观交通管理和控制;最后,利用北京市实际的交通数据进行的仿真研究证实了该算法的有效性。     

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为了更好地安排首都国际机场快线运营及接驳方式,在分析机场快线客流构成的基础上,改进了基于多式网络客流预测的方法,使得对量化各种交通运输方式之间的换乘和衔接成为可能。在此基础上,使用TransCAD对通往首都机场的客流量进行了预测。在预测过程中,通过建立广义时间函数,充分考虑了不同收入层次旅客在时间、费用、舒适度上的不同需求。根据预测客流,设计了机场快线在高峰、平峰的运营间隔时间及东直门换乘枢纽点的停车场规模,为东直门交通枢纽的规划设计及首都国际机场客流快速集疏散提出了有参考价值的建议。     

语篇在翻译中的具体运用

把语篇运用于翻译,有着重要的实践意义。不但能使上下文联系紧密,凸显句式在文章中的功能,而且能更好地处理社会文化现象,有效地完成翻译的目的。