Analysis on the Characteristics and Development Trends of the Support Technology of High Ground Stress Tunnels in China北大核心CSCD

Combining the present situation and development trend of different tunnel support technologies at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the problems of rockburst in hard rock tunnels and large deformation in soft rock tunnels caused by high ground stress. It is concluded that: 1) regarding the rockburst problem, the current support technology is mainly influenced by the rock burst mechanism which is dominated by static factors, and so the used support components are generally of smaller deformation performance and "passive support" properties; 2) as the rockburst is the result of dynamic-static stress coupling, and only the anchor bolt has the "active support" attribute in the current "shotcrete+anchor bolt+wire net" support system, so the best support system should have the two functions of active support and energy release in terms of the rockburst problem, and the key focus of the research and development is anchorage members; 3) there are three main support types for large deformation in soft rock tunnels, e.g. the heavy support, layered support and yielding support. Among them, the heavy support system in underground cavern with large deformation is easy to induce excessive surrounding rock pressure, and so the applicable conditions are limited. The layered support system is still not the best choice due to its immature theoretical study, difficult determination of the thickness value and the installation time of each support layer and the interference to construction progress. With the characteristics of timely support and yielding while supporting, the yielding support system can give full play to the performance values of surrounding rocks and supporting materials, and make both of them reach the optimal state, so it is the best choice for supporting the soft rock tunnels with large deformations. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

虚拟船舶中压电站系统设计

虚拟船舶中压电站系统以实际船舶的中压电站为原型。系统利用组态软件PIMS作为开发平台,通过数据库构建、人机交互界面设计及程序脚本的编写,实现虚拟船舶中压电站系统的各项操作功能。本系统是一个开放的系统,功能可以拓展。系统可以网络发布,在学员培训方面具有良好的应用前景。     

静态爆破法在深圳地铁施工中的应用

静态爆破是近年来发展起来的一种新型爆破施工技术,它可在无震动、无飞石,无噪音、无污染的条件下破碎或切割岩石或混凝土构筑物。深圳地铁2号线东延线土建工程安托山站—侨香站区间矿山法施工竖井系选用此工法在2 500 mm×3 000 mm雨水箱涵附近成功地进行了中、微风化花岗岩开挖施工,确保了雨水箱涵的安全性。     

水平旋喷桩施工工艺在深圳地铁施工中的应用

在深圳地铁安托山站—侨香站区间矿山法隧道超前支护施工中,由于采用了水平旋喷桩施工工艺,成功地解决了安-侨区间暗挖隧道在饱和粉细砂层及砾砂层中近距离穿越大断面雨水箱涵及φ500 mm次高压燃气管线的难题,节约了施工成本,充分显示了水平旋喷桩施工工艺在富水砂层浅埋暗挖隧道开挖预支护工程应用上的经济优势。文章论述了水平旋喷桩的工艺机理、适应性、优缺点以及在该工程中的应用效果。     

混合对转推进系统设计与实船应用研究

为全面深入了解混合对转推进系统实船安装对船舶性能影响,为数值仿真和性能预报提供实船参考数据,以集装箱运输船为应用对象,提出了一种把吊舱推进器集成在挂舵臂上的混合对转推进系统(CRP-POD),详细阐述了CRP-POD的系统构成、工作模式和电气控制系统实船设计方案。通过实船试验和运行数据分析,安装混合对转推进系统的船舶与同系列安装常规推进系统的船舶相比,特定航行工况下航速有2~3%的提升、回转能力有所降低、航向稳定性上优于常规船。     

Analyzing urban bus service reliability at the stop, route, and network levels

Improving the reliability of bus service has the potential to increase the attractiveness of public transit to current and prospective riders. An understanding of service reliability is necessary to develop strategies that help transit agencies provide better services. However, few studies have been conducted analyzing bus reliability in the metropolis of China. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of service reliability based on bus operational characteristics in Beijing. Three performance parameters, punctuality index based on routes (PIR), deviation index based on stops (DIS), and evenness index based on stops (EIS), are proposed for the evaluation of bus service reliability. Reliability involves routes, stops, punctuality, deviation, and evenness. The relationship among the three parameters is discussed using a numerical example. Subsequently, through a sampling survey of bus lines in Beijing, service reliability at the stop, route, and network levels are estimated. The effects of route length, headway, the distance from the stop to the origin terminal, and the use of exclusive bus lanes are also analyzed. The results indicate low service reliability for buses in Beijing and a high correlation between service reliability and route length, headway, distance from the stop to the origin terminal, and the provision of exclusive bus lanes.     

超大直径海底隧道盾构选型研究

根据复杂地质条件下超大直径海底隧道盾构选型的特点,并结合某海底隧道的工程特点及地质条件,对影响盾构选型的各种主要因素进行了分析,对泥水平衡盾构和土压平衡盾构从各个方面进行了综合比选,最终选择了适合本工程的大直径复合泥水盾构.由于目前国内外大直径复合泥水盾构在复杂地质条件下的工程应用很少,文章回顾了国内外复合泥水盾构类似工程应用情况.通过调查研究表明,大直径泥水盾构的制造及在该海底隧道中的应用是可行的.     

浅谈设备大修与更新阶段的成本控制

在设备日常管理中应该以主动维护代替大修,尽量降低修理级别,并将设备大修及技术改造与设备更新结合起来,充分发挥设备效能,降低综合管理成本,实现企业利润最大化.     

沥青路面多孔混凝土排水基层施工技术分析

水侵害是造成沥青路面早期破坏的主要因素之一。多孔混凝土是一种性能良好的新型道路基层材料,相应的多孔混凝土排水基层沥青路面是一种新型的路面结构。对多孔混凝土排水基层的施工技术及注意事项进行研究和分析,为该项施工技术的推广应用提供参考经验。     

基于功效系数法的城市公交线网优化模型

城市公共交通线网优化是城市客运交通规划的重要部分之一。对现有公交线网进行优化,可以更有效地利用现有资源,解决城市交通问题。通过对城市公交线网优化的主要内容、优化模式、优化目标以及约束条件的分析,同时兼顾乘客出行时间、线网平均满载率、公交线网密度和公交线网的布局,对整个城市交通系统的影响提出优化目标的函数表达式及相应约束条件的数学表达式,建立公交线网优化的多目标模型。通过对模型的分析,提出可用功效系数法对模型进行寻优和评价。