野三河大桥主墩底座高强大体积混凝土防裂施工技术

野三河大桥主墩底座为高强大体积混凝土结构,为防止出现裂缝,施工中采取了双掺技术优化混凝土配合比、合理设置后浇段以及采用冷却水管内散外蓄和选择有利浇筑时间降低混凝土最高温度等裂缝控制措施,以有效地控制混凝土的最高温度和内表温差.施工后的主墩底座混凝土内实外美,未产生任何裂缝,这表明上述技术对于防裂行之有效.     

Wave Number Method for Three-Dimensional Steady-State Acoustic Problems

Based on the indirect Trefftz approach, a wave number method (WNM) is proposed to deal with three-dimensional steady-state acoustic problems. In the WNM, the dynamic pressure response variable is approximated by a set of wave functions, which exactly satisfy the Helmholtz equation. The set of wave functions comprise the exact solutions of the homogeneous part of the governing equations and some particular solution functions. The unknown coefficients of the wave functions can be obtained by enforcing the pressure approximation to satisfy the boundary conditions. Compared with the boundary element method (BEM), the WNM have a smaller system matrix, and is applicable to the radiation problems since the wave functions are independent of the domain size. A 3D acoustic cavity is exemplified to show the properties of the method. The results show that the wave number method is more efficient than the BEM, and it is fairly accurate.     

铁道车辆振动响应特性

为改善车辆的乘坐舒适性,研究了车辆的振动响应特性,建立了车辆系统动力学模型,计算了转向架蛇行运动模态和车体固有振动模态的频域模态参数与车辆在不同速度下的时域平稳性指标。计算结果表明:转向架蛇行运动频率和轨道激扰主频率随着车辆运行速度的增大而增大,而车体的固有振动频率是不随速度而变化的;在某一速度下,转向架的蛇行运动频率和轨道激扰主频率必然与车体相关振动的固有频率接近而发生共振,共振会严重恶化车辆的平稳性,因此,应采取适当措施使共振速度区远离车辆的常用运行速度,以保证车辆运行平稳。     

Effect of carbon nanotube concentration on cooling behaviors of oil-based nanofluids during the immersion quenching

Oil-based nanofluids including 0.75%—1.75%(mass fraction) carbon nanotubes(CNTs) without any surfactants have been synthesized by a two-step process. The probes machined from 45~# steel with 22 mm diameter and 50 mm length are quenched in the as-synthesized CNT nanofluids for testing the cooling behaviors of the nanofluids. The laser diffraction particle size analyzer, scanning electronic microscope(SEM), X-ray diffractometer and transmission electron microscope(TEM) are used to characterize the quality and distribution of CNTs in the nanofluids. The wettability and viscosity of 30~# oil and oil-based CNT nanofluids are measured by a goniometer at 15℃ and a rotational type viscometer at 40℃, respectively. The results show that the cooling efficiency of the oil-based CNT nanofluids is better than that of 30~# oil. Moreover, the cooling rate of the naonofluids increases with the further increase of the CNT concentration. When the mass fraction of CNTs increases to 1.75%, the cooling rate of the naonofluids reaches a maximum at 760℃ and it is increased by 77.8% as compared to that of base oil. The improved cooling rate of oil by CNTs is mainly due to the uniform distribution and excellent thermal conductivity of CNTs.     

促渗剂对盐酸小檗碱体外经皮渗透的影响

目的　研究几种促渗剂对盐酸小檗碱体外经皮渗透的影响。方法　在离体透皮实验装置上 ,以 30 % (体积分数 )乙醇作为接收液 ,观察盐酸小檗碱经大鼠腹部皮肤的渗透性 ,按规定时间取样 ,用高效液相色谱法 (HPLC)测定盐酸小檗碱的经皮渗透量。结果　几种促渗剂对盐酸小檗碱均有促渗透作用 ,不同透皮促渗剂促渗作用的大小顺序为 :氮酮 <丙二醇 <油酸 <冰片 <冰片 +丙二醇 <氮酮 +丙二醇 <油酸 +丙二醇。结论　氮酮、丙二醇、油酸、冰片、冰片 +丙二醇、油酸 +丙二醇、氮酮 +丙二醇均可作为促渗剂用于盐酸小檗碱的经皮吸收制剂。     

基于非线性模型的发动机非稳态工况控制

针对发动机非稳态工况,建立了非线性模型.设计了滑模控制器和PID控制器分别对节气门开度和点火时刻进行自适应调节.对发动机怠速工况进行仿真的结果表明,发动机转速波动幅值低于6 r/min,表明所建的非线性模型适合于发动机非稳态工况控制.     

正交试验法在行人保护发动机罩概念设计中的应用

文中通过对行人头部碰撞机罩的过程加速度的分析。讨论了在碰撞过程中造成头部伤害的各影响因素。并利用dyna软件对汽车有限元模型仿真分析。在分析过程中。利用正交试验法对发动机罩系统进行概念设计研究。得出各因数对行人头部伤害值的影响程度。指导发动机罩的设计。     

Simultaneous localization and mapping of autonomous underwater vehicle using looking forward sonar

A method of underwater simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) based on on-board looking forward sonar is proposed. The real-time data flow is obtained to form the underwater acoustic images and these images are pre-processed and positions of objects are extracted for SLAM. Extended Kalman filter (EKF) is selected as the kernel approach to enable the underwater vehicle to construct a feature map, and the EKF can locate the underwater vehicle through the map. In order to improve the association efficiency, a novel association method based on ant colony algorithm is introduced. Results obtained on simulation data and real acoustic vision data in tank are displayed and discussed. The proposed method maintains better association efficiency and reduces navigation error, and is effective and feasible.     

温州市城区绿道规划——以龙湾城区绿道规划为例

城区绿道是城市居民日常休闲活动的主要场所,也是步行与自行车交通系统的重要组成部分。在介绍温州市绿道体系的基础上,着重阐述了城区绿道的等级划分、功能定位、特性、规划原则与步骤,然后以龙湾城区绿道系统规划为例进行详细论述。最后,为了实现城区绿道与交通系统的有效衔接,研究了相关措施,包括:设置绿道出入口和绿化通道,以绿道为依托完善自行车和机动车停车设施,以及城区绿道与城市道路、河道、桥梁等相交时的处理措施。     

不确定响应时间下准时交货激励契约的协同研究

在供应链战略合作伙伴关系的体系框架下,以博弈论作为分析工具,针对采购双方动态交互决策过程建立了以供应链中核心生产企业为主方,供应商为从方的Stackelberg博弈模型.基于最优性分析讨论了准时采购过程中双方决策的交互影响关系,在无约束条件下分析Stackelberg均衡解的必要条件.最后提出了该博弈模型的内嵌内点法的模拟退火算法.